Relation between liver lipid content and plasma biochemical indicators in dairy cows

Background: The incidence of metabolic disorders in dairy cows has increased as a result of intensive production practicesand genetic selection for milk yield. Among such disorders, liver lipidosis is very frequently observed and has significantnegative effects on cow health and milk yield. Severe energy supply deficit causes high fat mobilization, resulting in rapidbody condition loss and liver lipid infiltration, which cannot always be detected by known blood biochemical indicators.The main objective of the study was to determine possible associations of blood biochemical parameters with liver lipidinfiltration severity in high-yield multiparous Holstein cows along prepartum and postpartum periods.Materials, Methods & Results: Fifty-four high-yield Holstein cows from a herd managed in a free-stall system in thenorthwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were evaluated. Cows were divided in two groups accordingto their physiological status. Group 1 included 19 prepartum cows, with an average milk yield of 44.7 L/d in the previouslactation, and 2.8 average parity, and Group 2 included 35 postpartum cows, with an average milk yield of 46.8 L/d in theprevious lactation, and 2.5 average parity. The farm produced 10,000 kg milk per year, containing 3.5% of fat, 3.2% ofprotein and 4.7% of lactose. Total cholesterol (CH), plasma triglycerides (TGp), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), albumin(ALB), non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFA) levels, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) activities were analyzed in the plasma and liver triglycerides (TGl) levels were determined in liver tissue samples. The SPSSstatistical software was used for the statistical analyses. The obtained data were analyzed for normality by the Shapiro-Wilktest and for homoscedasticity by Bartlett test. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and means were compared bythe...

Relation between liver lipid content and plasma biochemical indicators in dairy cows

Background: The incidence of metabolic disorders in dairy cows has increased as a result of intensive production practicesand genetic selection for milk yield. Among such disorders, liver lipidosis is very frequently observed and has significantnegative effects on cow health and milk yield. Severe energy supply deficit causes high fat mobilization, resulting in rapidbody condition loss and liver lipid infiltration, which cannot always be detected by known blood biochemical indicators.The main objective of the study was to determine possible associations of blood biochemical parameters with liver lipidinfiltration severity in high-yield multiparous Holstein cows along prepartum and postpartum periods.Materials, Methods & Results: Fifty-four high-yield Holstein cows from a herd managed in a free-stall system in thenorthwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were evaluated. Cows were divided in two groups accordingto their physiological status. Group 1 included 19 prepartum cows, with an average milk yield of 44.7 L/d in the previouslactation, and 2.8 average parity, and Group 2 included 35 postpartum cows, with an average milk yield of 46.8 L/d in theprevious lactation, and 2.5 average parity. The farm produced 10,000 kg milk per year, containing 3.5% of fat, 3.2% ofprotein and 4.7% of lactose. Total cholesterol (CH), plasma triglycerides (TGp), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), albumin(ALB), non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFA) levels, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) activities were analyzed in the plasma and liver triglycerides (TGl) levels were determined in liver tissue samples. The SPSSstatistical software was used for the statistical analyses. The obtained data were analyzed for normality by the Shapiro-Wilktest and for homoscedasticity by Bartlett test. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and means were compared bythe...(AU)

Esteatose hepática em papagaio-verdadeiro / Hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted Amazon parrot

Hepatic steatosis is also known as fatty liver, hepatic lipidosis, fatty degeneration and is very common in captive parrots, especially in parrots of the genus Amazona. Its etiology is multifactorial, and the excessive consumption of high fat food associated with the sedentary lifestyle are the main predisposing factors. The present study reports a case of hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva), which due to the severity of the case, died a few hours after starting treatment and had its diagnosis confirmed through necropsy and histopathological exams.

Esteatose hepática em papagaio-verdadeiro / Hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted Amazon parrot

Hepatic steatosis is also known as fatty liver, hepatic lipidosis, fatty degeneration and is very common in captive parrots, especially in parrots of the genus Amazona. Its etiology is multifactorial, and the excessive consumption of high fat food associated with the sedentary lifestyle are the main predisposing factors. The present study reports a case of hepatic steatosis in a blue fronted amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva), which due to the severity of the case, died a few hours after starting treatment and had its diagnosis confirmed through necropsy and histopathological exams.(AU)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity / Doença gordurosa não alcóolica do fígado e obesidade

PURPOSE: The aim of this review is to update concepts of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to establish a relationship between this condition and obesity. METHODS: By means of a comprehensive literature review where special attention was devoted to articles published in the last 5 years, NAFLD is discussed in view of new concepts, diagnosis, staging, and treatment. RESULTS: NAFLD is emerging as one of the main causes of chronic liver disease and it is believed to be the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, whose central features include obesity, hyperinsulinemia, peripheral insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The surgical treatment of morbid obesity is one of the options available for the treatment of NAFLD. CONCLUSION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly related with obesity.(AU)

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo foi atualizar conceitos com relação à doença gordurosa não alcoólica do fígado (DGNAF) e a sua intrínseca relação com a obesidade. MÉTODOS: Por meio de revisão bibliográfica, com atenção especial às publicações dos últimos 5 anos, o assunto foi abordado com relação à conceituação, ao diagnóstico, estadiamento e tratamento. RESULTADO: A DGNAF está emergindo como uma das maiores causas de doença crônica do fígado e representa o componente hepático da síndrome metabólica, caracterizada por obesidade, hiperinsulinemia, resistência periférica à insulina, diabete, hipertrigliceridemia e hipertensão. O tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade mórbida faz parte do arsenal terapêutico da DGNAF. CONCLUSÃO: O tema foi amplamente discutido, baseado em estudos recentes.(AU)