Microbial activities, carbon, and nitrogen in an irrigated Quartzarenic Neosol cultivated with cowpea in southwest Piauí / Atividade microbiana, Carbono e nitrogênio de Neossolo Flúvico cultivado com feijão-caupi irrigado no sudoeste piauiense

The aim of this study was to evaluate microbial biomass and total organic carbon and nitrogen of an irrigated Quartzarenic Neosol cultivated with two cowpea cultivars in Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized experimental block design in split plots. The plots consist of two cowpea cultivars (Aracê and Tumucumaque) and the subplots were composed of five different irrigation regimes (L1 = 108.2; L2 = 214.7; L3 = 287.9; L4 = 426.1, and L5 = 527.7 mm). Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-0.20 m in order to evaluate basal soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, metabolic quotient, microbial quotient, content, and storage of soil carbon and nitrogen. Basal soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, microbial metabolic quotient, and microbial quotient are influenced by the interaction between cowpea cultivars and irrigation. The cultivar Aracê showed greater stimulus to the microbial community, while the irrigation regimes with 214.7 and 287.9 mm (60 and 90% of ETo, respectively) provided the best moisture conditions for microbial activities.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biomassa microbiana e os estoques totais de carbono orgânico e nitrogênio de um Neossolo Flúvico irrigado, cultivado com duas cultivares de feijão-caupi, no município de Bom Jesus, Piauí. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as subparcelas cinco lâminas de irrigação por aspersão (L1=108,2; L2 = 214,7; L3 = 287,9; L4 = 426,1 e L5 = 527,7 mm) e as parcelas duas cultivares de feijão-caupi (Aracê e Tumucumaque). Foram coletas amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-0,20 m para as avaliações da respiração basal do solo, carbono da biomassa microbiana, quociente metabólico, quociente microbiano, teor e estoque de carbono e nitrogênio do solo. A respiração basal do solo, carbono da biomassa microbiana, quociente metabólico e quociente microbiano são influenciados pela interação entre cutivares de feijão-caupi e lâminas de irrigação. A cultivar Aracê apresentou maior estímulo a comunidade microbiana, enquanto as lâminas de irrigação com 214,7 e 287,9 mm (60 e 90% da ETo, respectivamente) proporcionaram as melhores condições de umidade a atividade microbiana.(AU)

Effect of aqueous extract of the Vigna angularis in rats subjected to an experimental model of moderate chronic kidney disease

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of the Vigna angularis, popularly known as "Azuki beans", in rats subjected to an experimental model of moderate chronic kidney disease.METHODS:Thirty rats underwent two surgeries - Ormrod and Miller (1980) - to obtain Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD-M). The animals were randomized into 3 groups. Group 1 (Control): distilled water. Group 2 (Azuki): Vigna angularis 5% aqueous extract. Group 3 (Treatment): 10mg/kg of enalapril maleate. The rats received their respective treatments for 14 days.RESULTS:The treatment with azuki beans produced an increase in urine output from the second day until the end of the experiment compared to the Control groups (p<0.01) and Treatment (p<0.05). The treatment with azuki also produced significant reductions in the levels of glucose, triglycerides, VLDL, uric acid, Alanine aminotransferase (p<0.05), urea and serum creatinine (p<0.01), besides having produced a significant increase in the levels of HDL when compared to the Control group.CONCLUSION:Treatment with Azuki beans produced improvements in the parameters of renal function and significantly reduced glucose levels, triglycerides, VLDL, alanine aminostransferase, uric acid and creatinine, besides having produced a significant increase in the levels of HDL in rats submitted to a model of moderate chronic kidney disease.(AU)

Microbial activities, carbon, and nitrogen in an irrigated Quartzarenic Neosol cultivated with cowpea in southwest Piauí / Atividade microbiana, Carbono e nitrogênio de Neossolo Flúvico cultivado com feijão-caupi irrigado no sudoeste piauiense

The aim of this study was to evaluate microbial biomass and total organic carbon and nitrogen of an irrigated Quartzarenic Neosol cultivated with two cowpea cultivars in Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized experimental block design in split plots. The plots consist of two cowpea cultivars (Aracê and Tumucumaque) and the subplots were composed of five different irrigation regimes (L1 = 108.2; L2 = 214.7; L3 = 287.9; L4 = 426.1, and L5 = 527.7 mm). Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-0.20 m in order to evaluate basal soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, metabolic quotient, microbial quotient, content, and storage of soil carbon and nitrogen. Basal soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, microbial metabolic quotient, and microbial quotient are influenced by the interaction between cowpea cultivars and irrigation. The cultivar Aracê showed greater stimulus to the microbial community, while the irrigation regimes with 214.7 and 287.9 mm (60 and 90% of ETo, respectively) provided the best moisture conditions for microbial activities.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biomassa microbiana e os estoques totais de carbono orgânico e nitrogênio de um Neossolo Flúvico irrigado, cultivado com duas cultivares de feijão-caupi, no município de Bom Jesus, Piauí. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as subparcelas cinco lâminas de irrigação por aspersão (L1=108,2; L2 = 214,7; L3 = 287,9; L4 = 426,1 e L5 = 527,7 mm) e as parcelas duas cultivares de feijão-caupi (Aracê e Tumucumaque). Foram coletas amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-0,20 m para as avaliações da respiração basal do solo, carbono da biomassa microbiana, quociente metabólico, quociente microbiano, teor e estoque de carbono e nitrogênio do solo. A respiração basal do solo, carbono da biomassa microbiana, quociente metabólico e quociente microbiano são influenciados pela interação entre cutivares de feijão-caupi e lâminas de irrigação. A cultivar Aracê apresentou maior estímulo a comunidade microbiana, enquanto as lâminas de irrigação com 214,7 e 287,9 mm (60 e 90% da ETo, respectivamente) proporcionaram as melhores condições de umidade a atividade microbiana.