Performance and egg qualities of laying japanese quails fed yam peel meal based diets with enzymes complex + yeast supplementation

A 10-week experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of enzyme complex + yeast (Maxigrain®, MXG®) supplementation of sun-dried yam peel meal (YPM) based diet of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on performance and egg quality. A total of 240, seven-weeks old quails were distributed in a completely randomize design with four dietary treatments and five replicates of 12 quails each. Diet 1 served as the control diet without YPM while diet 2, 3, and 4 contained 25, 50, and 75% YPM with MXG® supplementation (1g per kg), respectively. MXG® supplementation in YPM diets improved (p < 0.05) egg mass and feed conversion per egg. Increasing levels of YPM with MXG® supplementation did not show any effect (p > 0.05) on internal and external egg quality attributes except for eggshell weight and thickness which was higher (p < 0.05) in quails fed 75% YPM diet. It was concluded, therefore, that the utilization of YPM as an alternative dietary ingredient with MXG® supplementation can be tolerated in the diets of laying Japanese quails up to 75% inclusion level without any negative effect on productive and egg quality performance.(AU)

Performance and egg qualities of laying japanese quails fed yam peel meal based diets with enzymes complex + yeast supplementation

A 10-week experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of enzyme complex + yeast (Maxigrain®, MXG®) supplementation of sun-dried yam peel meal (YPM) based diet of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on performance and egg quality. A total of 240, seven-weeks old quails were distributed in a completely randomize designwith four dietary treatments and five replicates of 12 quails each. Diet 1 served as the control diet without YPM while diet 2, 3, and 4 contained 25, 50, and 75% YPM with MXG®supplementation (1g per kg), respectively. MXG®supplementation in YPM diets improved (p < 0.05) egg mass and feed conversion per egg. Increasing levels of YPM with MXG®supplementation did not show any effect (p > 0.05) on internal and external egg quality attributes except for eggshell weight and thickness which was higher (p < 0.05) in quails fed 75% YPM diet. It was concluded, therefore, that the utilization of YPM as an alternative dietary ingredient with MXG®supplementation can be tolerated in the diets of laying Japanese quails up to 75% inclusion level without any negative effect on productive and egg quality performance.(AU)

Estimation of optimum experimental plot size for taro culture / Estimativa de tamanho ótimo de parcela experimental para a cultura do taro

Taro is a tropical tuberous vegetable that produces cormels of high nutritional and energetic value. In recent years, its cultivation has expanded, creating the need for more research. However, the experimental plot size interferes directly with the precision of the experiment.Literature describes several methods for establishing the optimum experimental plot size. The objective of the current research was to estimate the optimal experimental plot size for taro culture, utilizing the Modified Maximum Curvature Method. The field experiment was conducted in the vegetable garden of the Departamentode Fitotecnia of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, from September 2011 to June 2012, with Japanese taro. Twenty-two rows with 20 plants each were planted, at 1.0×0.3 m spacing, considering the 20 central rows with 18 plants each as useful area, totaling 360 plants. Each plant corresponded to a basic unit (BU). Once the possible clusters were made, 23 different plot sizes were formed. At harvest, the fresh mass characteristics of large, medium, and marketable cormels were evaluated. The optimum plot sizes were: 8.77 BU for marketable cormels; 14.75 BU for large cormels, and 13.37 BU for medium cormels. Among the plot sizes estimated in this study, the aim was to improve precision of experiments performed with taro, plots formed by 15 BU that corresponded to a 4.5 m2 area are recommended.(AU)

O taro é uma hortaliça tuberosa tropical que produz cormelos de elevado valor nutritivo e energético. Nos últimos anos seu cultivo tem-se expandido gerando a necessidade de mais informações da pesquisa. Todavia, na pesquisa científica, o tamanho da parcela experimental interfere diretamente na precisão do experimento. Para determinação do tamanho ótimo de parcela, vários métodos têm sido relatados na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o tamanho ótimo de parcela experimental para a cultura do taro utilizando o Método da Máxima Curvatura Modificado. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, na horta do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, no período de setembro/2011 a junho/2012, com taro Japonês. Foram plantadas 22 fileiras com 20 plantas cada, no espaçamento de 1,0 x 0,3 m, considerando-se como área útil as 20 fileiras centrais com 18 plantas cada, totalizando 360 plantas. Cada planta correspondeu a Unidade Básica (UB). Feito os possíveis agrupamentos, formaram-se 23 diferentes tamanhos de parcelas. Na colheita avaliaram-se as características massa fresca dos cormelos grande, médio e comerciáveis. Os tamanhos ótimos de parcelas encontrados foram de: 8,77 UB para os cormelos comerciáveis; 14,75 UB para os cormelos grandes e de 13,37 UB para cormelos médios. Dentre os tamanhos das parcelas estimados neste trabalho, de forma a aumentar a precisão experimental em experimentos realizados com taro, sugere-se adotar parcelas formadas por 15 UB, o que corresponde a uma área de 4,5 m2.(AU)

Reguladores vegetais e teores endógenos de poliaminas durante o desenvolvimento de taro cultivado in vitro / Plant growth regulators in polyamines endogenous levels during the development of taro cultivated in vitro

Neste trabalho foi investigada a assepsia para obtenção de explantes oriundos de tubérculos e a ação das poliaminas espermidina e espermina exógenas associadas aos reguladores vegetais AIA e BA no desenvolvimento, na tuberização in vitro e nos níveis endógenos de putrescina (Put), espermidina (Spd) e espermina (Spm) de taro (Colocasia esculenta). Plantas crescidas em meio contendo espermidina e espermina mostraram tuberização e a associação dessas poliaminas com AIA e BA induziu aumento do número de brotações. Para o estímulo da rizogênese, não foi necessário o uso de reguladores vegetais. Altos teores de putrescina foram encontrados durante a emissão de brotações, enquanto que altos teores de espermidina foram observados durante a formação de rizomas in vitro.(AU)

The present research investigated the asepsis for attainment of explants deriving of tubers and the polyamines espermidine and espermine exogenous effects associated with the plant growth regulators NAA and BA on the development and tuberization in vitro and the endogenous levels of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) of taro (Colocasia esculenta). Plants grown in the medium with spermidine and spermine showed tuberization and the association of these polyamines with NAA and BA increases number of shoots. Plant growth regulators were not necessary for root initiation. High levels of endogenous Put were found during the shoot emission, while high levels Spd were observed during in vitro root formation.(AU)