Leptin and leptin receptor expressions in prostate tumors may predict disease aggressiveness?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of leptin and its receptor in histological sections of prostate tumors, and their association with prognostic factors. A total of 532 surgical specimens from prostate cancer were studied. After histopathological diagnosis, the samples were included in tissue microarrays containing cores from tumor and non-tumor (benign prostatic hyperplasia) areas. These were immunostained with anti-leptin and anti-leptin-receptor antibodies. Objective and subjective analyses were performed. Student's-t-test and ANOVA were used to compare mean values, and linear regression was used to evaluate the correlation between histological results and prognostic indicators. Leptin receptor expression was reduced in tumors with a positive surgical margin, urethral margin involvement, and seminal vesicles invasion. Further, there was a negative correlation between the expression of leptin receptor in tumor areas and the sum of prognostic factors, suggesting that leptin receptor may predict the aggressiveness of disease. Our findings suggest that leptin receptor expression is a potential prognostic factor for PCa. Further investigation is needed to support the use of leptin receptor as a novel biomarker, although leptin itself does not seem to predict the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.(AU)

Metabolic programming of lipid profile and reproductive organs weight by leptin treatment on early life / Programação metabólica do perfil lipídico e peso dos órgãos do sistema reprodutor pelo tratamento com leptina nos primeiros dias de vida

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the neonatal leptin treatment during the first days of life can program the male reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile. METHODS: At birth 6 dams were divided into 2 groups: Leptin - each pup was injected with 50μL of recombinant rat leptin (80ng/g BW, sc), for the first 10 d of lactation; Control - each pup received the same volume of saline. After weaning, all pups received unlimited access to food until 190 days of age when they were killed. Values are given as mean ± SEM of 6 animals and Test t Student was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The leptin treatment resulted in a significant increase in body weight (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) and food consumption (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) and a significant reduction in triglycerides levels (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006) and in the weight of hypothalamus (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), pituitary (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testis (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) and prostate (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Leptin treatment on the first days of life can program the reproductive organs weight and the lipid profile of the progeny.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar se o tratamento neonatal com leptina durante os primeiros dias de vida poderia programar o peso dos orgãos do sistema reprodutor masculino e o perfil lipídico. MÉTODOS: Ao nascimento seis ratas-mãe foram distribuídas em dois grupos: Leptina - cada filhote recebeu 50μL de leptina recombinante (80ng/gPC, SC) nos primeiros 10 dias de lactação; Controle - cada filhote recebeu o mesmo volume de salina. Após o desmame, todos os filhotes tiveram acesso ilimitado a ração até 190 dias de idade quando foram mortos. Os dados são expressos como média ± erro padrão e foram analisados pelo teste t Student. RESULTADOS: O tratamento com leptina resultou em aumento significativo no peso corporal (Control= 411.8±16.31; Leptin= 481.8±11.29, p=0.005) e consumo alimentar (Control= 25.32±0.09; Leptin= 32.42±0.15, p=0.0001) e redução significativa nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos (Control= 540.0±117.9; Leptin= 93.25±15.21, p=0.006), no peso do hipotálamo (Control= 0.234±0.016; Leptin= 0.154±0.015, p=0.007), hipófise (Control= 0.104±0.0120; Leptin= 0.033±0.012, p=0.003), testículo (Control= 3.75±0.055; Leptin= 3.19±0.10, p=0.002) e próstata (Control=1.641±0.1389; Leptin= 0.91±0.07, p=0.001). CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com leptina nos primeiros dias de vida pode programar o peso dos órgãos do sistema reprodutor e o perfil lipídico da prole.(AU)

Restrição alimentar e os mecanismos endócrinos associados ao desenvolvimento folicular ovariano em vacas / Feeding restriction and the endocrine mechanisms involved in ovarian follicular development in cows

Em ruminantes, a nutrição afeta as concentrações circulantes e as reservas hipofisárias de gonadotrofinas, as quais são importantes para o desenvolvimento final de folículos dominantes. Assim, qualquer fator que interfira na sua secreção será limitante ao desempenho reprodutivo. A nutrição pode influenciar a função ovariana por modular a secreção dos hormônios luteinizante (LH) e folículo estimulante (FSH) tanto em condições de alta quanto de baixa ingestão alimentar. O desenvolvimento dos folículos ovarianos também está relacionado com as mudanças na concentração dos hormônios metabólicos periféricos, como: insulina, hormônio do crescimento (GH), leptina, fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina (IGF-I) e neuropeptídeo-Y (NPY), cujas concentrações podem ser afetadas pelo estado metabólico do animal.(AU)

In ruminants, the nutrition effect on the blood and pituitary gonadotropins which are important to the final maturation of dominant follicles. Thus, any factor that interferes in their secretion will limit animal reproductive performance. Nutrition may influence the ovarian function by modulating luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, either in high or low feed intake condition. Development of ovarian follicles is also related to changes in peripheral metabolites hormones concentrations like: insulin, growth hormone (GH), leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and neuropeptide-Y (NPY), whose concentrations may be affected by animal metabolic status.(AU)

Restrição alimentar e os mecanismos endócrinos associados ao desenvolvimento folicular ovariano em vacas / Feeding restriction and the endocrine mechanisms involved in ovarian follicular development in cows

Em ruminantes, a nutrição afeta as concentrações circulantes e as reservas hipofisárias de gonadotrofinas, as quais são importantes para o desenvolvimento final de folículos dominantes. Assim, qualquer fator que interfira na sua secreção será limitante ao desempenho reprodutivo. A nutrição pode influenciar a função ovariana por modular a secreção dos hormônios luteinizante (LH) e folículo estimulante (FSH) tanto em condições de alta quanto de baixa ingestão alimentar. O desenvolvimento dos folículos ovarianos também está relacionado com as mudanças na concentração dos hormônios metabólicos periféricos, como: insulina, hormônio do crescimento (GH), leptina, fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina (IGF-I) e neuropeptídeo-Y (NPY), cujas concentrações podem ser afetadas pelo estado metabólico do animal.

In ruminants, the nutrition effect on the blood and pituitary gonadotropins which are important to the final maturation of dominant follicles. Thus, any factor that interferes in their secretion will limit animal reproductive performance. Nutrition may influence the ovarian function by modulating luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, either in high or low feed intake condition. Development of ovarian follicles is also related to changes in peripheral metabolites hormones concentrations like: insulin, growth hormone (GH), leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and neuropeptide-Y (NPY), whose concentrations may be affected by animal metabolic status.