Systematization, Description and Territory of The Middle and Rostral Cerebral Arteries in Broad-Snouted Caimans (Caiman latirostris)

Background: Information on the arterial vascularization of the broad-snouted caimans’ brain (Caiman latirostris), a specie from the Brazilian fauna, is inexistent and the literature consulted yielded only one description about the development of embryonic circulation and post-birth cerebrovascular alterations in the brain of three caymans. The objective of this study was to describe and systematize the cerebral arterial vascularization of this reptile, by providing a standard irrigation model with its major variations, in addition to determining its territorial vascular areas. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty heads of male broad-snouted caimans (Caiman latirostris), with the neck segment, were used in the study. Additionally, two whole female and male specimens, with approximately 3 years of age and weighing between 8 to 10 Kg were also used. The animals were sacrificed according to routine slaughterhouse norms. The heads were sectioned at the third cervical vertebra level and the azygos carotid artery was cannulated. The arterial system was washed with 0.9% saline solution and filled with red-colored latex. The pieces were fixed in formaldehyde and the encephalon removed through a window made in the cranial vault, which was followed by removal of the dura mater and dissection of the arteries. The internal carotid arteries displayed an intercarotic anastomosis in the samples examined, continuing rostrally in 100% of the cases, exiting from the skull as the internal ophthalmic artery. The internal carotid arteries divided into a rostral branch and a short caudal branch at the hypophysis level, which continued naturally as the caudal cerebral artery. The rostral branch from both right and left antimeres was shown as a single branch in 86.7% and as double branch in 13.3% of the samples, and it formed the middle cerebral artery network(...)

Systematization, Description and Territory of The Middle and Rostral Cerebral Arteries in Broad-Snouted Caimans (Caiman latirostris)

Background: Information on the arterial vascularization of the broad-snouted caimans brain (Caiman latirostris), a specie from the Brazilian fauna, is inexistent and the literature consulted yielded only one description about the development of embryonic circulation and post-birth cerebrovascular alterations in the brain of three caymans. The objective of this study was to describe and systematize the cerebral arterial vascularization of this reptile, by providing a standard irrigation model with its major variations, in addition to determining its territorial vascular areas. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty heads of male broad-snouted caimans (Caiman latirostris), with the neck segment, were used in the study. Additionally, two whole female and male specimens, with approximately 3 years of age and weighing between 8 to 10 Kg were also used. The animals were sacrificed according to routine slaughterhouse norms. The heads were sectioned at the third cervical vertebra level and the azygos carotid artery was cannulated. The arterial system was washed with 0.9% saline solution and filled with red-colored latex. The pieces were fixed in formaldehyde and the encephalon removed through a window made in the cranial vault, which was followed by removal of the dura mater and dissection of the arteries. The internal carotid arteries displayed an intercarotic anastomosis in the samples examined, continuing rostrally in 100% of the cases, exiting from the skull as the internal ophthalmic artery. The internal carotid arteries divided into a rostral branch and a short caudal branch at the hypophysis level, which continued naturally as the caudal cerebral artery. The rostral branch from both right and left antimeres was shown as a single branch in 86.7% and as double branch in 13.3% of the samples, and it formed the middle cerebral artery network(...)(AU)

Anatomia das artérias pericalosas do encéfalo de primata neotropical e seus ramos frontais e parietais (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1766) / Anatomy of the pericalosum artery of the encephalon of the neotropical primates and his frontal and parietal branches (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1766)

Estudou-se no primata Cebus apella a anatomia das artérias pericalosas e seus ramos em trinta hemisférios cerebrais dissecados sob lupa injetados com látex corado (Neoprene 450) e fixados em formol a 10 por cento. As artérias pericalosas nos dois antímeros representaram ramos de bifurcação terminal da artéria inter-hemisférica em quatro diferentes arranjos, com ramos distribuídos para as seguintes regiões corticais: fronto polar, um ramo; frontal superior, de um a dois ramos; pré-central, de um a quatro ramos; pós-central, de um a quatro ramos. As atérias contribuíram para vascularizar as regiões pré e pós-central, onde seus ramos se superpuseram aos ramos da artéria inter-hemisférica, demonstrando a importância funcional desta área. Os vasos pericalosos terminaram se distribuindo na região parietal medial do encéfalo deste primata. (AU)

The anatomy of peri-callosum arteries and its branches were studied in Cebus apella monkeys. Thirty cerebral hemispheres were dissected under magnifying glasses. After having been injected with coloured latex (neoprene 450) and fixed in formaldehyde solution at 10%. The peri-callosun arteries of bath antimeres represent terminal bifurcation branches of the inter-hemispheric artery in four different dispositions. Its branches were distributed in the following cerebral regions: a branch in the fronto-polar region; from one to branches in the superior frontal region; from one to four branches in the post-central region. In this sector, the artery contributed to vascularize the pre and post-central regions, where its branches are located obove the inter-hemispheric artery branches. It demonstrates a rich vascularization in this cortical area. The peri-callosum vessels ends up by distributing themselves in the medium parietal region of the encephalon. (AU)