Resumo
Purpose: To evaluate the preventive cardioprotective effects of resveratrol and grape products, such as grape juice and red wine, in animal model of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: Male Wistar rats orally pretreated for 21-days with resveratrol and grape products were anesthetized and placed on mechanical ventilation to surgically induce cardiac ischemia and reperfusion by obstruction (ischemia) followed by liberation (reperfusion) of blood circulation in left descending coronary artery. These rats were submitted to the electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis to evaluate the effects of pretreatment with resveratrol and grape products on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA), atrioventricular block (AVB) and lethality (LET) resulting from cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. Results: It was observed that the incidence of AVB was significantly lower in rats pretreated with resveratrol (25%), grape juice (37.5%) or red wine (12.5%) than in rats treated with saline solution (80%) or ethanol (80%). Similarly, incidence of LET was also significantly lower in rats pretreated with resveratrol (25%), grape juice (25%) or red wine (0%) than in rats treated with saline solution (62.5%) or ethanol (75%). Conclusion: These results indicate that the cardioprotective response stimulated by resveratrol and grape products prevents the lethal cardiac arrhythmias in animal model of ischemia and reperfusion, supporting the idea that this treatment can be beneficial for prevention of severe cardiac arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Cardiotônicos , Resveratrol/administração & dosagem , Vitis , Arritmias Cardíacas/prevenção & controle , Reperfusão Miocárdica/veterinária , Isquemia Miocárdica/veterináriaResumo
Background: Thyroid hormones have important effects on the cardiovascular system, of which the main ones are the in-crease in the heart response to the autonomic sympathetic nervous system. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive method of assessing autonomic heart modulation, thus being an important form of evaluation in patients with thyroid dysfunctions. This study aimed to report electrocardiographic and heart rate variability data of a dog with hypothyroidism that presented a parasympathetic dysfunction.Case:A 7-year-old female Dalmatian dog was admitted for clinical evaluation in Fortaleza, Brazil. According to the owner, she had been apathetic for a year, had gained weight, always had a sad expression, and her hair was generally brittle and opaque. On physical examination, skin lesions were observed at the end of the spine, extending to the tail region, with the latter showing total alopecia. Low T4 levels confirmed the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism. Then, a 24-h Holter monitoring was performed, which showed that the animal had sinus arrhythmia associated with moments of second-degree sinoatrial block and rare moments of sinus tachycardia. In addition, moments of premature multifocal ventricular extra-systoles and 1st-degree atrioventricular block were observed.Based on the Holter results, heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated. Regarding the HRV in the frequency domain, 32.16 was obtained in the low frequency (LF) band, 67.84 in the high frequency (HF) band, and the LF / HF ratio was 0.46, with a total power of 5205. As for the HRV in the time domain, RMSSD was 117, pNN50 was 62.64 and SDNN was 384. This showed an increase in the parasympathetic activity of the heart and, due to this increased activity, a...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Disautonomias Primárias/diagnóstico , Disautonomias Primárias/veterinária , Hipotireoidismo/veterinária , Bloqueio Atrioventricular/veterinária , Bloqueio Sinoatrial/veterinária , Eletrocardiografia/veterináriaResumo
Background: Thyroid hormones have important effects on the cardiovascular system, of which the main ones are the in-crease in the heart response to the autonomic sympathetic nervous system. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive method of assessing autonomic heart modulation, thus being an important form of evaluation in patients with thyroid dysfunctions. This study aimed to report electrocardiographic and heart rate variability data of a dog with hypothyroidism that presented a parasympathetic dysfunction.Case:A 7-year-old female Dalmatian dog was admitted for clinical evaluation in Fortaleza, Brazil. According to the owner, she had been apathetic for a year, had gained weight, always had a sad expression, and her hair was generally brittle and opaque. On physical examination, skin lesions were observed at the end of the spine, extending to the tail region, with the latter showing total alopecia. Low T4 levels confirmed the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism. Then, a 24-h Holter monitoring was performed, which showed that the animal had sinus arrhythmia associated with moments of second-degree sinoatrial block and rare moments of sinus tachycardia. In addition, moments of premature multifocal ventricular extra-systoles and 1st-degree atrioventricular block were observed.Based on the Holter results, heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated. Regarding the HRV in the frequency domain, 32.16 was obtained in the low frequency (LF) band, 67.84 in the high frequency (HF) band, and the LF / HF ratio was 0.46, with a total power of 5205. As for the HRV in the time domain, RMSSD was 117, pNN50 was 62.64 and SDNN was 384. This showed an increase in the parasympathetic activity of the heart and, due to this increased activity, a...
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Cães , Disautonomias Primárias/diagnóstico , Disautonomias Primárias/veterinária , Hipotireoidismo/veterinária , Bloqueio Atrioventricular/veterinária , Bloqueio Sinoatrial/veterinária , Eletrocardiografia/veterináriaResumo
A dexmedetomidina é um fármaco agonista a-2 adrenérgico utilizado na anestesiologia veterinária, devido a suas propriedades sedativas e analgésicas. Existem preocupações quanto aos seus efeitos colaterais, principalmente cardiovasculares, dentre eles arritmias. As quais podem comprometer o débito cardíaco e a perfusão tecidual. As arritmias que podem ser observadas com o uso da dexmedetomidina são: bloqueio átrio ventricular de 1º, 2º e 3º grau; arritmia sinusal, e pausa sinusal. Dentre elas a de maior ocorrência é o bloqueio atrioventricular, principalmente o de 2º grau. Essas alterações são dose-dependentes, estudos demonstram que doses de 1 µg /kg podem desencadear a ocorrência de bradiarritmias. O tratamento das arritmias atrioventriculares envolve a administração de anticolinérgicos, antiarrítmicos e no caso de alterações desencadeadas pelo uso da dexmedetomidina a aplicação de um antagonista a-2 adrenérgico. Esta revisão tem como objetivo discorrer sobre as arritmias em cães ocasionadas pelo uso da dexmedetomidina.
Dexmedetomidine is a α-2 adrenergic agonist drug used in veterinary anesthesiologydue to its sedative and analgesic properties. There are concerns about its side effects, especially cardiovascular, among them arrhythmias. These may compromise cardiac output and tissue perfusion. The arrhythmias that may be observed with the use of dexmedetomidine are: ventricularatrium blockade of 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree; sinus arrhythmia, and sinus pause. Among them, the most frequent occurrence is atrioventricular block, especially the second degree. These changes are dose-dependent, studies have shown that doses of 1 μg/kg can trigger the occurrence of bradyarrhythmias. Treatment of atrioventricular arrhythmias involves the administration of anticholinergics, antiarrhythmics and in the case of changes triggered by the use of dexmedetomidinethe application of a α-2 adrenergic antagonist. This review aims to discuss the arrhythmias in dogs caused by the use of dexmedetomidine.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Agonistas alfa-Adrenérgicos , Anestésicos , Arritmias Cardíacas/veterinária , Doenças do CãoResumo
A dexmedetomidina é um fármaco agonista a-2 adrenérgico utilizado na anestesiologia veterinária, devido a suas propriedades sedativas e analgésicas. Existem preocupações quanto aos seus efeitos colaterais, principalmente cardiovasculares, dentre eles arritmias. As quais podem comprometer o débito cardíaco e a perfusão tecidual. As arritmias que podem ser observadas com o uso da dexmedetomidina são: bloqueio átrio ventricular de 1º, 2º e 3º grau; arritmia sinusal, e pausa sinusal. Dentre elas a de maior ocorrência é o bloqueio atrioventricular, principalmente o de 2º grau. Essas alterações são dose-dependentes, estudos demonstram que doses de 1 µg /kg podem desencadear a ocorrência de bradiarritmias. O tratamento das arritmias atrioventriculares envolve a administração de anticolinérgicos, antiarrítmicos e no caso de alterações desencadeadas pelo uso da dexmedetomidina a aplicação de um antagonista a-2 adrenérgico. Esta revisão tem como objetivo discorrer sobre as arritmias em cães ocasionadas pelo uso da dexmedetomidina.(AU)
Dexmedetomidine is a α-2 adrenergic agonist drug used in veterinary anesthesiologydue to its sedative and analgesic properties. There are concerns about its side effects, especially cardiovascular, among them arrhythmias. These may compromise cardiac output and tissue perfusion. The arrhythmias that may be observed with the use of dexmedetomidine are: ventricularatrium blockade of 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree; sinus arrhythmia, and sinus pause. Among them, the most frequent occurrence is atrioventricular block, especially the second degree. These changes are dose-dependent, studies have shown that doses of 1 μg/kg can trigger the occurrence of bradyarrhythmias. Treatment of atrioventricular arrhythmias involves the administration of anticholinergics, antiarrhythmics and in the case of changes triggered by the use of dexmedetomidinethe application of a α-2 adrenergic antagonist. This review aims to discuss the arrhythmias in dogs caused by the use of dexmedetomidine.(AU)