Influence of the food matrix on dual-species biofilm of Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas fluorescens

In the food industry, the formation of biofilms results in serious microbial recontamination problem. This work aimed to study Listeria sp. obtained from sliced products and food handling surfaces, for the preparation of food of animal origin to be consumed cold. Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua and Listeria seeligeri were detected. In the evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility, the isolates were sensitive to ampicillin and penicillin, which were the main antibiotics used in treatment. The isolates showed the ability to form biofilm in microplate, in stainless steel and polypropylene surfaces, with a variation of sessile cells between 4.29±0.23 and 7.03±0.01 log10 CFU cm-2 in TSBYE. This ability was also observed in food matrix composed of UHT whole milk in mono-species cultivation and in associated cultivation of L. monocytogenes with Pseudomonas fluorescens. The application of sanitizers peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite revealed efficiency in the eradication of adhered cells and biofilms formed in stainless steel surfaces. Therefore, Listeria sp. showed to be persistent and able to form biofilm in mono-species cultivation or associated with P. fluorescens, under different conditions. Taking these aspects into account, the need for proper hygiene in the food production process is highlighted in order to avoid risks to the consumers health.(AU)

Association of polypropylene scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells for use in tissue engineering / Associação de arcabouço de polipropileno e células tronco mesenquimais para uso em engenharia de tecido

Tissue engineering replaces injured tissues by manipulating cells, making scaffolds, and using molecules that stimulate the tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are good candidates for tissue engineering, as this is one of the cell types which are recruited to repair injured tissues. Scaffolds are structural devices that allow cell fixation and migration, with polypropylene meshes being an example. This study aims to evaluate the culture of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), isolated from C57Bl/6 GFP + mice, in two types of polypropylene meshes (macroporous and microporous) in conventional culture plates and plates coated with methacrylate, over a period of fifteen days. The objective was to obtain the best interaction protocol between the mesh and the cells. The choice of the best method was based on adherence, maintenance of adherence and viability during culture. The amount of ADSCs adhering was checked daily by counting in a Neubauer Chamber and by using a growth curve performed with the MTT assay. The ADSCs adhering to the meshes were visualized with DAPI, panotic, hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry (integrin), and immunofluorescence (actin). ADSCs adhere to all forms of culture and to the two types of polypropylene mesh. ADSCs adhered more to the microporous mesh, within the seven day period of culture and in the plates without methacrylate. Thus, polypropylene meshes offer a good scaffold for ADSCs to adhere to.

A engenharia de tecidos substitui tecidos danificados com a manipulação de células, confecção de arcabouços e a utilização de moléculas que estimulem o tecido. As células-tronco mesenquimais (MSCs) são boas candidatas para engenharia de tecido, pois são um dos tipos celulares recrutadas para a reparação de tecidos lesionados. O arcabouço deve ser um dispositivo estrutural que forneça uma estrutura para o crescimento e a diferenciação celular no sítio, sendo a tela de polipropileno um exemplo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o cultivo de células-tronco mesenquimais de tecido de adiposo (ADSCs), isoladas de camundongos C57Bl/6 GFP+, em dois tipos de telas de polipropileno (macroporosa e microporosa) em placas de cultura convencionais e revestidas com metacrilato, durante quinze dias, para obter o melhor protocolo de interação entre a tela e as células. A escolha do melhor método foi baseada na adesão, manutenção da adesão e viabilidade durante cultivo. A quantidade de ADSCs aderidas foi verificada diariamente em contagem em Câmara de Neubauer e através de uma curva de crescimento realizada através de ensaio de MTT. As ADSCs aderidas nas telas foram visualizadas com a marcação de DAPI, panótico, hematoxilina e eosina, imumo-histoquímica (integrina) e imunofluorescência (actina). Nas duas formas de cultivo e nos dois tipos de telas de polipropileno houve aderência das ADSCs. Houve maior aderência na tela microporosa, no período de sete dias de cultivo e em placas sem metacrilato. Conclui-se que a tela de polipropileno oferece um bom arcabouço para as ADSCs se aderirem.

Associação de arcabouço de polipropileno e células tronco mesenqimais para uso em engenharia de tecido / Association of polypropylene scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells for use in tissue engineering

A engenharia de tecidos tem como objetivo substituir tecidos danificados, manipulando células, confecção de arcabouços e a utilização de moléculas que estimulem o tecido. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar duas técnicas de cultivo de células-tronco mesenquimais (MSC) em diferentes placas de cultura, utilizando dois tipos de telas de polipropileno (macroporoso e microporoso), para obter as melhores condições de interação entre a tela e as células, e definir uma proposta de protético para engenharia de tecidos. As telas de polipropileno foram cultivadas com células-tronco mesenquimais de tecido adiposo (ADSCs) isoladas de camundongos C57B1/6 GFP+ durante quinze dias em placas revestidas com metacrilato ou não revestidas com metacrilato. A quantidade de ADSCs aderidas foram verificadas diariamente em Câmara de Neubauer e através de uma curva de crescimento realizada pelo ensaio MTT. As ADSCs aderidas às malhas foram visualizadas com marcação de DAPI, panóticas, hematoxilina e eosina imuno-histoquímica e imunofluorescência. O melhor protocolo foi na tela microporosa, no o período de sete dias de cultivo e em placas sem metacrilato. Conclui-se que a tela de polipropileno fornece um bom suporte para as ADSCs se aderirem podendo ser utilizada na engenharia de tecidos.(AU)

Tissue engineering replaces injured tissues by manipulating cells, making scaffolds, and using molecules that stimulate the tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are good candidates for tissue engineering, as this is one of the cell types which are recruited to repair injured tissues. Scaffolds are structural devices that allow cell fixation and migration, with polypropylene meshes being an example. This study aims to evaluate the culture of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), isolated from C57Bl/6 GFP + mice, in two types of polypropylene meshes (macroporous and microporous) in conventional culture plates and plates coated with methacrylate, over a period of fifteen days. The objective was to obtain the best interaction protocol between the mesh and the cells. The choice of the best method was based on adherence, maintenance of adherence and viability during culture. The amount of ADSCs adhering was checked daily by counting in a Neubauer Chamber and by using a growth curve performed with the MTT assay. The ADSCs adhering to the meshes were visualized with DAPI, panotic, hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry (integrin), and immunofluorescence (actin). ADSCs adhere to all forms of culture and to the two types of polypropylene mesh. ADSCs adhered more to the microporous mesh, within the seven day period of culture and in the plates without methacrylate. Thus, polypropylene meshes offer a good scaffold for ADSCs to adhere to.(AU)

Associação de arcabouço de polipropileno e células tronco mesenqimais para uso em engenharia de tecido / Association of polypropylene scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells for use in tissue engineering

A engenharia de tecidos tem como objetivo substituir tecidos danificados, manipulando células, confecção de arcabouços e a utilização de moléculas que estimulem o tecido. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar duas técnicas de cultivo de células-tronco mesenquimais (MSC) em diferentes placas de cultura, utilizando dois tipos de telas de polipropileno (macroporoso e microporoso), para obter as melhores condições de interação entre a tela e as células, e definir uma proposta de protético para engenharia de tecidos. As telas de polipropileno foram cultivadas com células-tronco mesenquimais de tecido adiposo (ADSCs) isoladas de camundongos C57B1/6 GFP+ durante quinze dias em placas revestidas com metacrilato ou não revestidas com metacrilato. A quantidade de ADSCs aderidas foram verificadas diariamente em Câmara de Neubauer e através de uma curva de crescimento realizada pelo ensaio MTT. As ADSCs aderidas às malhas foram visualizadas com marcação de DAPI, panóticas, hematoxilina e eosina imuno-histoquímica e imunofluorescência. O melhor protocolo foi na tela microporosa, no o período de sete dias de cultivo e em placas sem metacrilato. Conclui-se que a tela de polipropileno fornece um bom suporte para as ADSCs se aderirem podendo ser utilizada na engenharia de tecidos.

Tissue engineering replaces injured tissues by manipulating cells, making scaffolds, and using molecules that stimulate the tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are good candidates for tissue engineering, as this is one of the cell types which are recruited to repair injured tissues. Scaffolds are structural devices that allow cell fixation and migration, with polypropylene meshes being an example. This study aims to evaluate the culture of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), isolated from C57Bl/6 GFP + mice, in two types of polypropylene meshes (macroporous and microporous) in conventional culture plates and plates coated with methacrylate, over a period of fifteen days. The objective was to obtain the best interaction protocol between the mesh and the cells. The choice of the best method was based on adherence, maintenance of adherence and viability during culture. The amount of ADSCs adhering was checked daily by counting in a Neubauer Chamber and by using a growth curve performed with the MTT assay. The ADSCs adhering to the meshes were visualized with DAPI, panotic, hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry (integrin), and immunofluorescence (actin). ADSCs adhere to all forms of culture and to the two types of polypropylene mesh. ADSCs adhered more to the microporous mesh, within the seven day period of culture and in the plates without methacrylate. Thus, polypropylene meshes offer a good scaffold for ADSCs to adhere to.

Correção de hérnia perianal em cão utilizando tela de polipropileno / Correction of perianal hernia using polypropylene screen in dog

A hérnia perineal resulta do enfraquecimento e separação dos músculos que formam o diafragma pélvico, promovendo deslocamento caudal de órgãos abdominais ou pélvicos no períneo. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns incluem tumefação da região perineal, tenesmo, disquesia, incontinência urinaria e/ou fecal, anúria e êmese devido a envolvimento urinário e/ou intestinal. O diagnóstico baseia-se no histórico clínico, anamnese, exame físico e exames complementares como radiografia simples ou contrastada e ultrassonografia. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar a eficácia do uso da tela de polipropileno na correção de hérnia perineal em paciente da espécie canina. Foi encaminhado ao Hospital Veterinário Metropolitano (HVM) de Caucaia, um canino, da raça Pastor Alemão, macho, 36 kg e 7 anos de idade, apresentando sintomas como apatia, anorexia, tenesmo e aumento da região perianal. A suspeita clínica de hérnia perianal foi confirmada pelo exame ultrassonográfico. O tratamento cirúrgico foi indicado pela técnica de herniorrafia com fixação de tela de polipropileno. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico foi observado um nódulo em meio as estruturas, o qual foi retirado e enviado ao estudo histopatológico. O resultado indicou um quadro de necrose de tecido adiposo (adiponecrose). Para o fechamento do orifício da hérnia, utilizou-se tela de polipropileno fixada com nylon 2.0 em padrão simples interrompido e, posteriormente, foi realizada a orquiectomia. No pósoperatório, fez-se uso de amoxicicilina, cetoprofeno e tramadol. O paciente recebeu alta após 48 horas seguidas do ato cirúrgico, e corridos 12 dias, o animal não apresentou recidiva. Diante do caso relatado, pode-se concluir que a técnica de herniorrafia perineal com tela de polipropileno, associada à orquiectomia, constitui-se em procedimento eficaz sem apresentação de recidivas.

Perineal hernia results from the weakening and separation of the muscles that form thepelvic diaphragm, promoting caudal displacement of abdominal or pelvic organs in the perineum. The most common clinical signs include perineal region swelling, tenesmus, dyskinesia, urinary and / or fecal incontinence, anuria and emesis due to urinary and / or intestinal involvement. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, anamnesis, physical examination and complementary exams such as simple or contrast radiography and ultrasonography. The objective of this study was to report the surgical treatment for the correction of perineal hernia in a dog through the use of synthetic polypropylene mesh. A canine, German Shepherd dog, male, 36 kg and 7 years old, was submitted to the Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital (HVM), presenting symptoms of apathy, anorexia, tenesmus and an increase in the perianal region. Clinical suspicion of perianal hernia was confirmed by ultrasonographic examination. The surgical treatment was indicated by the herniorrhaphy technique with polypropylene mesh fixation. During the surgical procedure, a nodule was observed between the structures, which was removed and sent to the histopathological study. The result indicated an adipose tissue necrosis (adiponecrosis). In order to close the hernia hole, a polypropylene mesh was fixed with nylon 2.0 in a simple interrupted pattern and then the orchiectomy was performed. Postoperatively, amoxicillin, ketoprofen and tramadol were used. The patient was discharged 48 hours after the surgical procedure, and after 12 days, the animal did not present a recurrence. In view of thereported case, it can be concluded that the technique of perineal herniorrhaphy with polypropylene mesh, associated with orchiectomy, constitutes an effective procedure without relapses.

Correção de hérnia perianal em cão utilizando tela de polipropileno / Correction of perianal hernia using polypropylene screen in dog

A hérnia perineal resulta do enfraquecimento e separação dos músculos que formam o diafragma pélvico, promovendo deslocamento caudal de órgãos abdominais ou pélvicos no períneo. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns incluem tumefação da região perineal, tenesmo, disquesia, incontinência urinaria e/ou fecal, anúria e êmese devido a envolvimento urinário e/ou intestinal. O diagnóstico baseia-se no histórico clínico, anamnese, exame físico e exames complementares como radiografia simples ou contrastada e ultrassonografia. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar a eficácia do uso da tela de polipropileno na correção de hérnia perineal em paciente da espécie canina. Foi encaminhado ao Hospital Veterinário Metropolitano (HVM) de Caucaia, um canino, da raça Pastor Alemão, macho, 36 kg e 7 anos de idade, apresentando sintomas como apatia, anorexia, tenesmo e aumento da região perianal. A suspeita clínica de hérnia perianal foi confirmada pelo exame ultrassonográfico. O tratamento cirúrgico foi indicado pela técnica de herniorrafia com fixação de tela de polipropileno. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico foi observado um nódulo em meio as estruturas, o qual foi retirado e enviado ao estudo histopatológico. O resultado indicou um quadro de necrose de tecido adiposo (adiponecrose). Para o fechamento do orifício da hérnia, utilizou-se tela de polipropileno fixada com nylon 2.0 em padrão simples interrompido e, posteriormente, foi realizada a orquiectomia. No pósoperatório, fez-se uso de amoxicicilina, cetoprofeno e tramadol. O paciente recebeu alta após 48 horas seguidas do ato cirúrgico, e corridos 12 dias, o animal não apresentou recidiva. Diante do caso relatado, pode-se concluir que a técnica de herniorrafia perineal com tela de polipropileno, associada à orquiectomia, constitui-se em procedimento eficaz sem apresentação de recidivas.(AU)

Perineal hernia results from the weakening and separation of the muscles that form thepelvic diaphragm, promoting caudal displacement of abdominal or pelvic organs in the perineum. The most common clinical signs include perineal region swelling, tenesmus, dyskinesia, urinary and / or fecal incontinence, anuria and emesis due to urinary and / or intestinal involvement. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, anamnesis, physical examination and complementary exams such as simple or contrast radiography and ultrasonography. The objective of this study was to report the surgical treatment for the correction of perineal hernia in a dog through the use of synthetic polypropylene mesh. A canine, German Shepherd dog, male, 36 kg and 7 years old, was submitted to the Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital (HVM), presenting symptoms of apathy, anorexia, tenesmus and an increase in the perianal region. Clinical suspicion of perianal hernia was confirmed by ultrasonographic examination. The surgical treatment was indicated by the herniorrhaphy technique with polypropylene mesh fixation. During the surgical procedure, a nodule was observed between the structures, which was removed and sent to the histopathological study. The result indicated an adipose tissue necrosis (adiponecrosis). In order to close the hernia hole, a polypropylene mesh was fixed with nylon 2.0 in a simple interrupted pattern and then the orchiectomy was performed. Postoperatively, amoxicillin, ketoprofen and tramadol were used. The patient was discharged 48 hours after the surgical procedure, and after 12 days, the animal did not present a recurrence. In view of thereported case, it can be concluded that the technique of perineal herniorrhaphy with polypropylene mesh, associated with orchiectomy, constitutes an effective procedure without relapses.(AU)

Hemangiosarcoma associated with polypropylene suture in a cat

Background: Sutures plays an important role in wound repair by providing hemostasis and support for healing suture. Synthetic non-absorbable like polypropylene suture materials induce minimal tissue reaction. Polypropylene has not been associated to neoplasms in domestic animals. The aim this study is to describe the first case of polypropylene suture induced hemangiosarcoma in an abdominal wall of a feline.Case: A 13-year-old female domestic shorthair cat was presented with a ventral abdominal subcutaneous mass. Clinical examination revealed a firm, rough, and irregular, approximately 6 x 4 cm subcutaneous mass involving the caudal ventral abdomen. A complete blood (cell) count (CBC) was within normal limits. Leukemia and FIV tests were negative; and the results of a chemistry panel revealed elevated creatinine (valor: 2.0 reference range: 0.5-1.9). Abdominal ultrasound revealed a large mass of mixed echogenicity in the mid-ventral abdomen cranial to the bladder, measuring approximately 6 x 4 cm in the middle line with suture deeply embedded within mass suggesting foreign body reaction or neoplasm. There was evidence of sutures (hyperechoic lines) along the caudal abdominal wall extending into the mass. Records indicated that ovariohysterectomy procedure was performed 12 years previously at the same clinic and the closure of the abdominal wall was made with polypropylene sutures. No other abdominal surgery was performed in this cat. A fine-needle aspirate of the mass and contrast-enhanced computed tomography was not performed due to owners finance restrains. The cat was referred to surgery and the mass was excised. No evidence of metastasis was noted during surgery. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were oval to round with granular cytoplasm and vesicular nucleus and exhibited moderate cellular and nuclear pleomorphism. A diagnosis of abdominal wall hemangiosarcoma was made with suture deeply embedded within mass. Surgical margins were clear. [...](AU)

Hemangiosarcoma associated with polypropylene suture in a cat

Background: Sutures plays an important role in wound repair by providing hemostasis and support for healing suture. Synthetic non-absorbable like polypropylene suture materials induce minimal tissue reaction. Polypropylene has not been associated to neoplasms in domestic animals. The aim this study is to describe the first case of polypropylene suture induced hemangiosarcoma in an abdominal wall of a feline.Case: A 13-year-old female domestic shorthair cat was presented with a ventral abdominal subcutaneous mass. Clinical examination revealed a firm, rough, and irregular, approximately 6 x 4 cm subcutaneous mass involving the caudal ventral abdomen. A complete blood (cell) count (CBC) was within normal limits. Leukemia and FIV tests were negative; and the results of a chemistry panel revealed elevated creatinine (valor: 2.0 reference range: 0.5-1.9). Abdominal ultrasound revealed a large mass of mixed echogenicity in the mid-ventral abdomen cranial to the bladder, measuring approximately 6 x 4 cm in the middle line with suture deeply embedded within mass suggesting foreign body reaction or neoplasm. There was evidence of sutures (hyperechoic lines) along the caudal abdominal wall extending into the mass. Records indicated that ovariohysterectomy procedure was performed 12 years previously at the same clinic and the closure of the abdominal wall was made with polypropylene sutures. No other abdominal surgery was performed in this cat. A fine-needle aspirate of the mass and contrast-enhanced computed tomography was not performed due to owner’s finance restrains. The cat was referred to surgery and the mass was excised. No evidence of metastasis was noted during surgery. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were oval to round with granular cytoplasm and vesicular nucleus and exhibited moderate cellular and nuclear pleomorphism. A diagnosis of abdominal wall hemangiosarcoma was made with suture deeply embedded within mass. Surgical margins were clear. [...]

Perineal hernia in dogs: which technique should we use?

Background: Perineal hernia may be unilateral or bilateral and results from weakening and separation of the pelvic diaphragm muscles, favoring the abdominal viscera herniation into the perineal subcutaneous. The factors described as possible etiology of this affection are prostate hyperplasia, senile muscular atrophy, myopathy and hormonal imbalances. Several herniorrhaphy techniques are available in literature presenting different rates of success leaving the question whether there is any technique that is predominantly better than others are. This case report aims to describe five cases of perineal hernia treated with four different techniques performed by four experienced surgeons.Cases: Case 1. Semitendinous muscle transposition: A 8-year-old intact male Shitzu (6 kg) was referred for the evaluation of a swelling in the right perineal region. The mass was soft and regressed into de pelvic cavity during palpation. Abdominal ultrasound and radiography were taken, which reveled perineal hernia and a mild prostate enlargement. The patient was prepared for hernia repair with semitendinous muscle transposition and orchiectomy. Case 2. Internal obturator muscle transposition: A 9-year-old intact male mixed breed dog (18kg) presenting a two-week long unilateral (right-side) perineral hernia. Ultrasound exam revealed a cystic prostate and adipose tissue as the hernia content. After clinical and image examination the patient was submitted to surgical repair using the internal obturator muscle transposition technique and orchiectomy. Case 3. Internal obturator muscle transposition associated to correction of rectal sacculation: A 12-year-old intact male mixed breed presenting swelling on the right side of the perianal region. The owner reported a 4-day long aquesia, emesis and increased volume in perineum for 6 months. During the rectal palpation, resected fecal content was present and rectal sacculation was suspected...

Perineal hernia in dogs: which technique should we use?

Background: Perineal hernia may be unilateral or bilateral and results from weakening and separation of the pelvic diaphragm muscles, favoring the abdominal viscera herniation into the perineal subcutaneous. The factors described as possible etiology of this affection are prostate hyperplasia, senile muscular atrophy, myopathy and hormonal imbalances. Several herniorrhaphy techniques are available in literature presenting different rates of success leaving the question whether there is any technique that is predominantly better than others are. This case report aims to describe five cases of perineal hernia treated with four different techniques performed by four experienced surgeons.Cases: Case 1. Semitendinous muscle transposition: A 8-year-old intact male Shitzu (6 kg) was referred for the evaluation of a swelling in the right perineal region. The mass was soft and regressed into de pelvic cavity during palpation. Abdominal ultrasound and radiography were taken, which reveled perineal hernia and a mild prostate enlargement. The patient was prepared for hernia repair with semitendinous muscle transposition and orchiectomy. Case 2. Internal obturator muscle transposition: A 9-year-old intact male mixed breed dog (18kg) presenting a two-week long unilateral (right-side) perineral hernia. Ultrasound exam revealed a cystic prostate and adipose tissue as the hernia content. After clinical and image examination the patient was submitted to surgical repair using the internal obturator muscle transposition technique and orchiectomy. Case 3. Internal obturator muscle transposition associated to correction of rectal sacculation: A 12-year-old intact male mixed breed presenting swelling on the right side of the perianal region. The owner reported a 4-day long aquesia, emesis and increased volume in perineum for 6 months. During the rectal palpation, resected fecal content was present and rectal sacculation was suspected...(AU)

Ação de sanitizantes no controle de biofilmes puros e mistos de Listeria monocytogenes e Salmonella Typhimurium em superfície de polipropileno

O processo produtivo em estabelecimentos de produtos de origem animal está relacionado com a presença de bactérias patogênicas e deteriorantes, mesmo em ambientes controlados. Alguns micro-organismos patogênicos possuem a capacidade de adesão e formação de biofilmes em superfícies de diferentes naturezas, com consequente persistência e contaminação cruzada, o que oferece riscos para a saúde pública. Estas estruturas, em condições naturais, normalmente envolvem diversas espécies bacterianas e proporcionam interações complexas que podem comprometer a eficácia dos sanitizantes utilizados na higienização industrial. Aliado a isso, poucos estudos são direcionados para a tolerância conferida por biofilmes mistos, além de pouco se comparar as diferenças entre biofilmes mistos e puros. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a ação da biguanida e do ácido peracético em diferentes concentrações sobre biofilmes puros e mistos formados por L. monocytogenes e S. Typhimurium. Para isso, foram utilizadas três cepas de L. monocytogenes e uma de S. Typhimurium, todas isoladas do mesmo ambiente de processamento de carne suína em estudos prévios. Inicialmente, foi determinada a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) das culturas puras e mistas para os dois sanitizantes sobre células planctônicas. Os biofilmes foram induzidos em polipropileno com as culturas puras e mistas e incubados a 12°C e 37°C. Após 120 horas de formação, os biofilmes foram tratados com a CIM e as concentrações mínimas e máximas recomendadas. Também foi realizada microscopia eletrônica de varredura para observação das estruturas e da ação dos sanitizantes. Todos os isolados testados apresentaram a mesma CIM para a biguanida (0,05%) e para o ácido peracético (0,02%). Todas as concentrações testadas resultaram em menores populações residuais quando comparadas aos controles positivos (p<0,05), contudo, nenhum tratamento foi capaz de eliminar totalmente as células bacterianas em biofilme. Os biofilmes puros de L. monocytogenes foram mais populosos do que o respectivo patógeno em biofilmes mistos com S. Typhimurium, porém em geral resultaram em menores populações residuais após os tratamentos. Este resultado torna possível inferir que S. Typhimurium conferiu efeito protetor à L. monocytogenes em culturas mistas. Além disso, a formação de biofilmes foi semelhante para culturas puras e mistas, mas as populações residuais após os tratamentos foram maiores em biofilmes mistos, na maioria das combinações. O ácido peracético se mostrou mais eficaz na redução dos biofilmes do que a biguanida em suas CIM. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostrou uma arquitetura mais complexa em biofilmes mistos, que pode justificar a proteção de L. monocytogenes conferida por S. Typhimurium e também o maior número de células das culturas mistas após a maioria dos tratamentos, que foi possível observar tanto na contagem em placas, quanto na microscopia. Assim, apesar da diferença significativa entre populações residuais e os controles, neste estudo os patógenos apresentaram uma interação positiva em culturas mistas, o que reforça a importância do monitoramento dos protocolos de higienização e de estudos para proporcionar medidas de controle de biofilmes cada vez mais eficazes e que não induzam à tolerância.

The production process in establishments of animal products is related to the presence of pathogenic and deteriorating bacteria, even in controlled environments. Some pathogenic microorganisms have the ability to adhere and form biofilms to surfaces of different natures, with consequent persistence and cross contamination, which poses risks to public health. These structures, under natural conditions, usually involve several bacterial species and provide complex interactions that can compromise the effectiveness of the sanitizers used in industrial hygiene. Allied to this, few studies are directed to the tolerance conferred by mixed biofilms, in addition to little comparing the differences between mixed and pure biofilms. Thus, the objective of the work was to evaluate the action of biguanide and peracetic acid in different concentrations on pure and mixed biofilms formed by L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimurium. For this, three strains of L. monocytogenes and one of S. Typhimurium were used, all isolated from the same pork processing environment in previous studies. Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of pure and mixed cultures was determined for the two sanitizers on planktonic cells. Biofilms were induced in polypropylene with pure and mixed cultures and incubated at 12 ° C and 37 ° C. After 120 hours of training, biofilms were treated with MIC and the recommended minimum and maximum concentrations. Scanning electron microscopy was also performed to observe the structures and action of sanitizers. All tested isolates showed the same MIC for biguanide (0.05%) and peracetic acid (0.02%). All concentrations tested resulted in smaller residual populations when compared to positive controls (p<0.05), however, no treatment was able to completely eliminate bacterial cells in biofilm. The pure biofilms of L. monocytogenes were more populous than the respective pathogen in biofilms mixed with S. Typhimurium, but in general resulted in smaller residual populations after treatments. This result makes it possible to infer that S. Typhimurium conferred a protective effect to L. monocytogenes in mixed cultures. In addition, biofilm formation was similar for pure and mixed cultures, but residual populations after treatments were higher in mixed biofilms in most combinations. Peracetic acid was shown to be more effective in reducing biofilms than biguanide in its MIC. Scanning electron microscopy showed a more complex architecture in mixed biofilms, which may justify the protection of L. monocytogenes conferred by S. Typhimurium and also the greater number of cells from mixed cultures after most treatments, which was possible to observe both in plate count and microscopy. Thus, despite the significant difference between residual populations and controls, in this study pathogens showed a positive interaction in mixed cultures, which reinforces the importance of monitoring hygiene protocols and studies to provide increasingly effective biofilm control measures and that do not induce tolerance.

Essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. as natural sanitizer for controlling the sessile bacteria and as antimicrobial on the food-cutting surfaces / Óleo essencial de Rosmarinus officinalis L. como sanitizante natural para controle de bactérias sésseis em superfície utilizada para corte de alimentos

The objective of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) by using broth macro-dilution method in essential oil (EO) of Rosmarinus officinalis L. on the standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Choleraesuis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity of EO solutions on these bacteria adhered to the polypropylene surface used for cutting food was also evaluated, after 12 h at 37º C under shaking on. The sanitizers EO solutions were formulated based on MBC findings, separately for each bacterial strain. The sanitizing action of the solutions on the bacterial cells-adhered surface was evaluated after being contacted for 20 and 40 min. For E. coli, S. Choleraesuis and P. aeruginosa, the contact for 20 min was sufficient for inducing complete elimination of adhered cells, and S. aureus populations were significantly reduced at both evaluated periods of time. The EO of R. officinalis may represent as natural alternative form to carry out the pathogenic and contaminants bacteria control in food industry.(AU)

Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar as concentrações mínimas inibitórias (CMI) e as concentrações bactericidas mínimas (CBM) pela técnica de macrodiluição em caldo do óleo essencial (OE) de Rosmarinus officinalis L. sobre as cepas padrões de Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Choleraesuis e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Avaliou-se também a ação antibacteriana de soluções do OE sobre estes micro-organismos aderidos, por 12 h a 37º C sob agitação, em superfície de polipropileno utilizada para corte de alimentos. As soluções sanitizantes de OE foram formuladas com base nos valores encontrados nas CBM, para cada estirpe bacteriana separadamente. A ação sanitizante da solução contra as células aderidas à superfície foi avaliada após 20 e 40 minutos de contato. Para E. coli, S. Choleraesuis e P. aeruginosa, o tempo de 20 minutos de contato foi suficiente para a remoção total das células aderidas, e para S. aureus houve redução significativa para ambos os períodos avaliados. O OE de alecrim pode ser considerado como alternativa natural para realizar o controle de bactérias patogênicas e contaminantes na indústria de alimentos.(AU)

EMPREGO DE TÚNICA ALBUGÍNEA OVINA COMO REFORÇO DE PAREDE ABDOMINAL EM RATOS

Hérnias são umas das afecções que mais acometem os pequenos e grandes animais, podendo ter origem traumática ou não. Estas afecções, geralmente, necessitam de um reparo cirúrgico o mais rápido possível, devido ao fato de suas conseqüências poderem levar o animal ao óbito. Alguns estudos têm avaliado o comportamento da túnica albugínea como biomaterial de enxertia para reforço de parede abdominal, obtendo resultados favoráveis. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o comportamento do enxerto de túnica albugínea ovina e da tela de polipropileno comparando-os, juntamente ao grupo simulação, por meio da análise macroscópica e microscópica da parede abdominal de ratos. Foram selecionados 75 ratos da raça Wistar, os quais foram divididos em três grupos de 25 animais, sendo um grupo simulação (S), um grupo teste (TA), onde os animais receberam reforço de parede abdominal com túnica albugínea ovina e um grupo teste (TP), onde os animais receberam reforço de parede abdominal com tela de polipropileno. Cada grupo foi dividido em cinco subgrupos contendo cinco animais, que foram submetidos à eutanásia nos dias 7, 14, 21, 28 e 42. Nos animais do grupo TP observou-se 16% dos animais com aspecto insatisfatório da ferida cirúrgica, enquanto que no grupo TA o percentual foi de 8%. Na avaliação histopatológica das amostras observou-se no grupo TA maior infiltrado inflamatório, neovascularização, deposição de colágeno e fibrose do que nos animais do grupo TP, concluindo assim que a túnica albugínea ovina é um biomaterial que funciona como substrato e promove uma precocidade da cicatrização de parede abdominal de ratos.

Hernias are some of the diseases that most affect the small and large animals, and may have traumatic origin or not. These conditions usually require a surgical repair as soon as possible, due to the fact the consequences could take the animal to death. Some studies have evaluated the behavior of the tunica albuginea as a biomaterial for grafting abdominal wall reinforcement, obtaining favorable results. This study aims to evaluate the behavior of the graft ovine tunica albuginea and polypropylene mesh comparing them along the simulation group, through macroscopic and microscopic examination of the abdominal wall of rats. We selected 75 Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups of 25 animals, being a simulation group (S), a test group (TA), where animals received abdominal wall reinforcement with ovine tunica albuginea and a test group (TP), where the animals received abdominal wall reinforcement with polypropylene mesh. Each group was divided into five subgroups with five animals that were sacrificed on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42. In animals from TP group was observed 16% of the animals with unsatisfactory aspect of the surgical wound, while in TA group the percentage was 8%. The histopathological evaluation of the samples was observed in the TA group most inflammatory infiltration, neovascularization, collagen deposition, and fibrosis than in the animals of TP group, thus concluding that the ovine tunica albuginea is a biomaterial that acts as substrate and promotes precocity healing abdominal wall of rats.

CORREÇÃO DE FENDA PALATINA COM REVESTIMENTO DE TELA DE POLIPROPILENO ASSOCIADA A CÉLULAS-TRONCO MESENQUIMAIS DE TECIDO ADIPOSO E SELANTE DE FIBRINA EM SUÍNOS: ESTUDO IN VITRO E IN VIVO

As fissuras palatinas são problemas frequentes na rotina hospitalar em humanos assim como nos animais. Nas últimas décadas, diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas foram empregadas para a correção dos defeitos palatinos, entretanto, não possuem uma eficácia satisfatória em fendas que apresentam um grande defeito ósseo. Através do exposto acima, buscam-se novas alternativas para a reconstrução de fendas palatinas, sendo a engenharia de tecidos uma alternativa de tratamento para tal afecção. Este estudo possui a finalidade de avaliar a utilização da tela de polipropileno acrescida com MSC (células-tronco mesenquimais) e selante de fibrina em um modelo experimental de correção de fenda palatina em suínos, avaliando-se a cicatrização de tecido mucoso e ósseo do palato duro. Com isso, objetiva-se desenvolver uma nova técnica de reconstrução de fendas palatinas baseada na engenharia de tecidos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas, uma in vitro e outra in vivo. O projeto in vitro avaliou duas técnicas de cultivo de MSC em diferentes placas de cultura, utilizando dois tipos de telas de polipropileno (macroporosa e microporosa) durante um período de quinze dias, para obter as melhores condições de interação entre a tela e as células. Em tod as as formas de cultivo houve aderências das MSC, entretanto, o melhor protocolo foi na tela microporosa no período de sete dias de cultivo e em placas sem metacrilato . Para o estudo in vivo, foram utilizados 12 suínos, distribuídos em quatro grupos de igual número: grupo que utilizou somente tela de polipropileno (GT); t ela de polipropileno associada à MSC e selante de fibrina (GTCF); tela de polipropileno e MSC (GTC); tela de polipropileno e selante de fibrina (GTF). Em todos os animais foi realizada a fenda palatina e colocação do enxerto conforme cada grupo. Os suínos foram avaliados quanto à presença de inflamação, cicatrização e deiscência de sutura no implante do palato. Após quinze dias os animais foram eutanasiados e os palatos avaliados por histologia pela coloração de HE e Picrosirius Red. A tela de polipropileno associada com MSC demonstrou ser melhor, entre os demais protocolos estudados neste trabalho, para correção de fenda palatina. Forneceu completa cicatrização óssea e da mucosa oral e nasal em um período de quinze dias, demonstrando ser uma nova técnica segura e eficaz, possuindo um potencial significativo para correção de fenda palatina.

Cleft palates are common problems in the hospital routine in humans and animals. In recent decades, different surgical t echniques were employed for the correction of palatal defects, however, do not have a satisfactory efficacy in cracks that have a large bone defect. Through the above, seek new alternatives for the reconstruction of cleft palates, and tissue engineering an alternative treatment for this condition. This study has the purpose of evaluating the use of enhanced polypropylene mesh with MSC (mesenchymal stem cell) and fibrin sealant in an experimental model of cleft palate repair in pigs, assessing the healing of mucosal tissue and bone of the hard palate. Thus, the objective is to develop a new technique for reconstruction of cleft palates based on tissue engineering. The study was conducted in two stages, one in vitro and another in vivo. The project in vitro evaluated two MSC cultivation techniques in different culture plates using two types of polypropylene meshes (macroporous and microporous) over a period of fifteen days, to get the best conditions for interaction between the screen and the cells. In all forms of cultivation were MSC adhesions; however the best protocol was the microporous screen in the seven days of culture plates and without methacrylate. For the in vivo study, we used 12 pigs, divided into four equal groups: group using only polypropylene mesh (GT); polypropylene mesh associated with MSC and fibrin sealant (GTCF); polypropylene mesh associated with MSC (GTC); polypropylene mesh and fibrin sealant (GTF). In all animals was performed cleft palate and graft placement as each group. The pigs were evaluated for the presence of inflammation, scarring and wound dehiscence in the palatal implant. After fifteen days the animals were euthanized and palates assessed by histology staining by HE and Sirius Red. The polypropylene mesh associated with MSC proved to be the best, among others protocols studied in this work, to cleft palate correction. Provided complete bone healing and oral and nasal mucosa in a period of fifteen days, proving to be a new safe and effective technique, having a significant potential for cleft palate correction.

Substituição dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal em cães por duplo implante de polipropileno

The objective of this study is to point out an effective alternative in the treatment of the cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments rupture in dogs, with no association of external immobilization. Six dogs with rupture of both cruciate ligaments were included in the present study. Stifle joint was surgically stabilized by an intracapsular technique, using two polypropylene synthetic implants. The animals returned to full member support in 11.8±3.5 days and did not sustain any joint instability degree after 0, 30 and 90 days of clinical evaluation after surgery. At 90 days after surgery, it became apparent lameness in any of the six patients. It was concluded that the technique employed caused total joint stability in the absence of caudal and cranial cruciate ligaments.

O objetivo deste trabalho é salientar uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento da ruptura dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal de cães, sem associação de imobilização externa. Foram atendidos seis animais portadores de ruptura de ambos os ligamentos cruzados. Optou-se pela correção cirúrgica intracapsular, utilizando-se dois implantes sintéticos de polipropileno, para a estabilização da articulação. Os pacientes retornaram ao apoio completo do membro em 11,8±3,5 dias e não mantiveram instabilidade articular, após 0, 30 e 90 dias de avaliação clínica pós-operatória. Aos 90 dias após a cirurgia, não se percebeu claudicação nos pacientes avaliados. Concluiu-se que a técnica utilizada promoveu total estabilidade articular na ausência dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal.

Thermal performance of sisal fiber-cement roofing tiles for rural constructions

Roofing provides the main protection against direct solar radiation in animal housing. Appropriate thermal properties of roofing materials tend to improve the thermal comfort in the inner ambient. Nonasbestos fiber-cement roofing components reinforced with cellulose pulp from sisal (Agave sisalana) were produced by slurry and dewatering techniques, with an optional addition of polypropylene fibers. Nonasbestos tiles were evaluated and compared with commercially available asbestos-cement sheets and ceramic tiles (frequently chosen as roofing materials for animal housing). Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of tiles were determined by the parallel hot-wire method, along with the evaluation of the downside surface temperature. Cement-based components reinforced with sisal pulp presented better thermal performance at room temperature (25ºC), while those reinforced with sisal pulp added by polypropylene fibers presented better thermal performance at 60ºC. Non-asbestos cement tiles provided more efficient protection against radiation than asbestos corrugated sheets.

O telhado fornece a principal proteção contra a radiação solar direta em galpões para animais. Propriedades térmicas apropriadas dos materiais contribuem para o melhor conforto térmico no interior das construções. Telhas sem amianto reforçadas com polpa de celulose de sisal (Agave sisalana) e com adição opcional de fibras de polipropileno foram produzidas pela técnica de mistura e sucção do excesso de água. Telhas corrugadas de cimento amianto, telhas cerâmicas e telhas à base de cimento reforçadas com polpa de celulose (com ou sem adição de fibras sintéticas) foram comparadas quanto às suas propriedades térmicas. A condutividade térmica e a difusividade térmica foram determinadas pelo método do fio quente paralelo, assim como a temperatura da superfície inferior das telhas foi avaliada em diferentes períodos. Telhas de cimento reforçados com polpa de sisal apresentaram as melhores propriedades térmicas em temperatura ambiente (25ºC), enquanto aquelas reforçadas com polpa de sisal associada a fibras de polipropileno apresentaram melhor desempenho térmico a 60ºC. As telhas sem amianto forneceram proteção mais eficiente contra a radiação térmica do que as telhas corrugadas de amianto.

Substituição dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal em cães por duplo implante de polipropileno

The objective of this study is to point out an effective alternative in the treatment of the cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments rupture in dogs, with no association of external immobilization. Six dogs with rupture of both cruciate ligaments were included in the present study. Stifle joint was surgically stabilized by an intracapsular technique, using two polypropylene synthetic implants. The animals returned to full member support in 11.8±3.5 days and did not sustain any joint instability degree after 0, 30 and 90 days of clinical evaluation after surgery. At 90 days after surgery, it became apparent lameness in any of the six patients. It was concluded that the technique employed caused total joint stability in the absence of caudal and cranial cruciate ligaments.

O objetivo deste trabalho é salientar uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento da ruptura dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal de cães, sem associação de imobilização externa. Foram atendidos seis animais portadores de ruptura de ambos os ligamentos cruzados. Optou-se pela correção cirúrgica intracapsular, utilizando-se dois implantes sintéticos de polipropileno, para a estabilização da articulação. Os pacientes retornaram ao apoio completo do membro em 11,8±3,5 dias e não mantiveram instabilidade articular, após 0, 30 e 90 dias de avaliação clínica pós-operatória. Aos 90 dias após a cirurgia, não se percebeu claudicação nos pacientes avaliados. Concluiu-se que a técnica utilizada promoveu total estabilidade articular na ausência dos ligamentos cruzados cranial e caudal.

Thermal performance of sisal fiber-cement roofing tiles for rural constructions

Roofing provides the main protection against direct solar radiation in animal housing. Appropriate thermal properties of roofing materials tend to improve the thermal comfort in the inner ambient. Nonasbestos fiber-cement roofing components reinforced with cellulose pulp from sisal (Agave sisalana) were produced by slurry and dewatering techniques, with an optional addition of polypropylene fibers. Nonasbestos tiles were evaluated and compared with commercially available asbestos-cement sheets and ceramic tiles (frequently chosen as roofing materials for animal housing). Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of tiles were determined by the parallel hot-wire method, along with the evaluation of the downside surface temperature. Cement-based components reinforced with sisal pulp presented better thermal performance at room temperature (25ºC), while those reinforced with sisal pulp added by polypropylene fibers presented better thermal performance at 60ºC. Non-asbestos cement tiles provided more efficient protection against radiation than asbestos corrugated sheets.

O telhado fornece a principal proteção contra a radiação solar direta em galpões para animais. Propriedades térmicas apropriadas dos materiais contribuem para o melhor conforto térmico no interior das construções. Telhas sem amianto reforçadas com polpa de celulose de sisal (Agave sisalana) e com adição opcional de fibras de polipropileno foram produzidas pela técnica de mistura e sucção do excesso de água. Telhas corrugadas de cimento amianto, telhas cerâmicas e telhas à base de cimento reforçadas com polpa de celulose (com ou sem adição de fibras sintéticas) foram comparadas quanto às suas propriedades térmicas. A condutividade térmica e a difusividade térmica foram determinadas pelo método do fio quente paralelo, assim como a temperatura da superfície inferior das telhas foi avaliada em diferentes períodos. Telhas de cimento reforçados com polpa de sisal apresentaram as melhores propriedades térmicas em temperatura ambiente (25ºC), enquanto aquelas reforçadas com polpa de sisal associada a fibras de polipropileno apresentaram melhor desempenho térmico a 60ºC. As telhas sem amianto forneceram proteção mais eficiente contra a radiação térmica do que as telhas corrugadas de amianto.

Implante sintético como estabilizador articular, após desmotomia dos ligamentos cruzados de cães: proposição de técnica

The ligament rupture (LC) is an illness diagnosed in most dogs with joint problems, and the most common cause of degenerative joint disease of the knee joint. This study aimed to evaluate clinically the action of a polypropylene mesh as the only substitute for cranial cruciate ligament and flow of dogs, highlighting features of the technique proposed here. It was used 20 dogs which underwent unilateral desmotomy cranial and caudal LC. Twenty-one days after the desmotomy, all were treated surgically by the technique of open reduction, with implantation of polypropylene replacing only the cranial LC. The proposed technique has shown rapid implementation and low soft tissue dissection, early return to ambulation, adequate strength of the implant without associated external immobilization and absence of articular reaction until 90 days after surgery.

A ruptura do ligamento cruzado (LC) é uma enfermidade diagnosticada em grande parte dos cães com problemas articulares, sendo a causa mais comum de afecção articular degenerativa da articulação do joelho. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar clinicamente a ação da malha de polipropileno como único substituto do LC cranial e caudal de cães, ressaltando particularidades da técnica aqui proposta. Foram utilizados 20 cães, submetidos à desmotomia unilateral dos LC cranial e caudal. Vinte e um dias após a ruptura, todos foram tratados cirurgicamente pela técnica de redução aberta, com o implante de polipropileno substituindo apenas o LC cranial. A técnica proposta demonstrou rápida execução e pouca dissecação de tecidos moles, retorno precoce à deambulação, resistência adequada do implante sem associação de imobilização externa e ausência de reação articular até os 90 dias de pós-operatório.

Implante sintético como estabilizador articular, após desmotomia dos ligamentos cruzados de cães: proposição de técnica

The ligament rupture (LC) is an illness diagnosed in most dogs with joint problems, and the most common cause of degenerative joint disease of the knee joint. This study aimed to evaluate clinically the action of a polypropylene mesh as the only substitute for cranial cruciate ligament and flow of dogs, highlighting features of the technique proposed here. It was used 20 dogs which underwent unilateral desmotomy cranial and caudal LC. Twenty-one days after the desmotomy, all were treated surgically by the technique of open reduction, with implantation of polypropylene replacing only the cranial LC. The proposed technique has shown rapid implementation and low soft tissue dissection, early return to ambulation, adequate strength of the implant without associated external immobilization and absence of articular reaction until 90 days after surgery.

A ruptura do ligamento cruzado (LC) é uma enfermidade diagnosticada em grande parte dos cães com problemas articulares, sendo a causa mais comum de afecção articular degenerativa da articulação do joelho. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar clinicamente a ação da malha de polipropileno como único substituto do LC cranial e caudal de cães, ressaltando particularidades da técnica aqui proposta. Foram utilizados 20 cães, submetidos à desmotomia unilateral dos LC cranial e caudal. Vinte e um dias após a ruptura, todos foram tratados cirurgicamente pela técnica de redução aberta, com o implante de polipropileno substituindo apenas o LC cranial. A técnica proposta demonstrou rápida execução e pouca dissecação de tecidos moles, retorno precoce à deambulação, resistência adequada do implante sem associação de imobilização externa e ausência de reação articular até os 90 dias de pós-operatório.