Resumo
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of nano-selenium (NS) on growth performance, antioxidant activity, biochemical parameters, and selenium content in Landes geese. A total of 120 80-week-old healthy Landes geese (4.44±0.03 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups, each with four replicates of 10 birds. The control birds were fed a basal diet without further dietary supplementation (0.0 mg/kg of NS) and the two experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with dietary NS at 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg of feed. The results demonstrated that NS dietary supplementation had no significant effect on growth performance. Increased total superoxide dismutase activity in serum, breast muscle and liver, glutathione peroxidase level in serum and liver, and catalase in breast muscle and liver were observed for both NS supplemented groups. Additionally, reduced malondialdehyde in serum, breast muscle, and liver was detected in both NS-supplemented groups. Compared with the control, the birds fed diets supplemented with NS had lower concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased. Furthermore, increased selenium, especially in the liver, was found in groups with dietary supplementation of NS. These findings suggest the supplementation of NS in diets can improve antioxidant status, biochemical parameters, and tissue selenium content, although it has no significant effect on growth performance of Landes geese.
Assuntos
Animais , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Dieta/veterinária , Gansos , AntioxidantesResumo
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the probiotic effects of different concentrations of four selected native Lactobacillus strains on the growth performance and serum biochemical parameters of Japanese quails. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, including seven probiotic treatments with four replicates of 20 quails each, totaling 560 quails. Treatments were applied for five weeks. Four native Lactobacillus strains were anaerobically grown in a 10-L batch fermenter and lyophilized (1010 CFU/g). Treatments were as follows: T1: control (basal diet); T2: commercial probiotic CP1; T3: commercial probiotic CP2; and T4, T5, T6, and T7: four native strains added at levels of 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/ton diet, respectively. The native probiotics significantly improved body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the starter, finisher, and overall periods (35 days) (p 0.05), whereas no significant effect was observed on feed intake. The native strains significantly influenced the serum glucose, total protein, globulin, phosphorus, uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL/HDL ratio, white blood cell counts (WBC), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of quails during the rearing period (p 0.05), whereas treatments had no influence (p>0.05) on blood cholesterol, calcium, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or hemoglobin (HB) levels or on red blood cell counts (RBC). The cecal and small intestine samples of the quails fed the native Lactobacillus strains contained significantly higher Lactobacillus spp. and lower E. coli populations compared with the control diet and those supplemented with commercial probiotics. It was concluded that the use of the native Lactobacillus strains (150 g/ton diet) promoted the best performance of Japanese quails.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Coturnix/imunologia , Coturnix/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Probióticos , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/citologiaResumo
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the probiotic effects of different concentrations of four selected native Lactobacillus strains on the growth performance and serum biochemical parameters of Japanese quails. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, including seven probiotic treatments with four replicates of 20 quails each, totaling 560 quails. Treatments were applied for five weeks. Four native Lactobacillus strains were anaerobically grown in a 10-L batch fermenter and lyophilized (1010 CFU/g). Treatments were as follows: T1: control (basal diet); T2: commercial probiotic CP1; T3: commercial probiotic CP2; and T4, T5, T6, and T7: four native strains added at levels of 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/ton diet, respectively. The native probiotics significantly improved body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the starter, finisher, and overall periods (35 days) (p 0.05), whereas no significant effect was observed on feed intake. The native strains significantly influenced the serum glucose, total protein, globulin, phosphorus, uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL/HDL ratio, white blood cell counts (WBC), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of quails during the rearing period (p 0.05), whereas treatments had no influence (p>0.05) on blood cholesterol, calcium, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or hemoglobin (HB) levels or on red blood cell counts (RBC). The cecal and small intestine samples of the quails fed the native Lactobacillus strains contained significantly higher Lactobacillus spp. and lower E. coli populations compared with the control diet and those supplemented with commercial probiotics. It was concluded that the use of the native Lactobacillus strains (150 g/ton diet) promoted the best performance of Japanese quails.
Assuntos
Animais , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Coturnix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Coturnix/imunologia , Coturnix/metabolismo , Probióticos , Lactobacillus/citologia , Lactobacillus/químicaResumo
Background: Feed restriction is limiting feed in one period of breeding and has advantages such as decreasing ascite and sudden death syndrome. During feed restriction, colonization of pathogens . A great number of researches have shown the positive effects of feed restriction or prebiotic on performance in separate, but few have been done on their effects on blood parameters, especially in pathogen challenging condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of prebiotic and feed restriction, alone and together, on serum biochemical parameters of broilers under microbial stress caused by Salmonella enterica challenge.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 320 male broilers (Ross 308) at a2×2×2 factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design were divided into eight treatment groups with four replicates per each. The impact of main effects of prebiotic, feed restriction and Salmonella challenge and their interactions on serum parameters were measured at days 21 and 42 of age. The addition of prebiotic to diet decreased serum cholesterol (P < 0.01) and low density lipoprotein (P < 0.01), but increased high density lipoprotein (P < 0.05), total protein (P < 0.05) and albumin (P < 0.05) at day 42 of age. The feed restriction increased triglyceride (P < 0.001) at day 21 of age. The Salmonella challenge decreased total protein (P < 0.01) and albumin (P < 0.01) at day 21 of age. Interaction between prebiotic and feed restriction on serum high density lipoprotein (P < 0.05) at day 42 of age, and the interaction between feed restriction and Salmonella challenge on serum high density lipoprotein (P < 0.05) and interaction among prebiotic, feed restriction and Salmonella challenge on serum glucose (P < 0.05) at day 21 of age were significant. Serum uric acid was not affected by the main effects and their interactions (P > 0.05).[...](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Prebióticos/administração & dosagem , Dieta/veterinária , Galinhas/metabolismo , Salmonella enterica , Biomarcadores/sangue , Ascite/veterinária , Ascite/prevenção & controle , Morte Súbita/prevenção & controle , Morte Súbita/veterináriaResumo
Background: Feed restriction is limiting feed in one period of breeding and has advantages such as decreasing ascite and sudden death syndrome. During feed restriction, colonization of pathogens . A great number of researches have shown the positive effects of feed restriction or prebiotic on performance in separate, but few have been done on their effects on blood parameters, especially in pathogen challenging condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of prebiotic and feed restriction, alone and together, on serum biochemical parameters of broilers under microbial stress caused by Salmonella enterica challenge.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 320 male broilers (Ross 308) at a2×2×2 factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design were divided into eight treatment groups with four replicates per each. The impact of main effects of prebiotic, feed restriction and Salmonella challenge and their interactions on serum parameters were measured at days 21 and 42 of age. The addition of prebiotic to diet decreased serum cholesterol (P 0.05).[...]
Assuntos
Animais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Dieta/veterinária , Galinhas/metabolismo , Prebióticos/administração & dosagem , Salmonella enterica , Ascite/prevenção & controle , Ascite/veterinária , Morte Súbita/prevenção & controle , Morte Súbita/veterináriaResumo
This paper aims to describe the hematological and biochemical values of wild hybrid marmoset (Callithrix penicillata and C. geoffroyi) found in a forest zone of Southeastern Brazil. The marmosets were anaesthetized using ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride. Blood samples (0.5-1mL) were collected through the venipuncture of the femoral vein. Hematological and biochemical analyses were performed using automated counters and biochemical kits. The comparison for sex (adult males vs. adult females) and age class (juvenile vs. adult) physiological data and weight were analyzed through Student's t-test for independent samples. Significant differences between sex were observed in erythrocytes (P 0.01) and hemoglobin (P 0.05). The present study provides essential baseline information on the normal blood values of wild hybrid marmosets, the data of which are not readily accessible from the existing body of scientific literature on nonhuman primates.(AU)
Este artigo objetiva descrever os valores hematológicos e bioquímicos de saguis híbridos selvagens (Callithrix penicillata e C. geoffroyi) encontrados em uma zona florestal do Sudeste do Brasil. Os saguis foram anestesiados usando cetamina e hidrocloridrato de xilazina. As amostras de sangue (0,5-1mL) foram coletadas por punção da veia femoral. As análises hematológicas e bioquímicas foram realizadas por meio de contadores automáticos e kits bioquímicos. A comparação dos dados fisiológicos e pesos para o gênero (machos vs. fêmeas) e a classe de idade (juvenil vs. adulto) foram analisados através do teste t de Student para amostras independentes. Observaram-se diferenças significativas de gênero para eritrócitos (P 0,01) e hemoglobina (P 0,05). O presente estudo fornece informação básica essencial sobre os valores hematológicos normais de saguis híbridos selvagens, dados que não são prontamente disponíveis na literatura científica atual sobre primatas não humanos.(AU)