Morphological and molecular diagnosis of diseases of free-ranging crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) / [Diagnóstico morfológico e molecular de doenças de cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) de vida livre]

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of diseases in free-ranging wild canids that were roadkill on highways in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. PCR tests were performed for the detection of Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. in the spleen. Morphological evaluation and identification of parasites was performed in the liver and lung. Twenty specimens of C. thous were necropsied at the Animal Pathology Sector of the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Tissue samples were processed for histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. There was no PCR amplification of genomic DNA sequences of Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. using DNA extracted from the spleen as template. Histologically, lesions associated with parasitism by Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. were observed in the liver and lung, respectively. This is the first report of Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. parasitism in C. thous in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Therefore, this study demonstrated parasitism of crab-eating foxes by Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. Importantly, no evidence of infection with Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. was obtained by PCR analysis.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de doenças em canídeos silvestres de vida livre que foram atropelados em rodovias no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Testes de PCR foram realizados para a detecção de Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. no baço. A avaliação morfológica e a identificação de parasitas foram realizadaa no fígado e no pulmão. Vinte espécimes de C. thous foram necropsiados no Setor de Patologia Animal do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Amostras de tecido foram processadas para exame histopatológico e análise de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Não houve amplificação por PCR das sequências de DNA genômico de Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. usando-se DNA extraído do baço como modelo. Histologicamente, lesões associadas ao parasitismo por Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. foram observadas no fígado e no pulmão, respectivamente. Este é o primeiro relato de Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. parasitismo em C. thous no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Portanto, este estudo demonstrou parasitismo de cachorro-do-mato por Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. É importante detacar que não há evidências de infecção por Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. por análise de PCR.(AU)

Valores hematológicos de lobinhos (Cerdocyon thous) do Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil naturalmente infectados e não infectados por Trypanosoma cruzi e T. evansi / Hematological values of crab eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) from Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil naturally infected and non-infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. evansi

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência do sexo, da sazonalidade e de infecções por Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma evansi nos valores hematológicos de lobinhos (Cerdocyon thous) que habitam o Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense. Entre novembro de 2015 e outubro de 2016, foram amostrados 48 lobinhos. Os valores hematológicos mensurados foram as contagens de eritrócitos e leucócitos, volume globular e volume corpuscular médio. Consideramos como parasitados os animais positivos para T.cruzi e T. evansi em qualquer um dos testes diagnósticos utilizados. Observamos que sete (14.5%) lobinhos encontraram-se parasitados somente por T.cruzi, sete por T. evansi, e nove (19%) estavam coinfectados. Os animais parasitados por T.cruzi mostraram um aumento significativo das contagens de leucócitos (14.7 x 103) em relação aos animais não parasitados (10.4 x 103), parasitados por T. evansi (12.4 x 103) e coinfectados (12.9 x 103). Observamos diferença significativa em relação aos valores médios de eritrócitos e volume corpuscular médio entre os períodos de cheia e seca: 2.6 x 106 e 165, e 3.4 x 106 e 132, respectivamente. Todos apresentaram macrocitose não confirmada morfologicamente.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of sex, seasonality and infections by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi on the hematological values of crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) that inhabit the Pantanal from Mato Grosso do Sul. Between November of 2015 and October of 2016, 48 animals were sampled. The hematological values measured were erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, globular volume and mean corpuscular volume. We considered as parasitized the positive animals for T.cruzi and T. evansi in any of diagnostic tests used. We observed that seven (14.5%) of the crab-eating foxes were parasitized only by T.cruzi, seven by T. evansi, and nine (19%) were coinfected. The parasitized animals by T.cruzi showed a significant increase in leukocyte counts (14.7 x 103) compared to non-parasitized animals (10.4 x 103), parasitized by T. evansi (12.4 x 103) and coinfected (12.9 x 103). We observed a significant difference in relation to mean erythrocyte and mean corpuscular volume values between wet and dry periods: 2.6 x 106 and 165, and 3.4 x 106 and 132, respectively. All presented morphologically unconfirmed macrocytosis.

Valores hematológicos de lobinhos (Cerdocyon thous) do Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil naturalmente infectados e não infectados por Trypanosoma cruzi e T. evansi / Hematological values of crab eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) from Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil naturally infected and non-infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. evansi

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência do sexo, da sazonalidade e de infecções por Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma evansi nos valores hematológicos de lobinhos (Cerdocyon thous) que habitam o Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense. Entre novembro de 2015 e outubro de 2016, foram amostrados 48 lobinhos. Os valores hematológicos mensurados foram as contagens de eritrócitos e leucócitos, volume globular e volume corpuscular médio. Consideramos como parasitados os animais positivos para T.cruzi e T. evansi em qualquer um dos testes diagnósticos utilizados. Observamos que sete (14.5%) lobinhos encontraram-se parasitados somente por T.cruzi, sete por T. evansi, e nove (19%) estavam coinfectados. Os animais parasitados por T.cruzi mostraram um aumento significativo das contagens de leucócitos (14.7 x 103) em relação aos animais não parasitados (10.4 x 103), parasitados por T. evansi (12.4 x 103) e coinfectados (12.9 x 103). Observamos diferença significativa em relação aos valores médios de eritrócitos e volume corpuscular médio entre os períodos de cheia e seca: 2.6 x 106 e 165, e 3.4 x 106 e 132, respectivamente. Todos apresentaram macrocitose não confirmada morfologicamente.(AU)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of sex, seasonality and infections by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi on the hematological values of crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) that inhabit the Pantanal from Mato Grosso do Sul. Between November of 2015 and October of 2016, 48 animals were sampled. The hematological values measured were erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, globular volume and mean corpuscular volume. We considered as parasitized the positive animals for T.cruzi and T. evansi in any of diagnostic tests used. We observed that seven (14.5%) of the crab-eating foxes were parasitized only by T.cruzi, seven by T. evansi, and nine (19%) were coinfected. The parasitized animals by T.cruzi showed a significant increase in leukocyte counts (14.7 x 103) compared to non-parasitized animals (10.4 x 103), parasitized by T. evansi (12.4 x 103) and coinfected (12.9 x 103). We observed a significant difference in relation to mean erythrocyte and mean corpuscular volume values between wet and dry periods: 2.6 x 106 and 165, and 3.4 x 106 and 132, respectively. All presented morphologically unconfirmed macrocytosis.(AU)

Avaliação de swab conjuntival para o diagnóstico de cinomose em cachorros-do-mato / Evaluation of the conjunctival swab for the diagnosis of distemper in crab-eating foxes

Canine distemper has been affecting wildlife and exotic animals at risk of extinction. Before the invasion of the urban environment into the forests increases the risk of contamination of wildlife with urban pathogens. The present work aims to report the case of two crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) suspected of distemper in the Municipal Zoo Sargento Prata. Hemograms and conjunctival swab analysis of both animals were performed. Only one of the slides of the two animals showed cells containing Lentz corpuscle. The main hematological findings were thrombocytopenia and intense leukopenia. At miscrocopy, viral inclusions of Lentz were visualized in the neutrophil cytoplasm. Together with the clinical and hematological signs, the conjunctival swab presents as a good option for the diagnosis of distemper in dogs and other species of wild animals.

Avaliação de swab conjuntival para o diagnóstico de cinomose em cachorros-do-mato / Evaluation of the conjunctival swab for the diagnosis of distemper in crab-eating foxes

Canine distemper has been affecting wildlife and exotic animals at risk of extinction. Before the invasion of the urban environment into the forests increases the risk of contamination of wildlife with urban pathogens. The present work aims to report the case of two crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) suspected of distemper in the Municipal Zoo Sargento Prata. Hemograms and conjunctival swab analysis of both animals were performed. Only one of the slides of the two animals showed cells containing Lentz corpuscle. The main hematological findings were thrombocytopenia and intense leukopenia. At miscrocopy, viral inclusions of Lentz were visualized in the neutrophil cytoplasm. Together with the clinical and hematological signs, the conjunctival swab presents as a good option for the diagnosis of distemper in dogs and other species of wild animals.(AU)