Infestação por piolhos Felicola subrostratus em felino domiciliado no município de Parnaíba, Piauí / Infestation by Felicola subrostratus in a feline domiciled in the municipality of Parnaíba, Piauí / Infestación de piojos Felicola subrostratus en felino domiciliado en el municipio de Parnaíba, Piauí

O piolho da espécie Felicola subrostratus é um inseto mastigador responsável por causar a pediculose em felinos e, apesar de ser cosmopolita, tem sua ocorrência pouco descrita na rotina clínica. A transmissão ocorre através do contato direto entre os animais ou por fômites contaminados. Os gatos parasitados podem ser assintomáticos quando em baixa parasitemia, porém em altas infestações podem apresentar prurido, alopecia, dermatites e possibilitar a ocorrência de infecções secundárias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a infestação por piolhos da espécie Felicola subrostratus em um felino domiciliado no município de Parnaíba, Piauí. O animal era um macho castrado, de dois anos de idade, sem raça definida (SRD), que foi atendido em uma clínica veterinária da cidade, apresentando como queixa principal uma dermatite por lambedura no membro posterior direito, além de prurido, alopecia, apatia, diminuição de apetite e perda de peso. No exame físico, observou-se a dermatite no membro, sendo realizado raspado cutâneo e coleta de pelos da região, verificando a presença de ectoparasitos. Os insetos foram colocados em recipientes com álcool 70ºGL e enviados ao Laboratório de Parasitologia da Universidade Federal do Piauí, que por meio da morfologia revelou ser piolhos da espécie Felicola subrostratus, confirmando o diagnóstico primário de pediculose felina, sendo essencial um diagnóstico precoce para direcionar a um tratamento adequado.(AU)

The lice from the Felicola subrostratus species is a chewing insect responsible for causing pediculosis in felines and, despite being cosmopolitan, its occurrence has been little described in the clinical routine. Transmission occurs through direct contact between animals or through contaminated fomites. The parasitized cats can be asymptomatic when in low parasitemia, but in high infestations, they can present pruritus, alopecia, dermatitis and allow the occurrence of secondary infections. The purpose of this study was to report the infestation by lice of the Felicola subrostratus species in a feline domiciled in the municipality of Parnaíba, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The animal was a neutered male, two years old, of mixed breed, which was treated at a veterinary clinic in the city, presenting as main complaint a lick dermatitis on the right hind limb, in addition to pruritus, alopecia, apathy, decreased appetite and weight loss. On physical examination, dermatitis was observed on the limb. Skin scraping was performed and fur was collected from the region, verifying the presence of ectoparasites. The insects were placed in recipients with 70ºGL alcohol and sent to the Parasitology Laboratory at the Federal University of Piauí, which through morphology revealed to be lice of the Felicola subrostratus species, confirming the primary diagnosis of feline pediculosis, being essential an early diagnosis to guide the appropriate treatment.(AU)

El piojo de la especie Felicola subrostratus es un insecto masticador responsable de causar pediculosis en felinos y, a pesar de ser cosmopolita, su ocurrencia ha sido poco descrita en la rutina clínica. La transmisión ocurre a través del contacto directo entre animales o por fómites contaminados. Los gatos parasitados pueden ser asintomáticos cuando están en baja parasitemía, pero en altas infestaciones pueden presentar prurito, alopecia, dermatitis y permitir la aparición de infecciones secundarias. El objetivo de este trabajo fue relatar la infestación por piojos de la especie Felicola subrostratus en un felino domiciliado en el municipio de Parnaíba, Piauí. El animal era un macho castrado, de dos años de edad, sin raza definida (SRD), que fue atendido en una clínica veterinaria de la ciudad, presentando como principal síntoma una dermatitis por lamido en el miembro posterior derecho, además de prurito, alopecia, apatía. disminución del apetito y pérdida de peso. En el examen físico se observó dermatitis en la extremidad, se realizó raspado de piel y se recolectó cabello de la región, verificando la presencia de ectoparásitos. Los insectos fueron colocados en recipientes con alcohol 70ºGL y enviados al Laboratorio de Parasitología de la Universidad Federal de Piauí, que por morfología reveló ser piojos de la especie Felicola subrostratus, confirmando el diagnóstico primario de pediculosis felina, siendo fundamental un diagnóstico precoz para orientar el tratamiento adecuado.(AU)

Antimicrobial resistance profile of bacteria isolated from canine and feline samples at the Preventive Veterinary Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Brazil

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat. In small animals such as dogs and cats, antimicrobials are most commonly prescribed for skin and genitourinary diseases; therefore, the AMR of bacteria involved in these infections should be monitored. In addition, the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) may be interpreted as a local epidemiological history of AMR. The Preventive Veterinary Medicine Laboratory (PVML) received clinical samples from dogs and cats for bacterial isolation and AST. Thus, this study aimed to assess the AMR of bacteria isolated from the samples of dogs and cats received at the Preventive Veterinary Medicine Laboratory (PVML). Materials, Methods & Results: Data from bacteriological examinations performed at the PVML of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) during 5 years were analyzed. Skin and ear canal samples were inoculated in 5% sheep blood agar, and urine samples were streaked on CHROMagar™ orientation. After incubation at 36±1°C for up to 72 h, identification and AST were performed according to routine protocols. Of 1,534 samples submitted to the PVML, 1,086 (70.8%) were collected from dogs and 29.2% from feline patients. Otological swabs (n = 533, 49.1%) were the most frequent samples from dogs, while cat urine samples (n = 384, 84.8%) predominated by far. Considering the canine samples, no bacterial growth (NBG) was observed in 443 (40.8%) samples, while only one colony type was noted in 516 (47.5%) samples. Gram-positive bacteria (n = 298) were more frequent than gram-negative bacteria (n = 77) in the skin. In urine samples, gram-negative bacteria (n = 94) were isolated more frequently than gram-positive bacteria (n = 47). In feline samples, a high number of NBG (n = 308, 68%) was observed. Gram-positive (n = 22) was predominant in comparison to gram-negative bacteria (n = 9) in cultures from the ear and skin swabs. Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli were the most frequently identified bacteria in urine samples. Among the Staphylococcus sp. strains of any origin, AMR frequency varied from 4.22% (amikacin) to 50.70% (sulfa/trimethoprim). Enterococcus spp. showed AMR frequencies from 12.5% (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) to 62.06% (enrofloxacin). Among the gram-negative genera, E. coli presented AMR frequencies from 10.20% (gentamicin) to 60.0% (neomycin). The frequency of AMR was stable over time, and a profile of much higher resistance to fluoroquinolones in comparison to beta-lactams was observed. Discussion: The recurrence of skin and urinary infections implies the need for frequent treatment with antibiotics, which exerts selection pressure for resistance and multidrug resistance. In this study, the frequency of multidrug resistance was low, and the resistance to the tested antimicrobials showed high variation. However, a trend of high resistance to the fluoroquinolone group was observed in contrast to the low resistance to beta-lactams. This trend was consistent among the isolated bacteria, regardless of the type of sample or origin. The overprescription of fluoroquinolones in small animal practices has been widely documented in several countries. However, this class of antimicrobials, is highly prioritized for the treatment of infections in humans. Therefore, the selection of resistant strains has gained special emphasis, especially when considering the possibility of the transmission of resistant bacteria between pets and humans. In summary, the results of bacteriological tests conducted at the PVML-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul confirmed that ubiquitous bacteria predominate in clinical samples of dogs and cats. The high frequency of resistance to the fluoroquinolone group, while a predominance of susceptible strains in the first-choice drugs such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, may indicate excessive and empirical use of the second-choice drugs in clinical practice.

Marek's disease in roosters in the Potiguar semi-arid region

Background: Marek's disease (MD) is a transmissible disease in chickens caused by Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2). The infection is characterized by lymphocyte cellular infiltrates in peripheral nerves and other organs and tissues, including the skin; which can lead to dysfunction causing progressive asymmetric paresis and complete spastic paralysis of body extremities. Dermatitis and cardiac myositis caused by GaHV-2 in free-range chickens has rarely been described in Brazil. This reports the occurrence of the disease with a confirmatory molecular diagnosis in free-range poultry showing signs of dermatitis, poor performance, and cachexia and no mortality in the semi-arid Potiguar region. Cases: Twenty roosters of the Shamo lineage, among a brood of 42 birds, had a history of progressive weight loss and skin lesions. Two birds with poor body condition, erythema, and scaling of the skin in the head and cervical regions were sent for clinical care. All birds were between 12 and 18 months of age and were vaccinated against Newcastle disease and Fowlpox with only a few receiving vaccines against MD and Gumboro disease. According to the owner's report, some birds were previously kept outdoors, and when they were transferred to a small shed with little air circulation, they began to develop clinical signs after approximately 15 days. The first signs of the disease were also reported to have appeared 2.5 months before clinical care and, in the meantime, several treatments were instituted without success. Owing to the general condition of the animals and inconclusive clinical suspicion, the birds were subjected to euthanasia and necropsy. Tissue samples were collected for histopathological and polymerase chain reaction analyses to search for the GaHV-2 DNA meq gene. The main clinicopathological findings were erythema (47%, 20/42) and desquamation of skin and mild, prominent white multifocal areas in the heart. Histopathology revealed infiltration of pleomorphic lymphoblastic cells in the skin, heart, and sciatic nerve. The amplification of the L-meq and meq oncoprotein genes in these organs and in the liver, confirmed the infection by GaHV-2, consistent with that of a field strain. Discussion: MD was confirmed based on the macroscopic and histological lesions, and with the detection of GaHV-2 DNA in the affected tissues. The unusual clinical presentation represented an initial challenge for diagnosis. The clinical history was important to lead to the suspicion of MD, as roosters initiated clinical signs 15 days after they were transferred to a small shed with poor air circulation. This probably favored the high viral concentration and disease transmission among susceptible birds in the brood because the feather follicle is the primary site of viral replication for transmission; and desquamation of infected epithelial cells favor airborne horizontal transmission to susceptible chickens. The roosters had not been vaccinated against MD, which probably favored the infection, as vaccination is known to be a fundamental approach for MD control for effective growth of the poultry industry. Clinical findings and lesions, together with viral molecular detection, were fundamental for the diagnosis, a premise for the application of adequate prevention and control measures for the disease in breeding. This is the first report of MD with a confirmatory molecular diagnosis in northeastern Brazil.

Dermatose actínica em cão: relato de caso / Actinic dermatosis in dogs: a cse report

O trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de Dermatose Actínica em cadela adulta, 8 anos apresentando pele eritematosa. Na avaliação clínica a cadela apresentou os parâmetros normais da espécie, porém devido às lesões observadas foram solicitados exames citológico e parasitológico de pele, que demonstraram a presença de bactérias (cocos), neutrófilos degenerados e fungos dermatófitos além de demodicidose. O tratamento consistiu do uso de inúmeras drogas como itraconazol, amoxicilina com clavulonato de potássio, predinisolona, Sarolaner e imunomoduladores, além de tratamento tópico com cetoconazol shampoo e creme. Geralmente, as piodermites profundas que atingem o folículo de cães e formam feridas ulceradas, causam uma inflamação crônica na pele, por conta de raios-ultravioletas do sol, ou predisposição familiar ou hipersensibilidade microbiana, ou por outras doenças e, normalmente, são reincidentes e não permitem a cura. Entretanto, nesse caso específico, o tratamento permitiu a melhora do animal (~80%).(AU)

The aim of this paper is to report a case of Actinic Dermatosis in an 8-year-old female adult female with erythematous skin. In the clinical evaluation, the animal presented normal parameters for the species, but, due to the lesions observed, cytological and parasitological skin tests were requested, which showed the presence of bacteria (cocci), degenerated neutrophils, and dermatophyte fungi, and demodicidosis. Treatment consisted of the use of numerous drugs such as itraconazole, amoxicillin with potassium clavulonate, predinisolone, Sarolaner, and immunomodulators; in addition to topical treatment with ketoconazole shampoo and cream. Generally, deep pyoderma that reach the follicle of dogs and form ulcerated wounds, cause a chronic inflammation of the skin, due to the sun's ultraviolet rays, or familial predisposition or microbial hypersensitivity, or due to other diseases and, usually, they are recurrent and do not allow healing. However, in this specific case, the treatment allowed the animal to improve (~80%).(AU)

Chronic progressive lymphoedema in a Friesian horse: clinical aspects and diagnostic approach - case report / [Linfedema progressivo crônico em um cavalo Friesian: aspectos clínicos e abordagem diagnóstica - relato de caso]

Chronic Progressive Lymphoedema (CPL) is a disabling disease of draft horses that affects lymphatic system function typically in the distal limbs. Deformities of distal limbs, especially of the pastern, with fibrosis and skin nodular lesions are consequences of disease progression. A 15-year-old Friesian stallion presented for evaluation with history of forelimb enlargement and nodule formations distal to the carpus for four years. Simple radiographs showed soft tissue nodular lesions and venous contrasted radiography showed intense enlargement of II common digital palmar vein of both forelimbs. Tissue culture tests revealed Streptococcus equi and Proteus mirabilis isolation and skin scraping test identified Chorioptes bovis mites. Histological examination revealed perivasculitis and lymph vessels distention. History, clinical and histological findings, and complementary exams suggested CPL diagnosis. We were unable to find previously published cases describing this disease in Brazil, where the increasing number of draft horses requires attention to this problem. The correct and early diagnosis substantially delays disease progression. Therefore, we highlight the need for nationwide propagation of these data to ensure better diagnosis and early treatment of future CPL cases.

O linfedema crônico progressivo (LCP) é uma enfermidade incapacitante de cavalos de tração que afeta o sistema linfático e se manifesta especialmente na região distal dos membros. A progressão da doença resulta em deformações na região distal dos membros, especialmente na quartela, com fibrose e lesões nodulares na pele. Foi atendido um garanhão da raça Friesian, de 15 anos de idade, com histórico de aumento de volume, nodulações e deformações na região distal dos membros torácicos, com início há aproximadamente quatro anos. Ao exame radiográfico simples, foram identificadas nodulações na pele e no subcutâneo e, ao exame venoso contrastado, identificou-se marcante dilatação II veia digital palmar comum em ambos os membros torácicos. Foi isolado Streptococcus equi e Proteus mirabilis ao cultivo tecidual e identificou-se sarna do tipo corióptica ao raspado de pele. No exame histopatológico, foram identificadas perivasculite e dilatação de vasos linfáticos. Os achados clínicos, histórico, de raça do animal e os exames complementares direcionaram o diagnóstico para o LCP. A pesquisa da literatura nacional não revelou descrições clínicas dessa enfermidade, mas, devido ao aumento do número de animais de tração no país nos últimos anos, a descrição dessa enfermidade se torna importante. O diagnóstico correto e precoce é necessário para retardar a progressão da doença. Nesse sentido, ressalta-se a relevância da divulgação nacional desses achados, a fim de contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce e permitir o retardo da evolução da doença.

Characteristic of decreased bacterial diversity in psoriasis / [Característica da diminuição da diversidade bacteriana na psoríase]

Disturbance of commensal intestinal microbiota is related to chronic inflammatory dermatosis. We analyzed the diversity of the gut microbiota to characterize the biological variation of psoriasis (Ps). Significant differences of gut microbiome profiles were revealed in murine model with psoriasis by sequencing 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region. Group comparisons included the imiquimod cream (IMQ group, n=8), the imiquimod cream and antibiotics (ATB) (PC+IMQ group, n=8) and the healthy control (CTRL group, n=8). The gut microbiota existed in Ps groups including IMQ group and PC+IMQ group encompassed less diversity than controls, which were attributed to decreased presence of several taxa. The two Ps groups were characterized by significant reduction in firmicutes. In this study, microbiota of psoriasis was defined by an increase presence of Bacteroides. After treated with ATB, we found substantial increase of Lactobacillales but significant decrease of Clostridiales and Coriobacteriales. Relative lower abundance of multiple intestinal bacteria was observed in Ps groups. Although part of genera were concomitantly reduced in both IMQ and PC+IMQ conditions, we discovered the specialty of PC+IMQ group samples was that contained lower abundance of beneficial taxa. Characteristics of gut microbiota profiles in Ps mice were comparable to profiles in patients with Ps, which were related to alteration of specific inflammatory proteins in disease groups but were significantly different from control group. Thus, this study emphasizes the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of Ps and provides new insight for investigating association between intestinal microbes and immune inflammation.

A perturbação da microbiota intestinal comensal está relacionada à dermatose inflamatória crônica. Analisamos a diversidade da microbiota intestinal para caracterizar a variação biológica da psoríase (Ps). Diferenças significativas do perfil microbiológico intestinal foram reveladas no modelo murino com psoríase pelo sequenciamento da região variável 16S rRNA V3-V4. As comparações de grupo incluíram o creme imiquimod (grupo IMQ, n=8), o creme imiquimod e antibióticos (ATB) (grupo PC+IMQ, n=8) e o controle saudável (grupo CTRL, n=8). A microbiota intestinal existia nos grupos Ps, incluindo o grupo IMQ e o grupo PC+IMQ englobava menos diversidade do que os controles, que foram atribuídos à diminuição da presença de vários taxa. Os dois grupos de Ps caracterizavam-se por uma redução significativa nos firicutes. Neste estudo, a microbiota da psoríase foi definida por um aumento da presença de bacteroides. Após o tratamento com ATB, encontramos um aumento substancial de Lactobacillales mas uma diminuição significativa de Clostridiales e Coriobacteriales. Uma menor abundância relativa de bactérias intestinais múltiplas foi observada nos grupos de Ps. Embora parte dos gêneros tenha sido concomitantemente reduzida tanto em condições IMQ como PC+IMQ, descobrimos que a especialidade das amostras do grupo PC+IMQ era que continham menor abundância de taxas benéficas. As características dos perfis de microbiota intestinal em ratos de Ps eram comparáveis aos perfis em pacientes com Ps, que estavam relacionados à alteração de proteínas inflamatórias específicas em grupos de doenças, mas eram significativamente diferentes do grupo controle. Assim, este estudo enfatiza o papel da microbiota intestinal na patogênese do Ps e fornece novos conhecimentos para investigar a associação entre micróbios intestinais e inflamação imunológica.

Staphylococcus aureus-induced pyogranulomatous dermatitis, osteomyelitis, and meningitis with Splendore-Hoeppli reaction in a cat coinfected with the feline leukemia virus and Leishmania sp

This report describes a case of a pyogranulomatous dermatitis, osteomyelitis, and meningitis with Splendore-Hoeppli reaction caused by Staphylococcus aureus in a sheltered female adult cat coinfected with the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and Leishmania sp. The cat had a mild anemia and marked increased total leukocytes, particularly band and segmented neutrophils. The cat had laboratorial diagnosis of FeLV and Leishmania sp. infections. Clinically, the cat had extensive and multifocal areas of ulceration in cranial region. Due to the progression of cutaneous lesions, progressive weight loss, and the risk for other sheltered animals, the cat was euthanized. Microscopically, there was marked pyogranulomatous ulcerative dermatitis, osteomyelitis and meningitis, with multiple large intralesional colonies of Gram-positive cocci associated with Splendore-Hoeppli reaction. Aerobic bacterial isolates were identified as S. aureus by MALDI-ToF MS. Leishmania sp. DNA sequences were detected in liver and spleen, and amastigotes were demonstrated in skin sections by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, here we describe a case of S. aureus-induced pyogranulomatous meningitis with SH reaction in a cat naturally coinfected with FeLV and Leishmania sp(AU)

Fungal dermatitis by Scopulariopsis brevicaulisin Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) / Dermatite fúngica por Scopulariopsis brevicaulis em Porquinho da Índia (Cavia porcellus)

Fungal dermatitis is classified into superficial, cutaneous and subcutaneous mycoses. However, the incidence of fungal dermatitis in small mammals is relatively low. Among rodents guinea pig the most affected specie, however it usually has an asymptomatic pattern. The present text reports an unusual case of fungal dermatitis in Caviaporcelluscaused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. The animal was received with complaint of alteration of coat around the neck, as well as report of incorrect feeding management. During the physical examination the presence of a dry and crusty dermatitis, negative on fluorescence test of wood. Samples of blood, skin, scabs and hair were collected for parasitic and mycological analysis. The hematological evaluation showed only a discrete eosinophilia; no ectoparasites were observed, but it was noticed the presence of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. The animal underwent terbinafine and griseofulvin protocol, with total regression of the lesions after 30 days. S. brevicaulis is an unusual geophilic fungus causing animal mycosis, presenting more pathological reports in human mycoses, thus, representing a zoonotic potential. According to the clinical findings and results obtained from mycology assay, it was diagnosed dermatitis by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, secondary to nutritional deficiency. The combined use of topical terbinafine with systemic griseofulvin was efficient in the treatment. Finally, it was recommended a dietary correction.

As dermatites fúngicas são classificadas em micoses superficiais, micoses cutâneas e micoses subcutâneas. No entanto, a ocorrência de dermatites fúngicas em pequenos mamíferos é incomum, sendo que entre os roedores o porquinho da Índia é a espécie mais acometida e a infecção costuma ser assintomática. O presente artigo relata um caso incomum de dermatite fúngica em Cavia porcellus causado pelo fungo Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. O animal foi atendido devido à queixa de alteração de pelagem ao redor do pescoço e erros no manejo alimentar. Durante o exame físico observou-se a presença de uma derma-tite crostosa de aparência seca, negativa no teste de fluorescência sob lâmpada de Wood para detectar dermatófitos. Foi cole-tado sangue e também amostras de pele, crostas e pelos para análise parasitária e cultivo micológico. Na avaliação hematoló-gica observou-se apenas uma eosinofilia discreta, no parasitológico não foram observados ectoparasitas. No cultivo micológico foi isolado Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. O animal foi tratado com terbinafina e griseofulvina havendo regressão total das lesões após 30 dias de terapia antifúngica. S. brevicaulis é um fungo geofílico incomum em casos de micose em animais, sendo mais relatado em micoses humanas e havendo um potencial zoonótico. Assim, baseado nos achados clínicos e exames laboratoriais concluiu-se que o caso se tratava de uma dermatite fúngica causada por Scopulariopsis brevicaulis secundária a deficiência nutri-cional, sendo que o uso combinado de terbinafina tópica com a griseofulvina sistêmica foi eficiente no tratamento em com-binação com a correção da dieta alimentar.

Fungal dermatitis by Scopulariopsis brevicaulisin Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) / Dermatite fúngica por Scopulariopsis brevicaulis em Porquinho da Índia (Cavia porcellus)

Fungal dermatitis is classified into superficial, cutaneous and subcutaneous mycoses. However, the incidence of fungal dermatitis in small mammals is relatively low. Among rodents guinea pig the most affected specie, however it usually has an asymptomatic pattern. The present text reports an unusual case of fungal dermatitis in Caviaporcelluscaused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. The animal was received with complaint of alteration of coat around the neck, as well as report of incorrect feeding management. During the physical examination the presence of a dry and crusty dermatitis, negative on fluorescence test of wood. Samples of blood, skin, scabs and hair were collected for parasitic and mycological analysis. The hematological evaluation showed only a discrete eosinophilia; no ectoparasites were observed, but it was noticed the presence of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. The animal underwent terbinafine and griseofulvin protocol, with total regression of the lesions after 30 days. S. brevicaulis is an unusual geophilic fungus causing animal mycosis, presenting more pathological reports in human mycoses, thus, representing a zoonotic potential. According to the clinical findings and results obtained from mycology assay, it was diagnosed dermatitis by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, secondary to nutritional deficiency. The combined use of topical terbinafine with systemic griseofulvin was efficient in the treatment. Finally, it was recommended a dietary correction.(AU)

As dermatites fúngicas são classificadas em micoses superficiais, micoses cutâneas e micoses subcutâneas. No entanto, a ocorrência de dermatites fúngicas em pequenos mamíferos é incomum, sendo que entre os roedores o porquinho da Índia é a espécie mais acometida e a infecção costuma ser assintomática. O presente artigo relata um caso incomum de dermatite fúngica em Cavia porcellus causado pelo fungo Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. O animal foi atendido devido à queixa de alteração de pelagem ao redor do pescoço e erros no manejo alimentar. Durante o exame físico observou-se a presença de uma derma-tite crostosa de aparência seca, negativa no teste de fluorescência sob lâmpada de Wood para detectar dermatófitos. Foi cole-tado sangue e também amostras de pele, crostas e pelos para análise parasitária e cultivo micológico. Na avaliação hematoló-gica observou-se apenas uma eosinofilia discreta, no parasitológico não foram observados ectoparasitas. No cultivo micológico foi isolado Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. O animal foi tratado com terbinafina e griseofulvina havendo regressão total das lesões após 30 dias de terapia antifúngica. S. brevicaulis é um fungo geofílico incomum em casos de micose em animais, sendo mais relatado em micoses humanas e havendo um potencial zoonótico. Assim, baseado nos achados clínicos e exames laboratoriais concluiu-se que o caso se tratava de uma dermatite fúngica causada por Scopulariopsis brevicaulis secundária a deficiência nutri-cional, sendo que o uso combinado de terbinafina tópica com a griseofulvina sistêmica foi eficiente no tratamento em com-binação com a correção da dieta alimentar.(AU)

Conidiobolomycosis in goats / Conidiobolomicose em caprinos

The present article presents cases of conidiobolomycosis in adult goats with clinical signs characterized by serous nasal discharge, dyspnea, apathy, and weight loss. Two goats were necropsied. Necropsy displayed increased volume on the sagittal section of the head and an ulcerated surface containing a yellow friable mass with irregular and granular consistency in the nasal septum and in the ventral nasal turbinate. One goat also presented lesions on the ear's skin and the right pelvic limb. Microscopically, lesions were characterized by multifocal granulomas with a central necrotic area containing non-stained fungal hyphae images surrounded by a granulomatous infiltrate. Samples of the lesions examined by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction were positive for Conidiobolus lamprauges. This is the first report of conidiobolomycosis in goats, and the disease should be considered in the differential diagnoses for rhinitis and dermatitis in goats.(AU)

O presente artigo apresenta casos de conidiobolomicose em cabras adultas com sinais clínicos caracterizados por secreção nasal serosa, dispneia, apatia e perda de peso. Dois caprinos foram necropsiados. Na necropsia, em corte sagital da cabeça, foi observado aumento de volume e superfície ulcerada contendo massa amarela e friável com consistência irregular e granular no septo nasal e conchas nasais ventrais. Uma cabra apresentou também lesões na pele da orelha e no membro pélvico direito. Microscopicamente, as lesões foram caracterizadas por granulomas multifocais com área central de necrose, contendo imagens de hifas fúngicas não coradas, circundadas por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso. Amostras das lesões submetidas à imuno-histoquímica e reação em cadeia da polimerase foram positivas para Conidiobolus lamprauges. Este é o primeiro registro de conidiobolomicose em caprinos e deve ser considerado no diagnóstico diferencial de rinite e dermatite em caprinos.(AU)

Conidiobolomycosis in goats / Conidiobolomicose em caprinos

The present article presents cases of conidiobolomycosis in adult goats with clinical signs characterized by serous nasal discharge, dyspnea, apathy, and weight loss. Two goats were necropsied. Necropsy displayed increased volume on the sagittal section of the head and an ulcerated surface containing a yellow friable mass with irregular and granular consistency in the nasal septum and in the ventral nasal turbinate. One goat also presented lesions on the ear's skin and the right pelvic limb. Microscopically, lesions were characterized by multifocal granulomas with a central necrotic area containing non-stained fungal hyphae images surrounded by a granulomatous infiltrate. Samples of the lesions examined by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction were positive for Conidiobolus lamprauges. This is the first report of conidiobolomycosis in goats, and the disease should be considered in the differential diagnoses for rhinitis and dermatitis in goats.(AU)

O presente artigo apresenta casos de conidiobolomicose em cabras adultas com sinais clínicos caracterizados por secreção nasal serosa, dispneia, apatia e perda de peso. Dois caprinos foram necropsiados. Na necropsia, em corte sagital da cabeça, foi observado aumento de volume e superfície ulcerada contendo massa amarela e friável com consistência irregular e granular no septo nasal e conchas nasais ventrais. Uma cabra apresentou também lesões na pele da orelha e no membro pélvico direito. Microscopicamente, as lesões foram caracterizadas por granulomas multifocais com área central de necrose, contendo imagens de hifas fúngicas não coradas, circundadas por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso. Amostras das lesões submetidas à imuno-histoquímica e reação em cadeia da polimerase foram positivas para Conidiobolus lamprauges. Este é o primeiro registro de conidiobolomicose em caprinos e deve ser considerado no diagnóstico diferencial de rinite e dermatite em caprinos.(AU)

Presença de leishmaniassp. Em nódulo dérmico de um cão negativo aos testes parasitológicos de linfonodo e medula óssea / Presence of Leishmania spp. in a dermal nodule of a dog negative at parasitological tests of lymph node and bone marrow

A leishmaniose visceral canina, zoonose de grande importância para a saúde pública, é uma enfermidade crônica que resulta em sinais clínicos variados, dificultando seu diagnóstico. O diagnóstico definitivo da doença em cães baseia-se nos sinais clínicos associados à exames parasitológicos que, além de serem rápidos, possuem alta especificidade. Objetivou-se relatar a detecção de formas amastigotas de Leishmaniaspp. por meio de citologia de nódulos dérmicos de um cão com ausência de formas amastigotas, ao exame parasitológico, em amostras de medula óssea, linfonodos poplíteos e cervicais superficial direito e esquerdo. Uma cadela, poodle, de dez anos, com histórico de problemas dermatológicos e surgimento de nódulos dérmicos nas regiões dorsal e interdigital há cerca de dois anos foi avaliada. Ao exame físico observou-se alopecia discreta e difusa na região dorsal, com descamação. Era possível se observar nódulos com cerca de 3-5 cm de diâmetro, bem delimitados, sólidos e com aspecto inflamado nas regiões dorsal e interdigital; o animal também apresentava onicogrifose. Após avaliação clínica, realizou-se citologia de medula óssea, linfonodos poplíteos e cervicais superficiais, sendo estes negativos para a presença de formas de parasitas. Adicionalmente, amostras citológicas dos nódulos dérmicos foram colhidas tendo sido observadas formas amastigotas de Leishmaniaspp. nesses materiais. Conclui-se que a citologia do nódulo dérmico foi um método complementar de diagnóstico de leishmaniose em um cão negativo ao exame parasitológico de amostras de medula óssea e linfonodos.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis, a zoonosis of great public health importance, is a chronic disease that presents varied clinical signs, making its diagnosis very difficult. The definitive diagnosis of this disease is based on clinical signs associated with parasitological evaluations which, in addition to being quick, show high specificity. The objective of this study was to report the detection of amastigote forms of Leishmaniaspp. by cytology of dermal nodules from a dog negative at parasitological tests of bone marrow, popliteal and right superficial cervical and left lymph node samples. A female dog with a history of dermatological problems and the appearance of dermal nodules in the dorsal and interdigital regions was treated during the past two years. At physical examination, a slight diffuse alopecia was noted on the dorsal region, with desquamation. It was also possible to observe well defined nodules measuring about 3-5 cm of diameter, solid and with an inflammatory aspect on the dorsal and interdigital regions; the dog also presented onychogryphosis. After clinical evaluation, bone marrow, popliteal and superficial cervical lymph node aspiration biopsies were performed, and all of these were negative for the presence of parasites. Additionally, cytological samples of dermal nodules were collected where amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were observed. We concluded that dermal nodule cytology was a complementary method for diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis in a dog negative at parasitological evaluation of bone marrow and lymph node samples.

Sarna knemidocóptica (Knemidokoptes spp. ) Em periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus): relato de caso / Knemidocoptic mange (Knemidokoptes spp. ) In australian parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus): case report

Sarna knemidocóptica apresenta relevante importância na clínica e criação de aves. São caracterizadas como ectoparasitos penetrantes, escavadores de túneis dérmicos de hospedeiros susceptíveis, causando-lhes lesões cutâneas graves e parasitando extensa gama de espécies, principalmente aquelas criadas em cativeiro. Periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus) são uma das aves psitacídeas mais comumente mantidas como animais de companhia e, destacando-se entre outras ectoparasitoses, como: ácaros das penas, dos ninhos e larvas de moscas, está o gênero Knemidokoptes spp., responsável pela sarna dos periquitos. Neste relato, foram observados sete M. undulatus da variedade inglesa, adultos sendo quatro fêmeas e 3 machos obtidos na cidade de Porto Ferreira, São Paulo. As aves apresentavam-se irritadas, coçando-se, com mutilações variadas. Pode-se observar níveis distintos de patologia nos exemplares e lesões foram observadas em toda a extensão da pele: do crânio, cera (nariz), bico, derme das asas, cauda e membros inferiores (patas), levado a ausência de penas, formação de placas elevadas de superfície irregular, porosa de coloração brancacenta e aspecto crostoso poroso. Os bordos das lesões apresentavam-se avermelhadas, onde as aves bicavam para coçar até se mutilarem. Foi coletado material córneo das áreas lesionadas e em 100%, observou-se ao microscópio óptico (40x), instares da sarna que, por características morfológicas e parasitárias, sugere-se ser a espécie K. pilae. Cinco dos sete animais: quatro fêmeas e um macho, com maior nível de lesões vieram a óbito mesmo iniciado o tratamento e duas aves: macho, menos infestadas foram curadas, porém perdurando sequelas dérmicas e hábito de coçar os membros. Este é o primeiro relato, comprovado por identificação microscópica do ácaro parasitando periquitos padrão inglês atendidos em Descalvado, SP.

Knemidocoptic mange is of relevant importance in clinical and poultry breeding. They are characterized as penetrating ectoparasites, burrowing into dermal tunnels of susceptible hosts, causing severe skin lesions and parasitizing a wide range of species, especially those bred in captivity. Australian parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) are one of the parrot birds most commonly kept as companion animals and, standing out among other ectoparasitosis such as: feather mites, nest mites and fly larvae, is the genus Knemidokoptes spp., responsible for mange of birds. parakeets. In this report, seven M. undulatus of the English variety were observed, adults, four females and 3 males, obtained in the city of Porto Ferreira, São Paulo. The birds were irritated, scratching themselves, with various mutilations. Different levels of pathology can be observed in the specimens and lesions were observed along the entire length of the skin: skull, wax (nose), beak, wing dermis, tail and lower limbs (legs), leading to the absence of feathers, formation of raised plaques with irregular surface, porous, whitish color and scaly porous appearance. The edges of the lesions were reddened, where the birds pecked to scratch until they mutilated themselves. Corneal material was collected from the injured areas and 100% of the scab instars were observed under an optical microscope (40x), which, due to morphological and parasitic characteristics, is suggested to be the species K. pilae. Five of the seven animals: four females and one male, with a higher level of lesions, died even after the treatment was started, and two birds: male, less infested were cured, but with dermal sequelae and the habit of scratching the limbs. This is the first report, confirmed by microscopic identification of the mite parasitizing English standard parakeets in Descalvado, SP.

Sarna knemidocóptica (Knemidokoptes spp. ) Em periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus): relato de caso / Knemidocoptic mange (Knemidokoptes spp. ) In australian parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus): case report

Sarna knemidocóptica apresenta relevante importância na clínica e criação de aves. São caracterizadas como ectoparasitos penetrantes, escavadores de túneis dérmicos de hospedeiros susceptíveis, causando-lhes lesões cutâneas graves e parasitando extensa gama de espécies, principalmente aquelas criadas em cativeiro. Periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus) são uma das aves psitacídeas mais comumente mantidas como animais de companhia e, destacando-se entre outras ectoparasitoses, como: ácaros das penas, dos ninhos e larvas de moscas, está o gênero Knemidokoptes spp., responsável pela sarna dos periquitos. Neste relato, foram observados sete M. undulatus da variedade inglesa, adultos sendo quatro fêmeas e 3 machos obtidos na cidade de Porto Ferreira, São Paulo. As aves apresentavam-se irritadas, coçando-se, com mutilações variadas. Pode-se observar níveis distintos de patologia nos exemplares e lesões foram observadas em toda a extensão da pele: do crânio, cera (nariz), bico, derme das asas, cauda e membros inferiores (patas), levado a ausência de penas, formação de placas elevadas de superfície irregular, porosa de coloração brancacenta e aspecto crostoso poroso. Os bordos das lesões apresentavam-se avermelhadas, onde as aves bicavam para coçar até se mutilarem. Foi coletado material córneo das áreas lesionadas e em 100%, observou-se ao microscópio óptico (40x), instares da sarna que, por características morfológicas e parasitárias, sugere-se ser a espécie K. pilae. Cinco dos sete animais: quatro fêmeas e um macho, com maior nível de lesões vieram a óbito mesmo iniciado o tratamento e duas aves: macho, menos infestadas foram curadas, porém perdurando sequelas dérmicas e hábito de coçar os membros. Este é o primeiro relato, comprovado por identificação microscópica do ácaro parasitando periquitos padrão inglês atendidos em Descalvado, SP.(AU)

Knemidocoptic mange is of relevant importance in clinical and poultry breeding. They are characterized as penetrating ectoparasites, burrowing into dermal tunnels of susceptible hosts, causing severe skin lesions and parasitizing a wide range of species, especially those bred in captivity. Australian parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) are one of the parrot birds most commonly kept as companion animals and, standing out among other ectoparasitosis such as: feather mites, nest mites and fly larvae, is the genus Knemidokoptes spp., responsible for mange of birds. parakeets. In this report, seven M. undulatus of the English variety were observed, adults, four females and 3 males, obtained in the city of Porto Ferreira, São Paulo. The birds were irritated, scratching themselves, with various mutilations. Different levels of pathology can be observed in the specimens and lesions were observed along the entire length of the skin: skull, wax (nose), beak, wing dermis, tail and lower limbs (legs), leading to the absence of feathers, formation of raised plaques with irregular surface, porous, whitish color and scaly porous appearance. The edges of the lesions were reddened, where the birds pecked to scratch until they mutilated themselves. Corneal material was collected from the injured areas and 100% of the scab instars were observed under an optical microscope (40x), which, due to morphological and parasitic characteristics, is suggested to be the species K. pilae. Five of the seven animals: four females and one male, with a higher level of lesions, died even after the treatment was started, and two birds: male, less infested were cured, but with dermal sequelae and the habit of scratching the limbs. This is the first report, confirmed by microscopic identification of the mite parasitizing English standard parakeets in Descalvado, SP.(AU)

Presença de leishmaniassp. Em nódulo dérmico de um cão negativo aos testes parasitológicos de linfonodo e medula óssea / Presence of Leishmania spp. in a dermal nodule of a dog negative at parasitological tests of lymph node and bone marrow

A leishmaniose visceral canina, zoonose de grande importância para a saúde pública, é uma enfermidade crônica que resulta em sinais clínicos variados, dificultando seu diagnóstico. O diagnóstico definitivo da doença em cães baseia-se nos sinais clínicos associados à exames parasitológicos que, além de serem rápidos, possuem alta especificidade. Objetivou-se relatar a detecção de formas amastigotas de Leishmaniaspp. por meio de citologia de nódulos dérmicos de um cão com ausência de formas amastigotas, ao exame parasitológico, em amostras de medula óssea, linfonodos poplíteos e cervicais superficial direito e esquerdo. Uma cadela, poodle, de dez anos, com histórico de problemas dermatológicos e surgimento de nódulos dérmicos nas regiões dorsal e interdigital há cerca de dois anos foi avaliada. Ao exame físico observou-se alopecia discreta e difusa na região dorsal, com descamação. Era possível se observar nódulos com cerca de 3-5 cm de diâmetro, bem delimitados, sólidos e com aspecto inflamado nas regiões dorsal e interdigital; o animal também apresentava onicogrifose. Após avaliação clínica, realizou-se citologia de medula óssea, linfonodos poplíteos e cervicais superficiais, sendo estes negativos para a presença de formas de parasitas. Adicionalmente, amostras citológicas dos nódulos dérmicos foram colhidas tendo sido observadas formas amastigotas de Leishmaniaspp. nesses materiais. Conclui-se que a citologia do nódulo dérmico foi um método complementar de diagnóstico de leishmaniose em um cão negativo ao exame parasitológico de amostras de medula óssea e linfonodos.(AU)

Canine visceral leishmaniasis, a zoonosis of great public health importance, is a chronic disease that presents varied clinical signs, making its diagnosis very difficult. The definitive diagnosis of this disease is based on clinical signs associated with parasitological evaluations which, in addition to being quick, show high specificity. The objective of this study was to report the detection of amastigote forms of Leishmaniaspp. by cytology of dermal nodules from a dog negative at parasitological tests of bone marrow, popliteal and right superficial cervical and left lymph node samples. A female dog with a history of dermatological problems and the appearance of dermal nodules in the dorsal and interdigital regions was treated during the past two years. At physical examination, a slight diffuse alopecia was noted on the dorsal region, with desquamation. It was also possible to observe well defined nodules measuring about 3-5 cm of diameter, solid and with an inflammatory aspect on the dorsal and interdigital regions; the dog also presented onychogryphosis. After clinical evaluation, bone marrow, popliteal and superficial cervical lymph node aspiration biopsies were performed, and all of these were negative for the presence of parasites. Additionally, cytological samples of dermal nodules were collected where amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were observed. We concluded that dermal nodule cytology was a complementary method for diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis in a dog negative at parasitological evaluation of bone marrow and lymph node samples.(AU)

Dermatite associada ao consumo de farelo de arroz desengordurado em bovinos na região sul do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Dermatitis associated with the intake of defatted rice bran by cattle in the Southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul

Background: Dermatitis associated with defatted rice bran (DRB) seems to be an underdiagnosed disease in Brazilian confined herds, characterized by localized skin lesions that develop mainly on hind limbs, and can affect any animal category. In this context, the goal of the present study was to describe an outbreak of dermatitis associated with the consumption of defatted rice bran on a property in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, demonstrating the clinical, hematological and epidemiological characteristics of the animals, as well as alternatives for the definitive diagnosis. Cases: Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained by anamnesis with the technician responsible for the property. Aberdeen Angus and crossbred males, with 24 to 36 months of age, with an average of 413 kg, from a property in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul were analyzed. From a batch of 45 cattle, from 24 to 36 months of age, 20 presented lesions on hind limbs 8-17 days after supplementation of a commercial feed containing defatted rice bran. To assist in the diagnosis, blood samples were drawn into vacuum tubes with 10% EDTA, for a complete blood count with the investigation of hemoparasites, and without anticoagulant, for liver function tests. In addition, lesion tissue samples were also collected for bacteriological, mycological and histopathological examination and the ration offered to the animals, for intradermal tests. There were no significant hematological and biochemical changes in animals that developed DRB dermatitis, except when they have an associated secondary infection. The fungal research was negative. The bacterial culture revealed a growth of Staphylococcus aureus, possibly due to secondary infection resulting from the lesions. In histopathological examination, lesions were characterized by areas of alopecia, thickening of the epidermis, forming dry, thick crusts, and some ulcerative and serosanguineous lesions. Histologically, lesions were characterized by marked hyperkeratosis, ulceration, and in the superficial dermis, intense inflammatory infiltrate of eosinophils and lymphocytes. Histologic changes, although not pathognomonic, are typically described in this disease. The intradermal test was performed to contribute to the diagnosis of the disease, where a significant increase in volume was found between measurements on animals that developed the disease. It is believed that the disease is produced due to a food hypersensitivity as a consequence of the high protein level in DRB. The results of the intradermal test indicate that the animals developed hypersensitivity and reaction to proteins, and further research is required to determine the protein fraction leading to hypersensitivity reactions. Discussion: In the present study, acute lesions in hind limbs in a significant number of animals of the same batch in a short period of time after supplementation with a diet containing defatted rice bran, enabled a clinical diagnosis suggestive of dermatitis associated with DRB consumption. Through epidemiological data, reactive intradermal test, associated with the findings of the histopathological exam, which showed characteristic lesions of the disease (alopecia, erythema, epidermis thickening, with the formation of thick crusts, usually on hind limbs in the region of the hoof coronary band, progressing to pastern and fetlock), it was possible to establish the clinical-pathological diagnosis of dermatitis associated with the consumption of defatted rice bran.

Terapêutica não antimicrobiana associada à laserterapia no tratamento da dermatite piotraumática canina: relato de caso / Non-antimicrobial therapeutic associated to laser therapy in treatment of canine pyotraumatic dermatitis: case report

Objetivou-se relatar um caso de dermatite piotraumática em um canino adulto, tratado sem uso de antimicrobianos associado à laserterapia. Foi encaminhado para atendimento clínico, um cão macho, 8 anos de idade, apresentando lesões em pele, alopecia e seborreia oleosa intensa. Na avaliação clínica, o animal apresentou os parâmetros normais para espécie, entretanto em decorrência das lesões apresentadas foram solicitados exames citológico e parasitológico de pele, que evidenciaram a presença de processo inflamatório agudo com evidenciação sugestiva de bactérias e Demodex canis no parasitológico, respectivamente. O tratamento proposto consistiu no uso de xampu a base de Clorexidina, suplementos a base de vitaminas e minerais, antiparasitário, glicocorticóide oral e posteriormente tópico, ômega3 e imunoestimulante, além de uma sessão de laserterapia. No último retorno, o animal apresentou o pelo refeito. A dermatite piotraumática, apesar de fácil diagnóstico, requer total atenção no que concerne a resposta individualizada de cada animal perante a afecção, neste caso o acompanhamento constante realizado pelo médico veterinário, proporcionou o estabelecimento da conduta terapêutica mais adequada, sem o uso de antimicrobianos em associação a laserterapia, para resolução do problema e o restabelecimento da saúde do animal.

The aim of this study was to report a case of pyotraumatic dermatitis in an adult canine that was treated without the use of antimicrobials associated to laser therapy. An 8-year-old male dog with skin lesions, alopecia, and severe oily seborrhoea was referred for clinical care. In the clinical evaluation, the animal presented normal parameters for the species, however due to the lesions presented, cytopathological and parasitological skin examinations were requested, which evidenced the presence of an infectious inflammatory process, suggestive of bacteria, at the cytopathological examination, and Demodex canis in the parasitological assay. The proposed treatment consisted of baths with shampoo based on chlorhexidine with miconazole, supplements based on vitamins and minerals, antiparasitic, oral glucocorticoid and later topical, omega 3 and immunostimulant, in addition to a phototherapy session. On the last return, the animal presented the remade hair. Pyotraumatic dermatitis, despite being easy to diagnose, requires full attention regarding the individualized response of each animal to the condition. In this case, the constant monitoring performed by the veterinarian, provided the establishment of the most appropriate therapeutic approach to solve the problem and restore the animal's health without the use of antimicrobials, and with the additional laser therapy.

Mesenchymal Stem cells in the context of canine atopic dermatitis: A Review / Células-tronco mesenquimais no contexto da dermatite atópica canina: uma revisão

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and has a high frequency among dermatological diseases. The interaction of genetic factors, skin and environmental conditions affect the expression of the disease, developing a complex pathology. Current multimodal treatment has numerous adverse effects and variations in its efficacy and safety, demonstrating the need to develop safe and effective therapeutic resources for patients with CAD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, with special characteristics, such as self-renewal, immunomodulatory properties, and de-differentiation, making them useful for several clinical problems. The discovery of the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs on T cells has opened the potential for new perspectives with its use as a therapeutic agent for immune diseases, such as CAD. The scarce number of research using the MSC as a treatment for CAD result in the lack of knowledge about the benefits and possible protocols to be followed for the use of this cell therapy. In this review, we highlighted the clinical studies and potential biological mechanisms of MSC-based cell therapy effects attenuating canine atopic dermatitis compared to conventional treatment, which might lead to a safe improvement of the animals clinical condition in a short period without causing adverse effects.(AU)

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma doença inflamatória crônica da pele e tem alta frequência entre as doenças dermatológicas. A interação de fatores genéticos, pele e condições ambientais afetam a expressão da doença, desenvolvendo uma patologia complexa. O tratamento multimodal atual apresenta inúmeros efeitos adversos e variações em sua eficácia e segurança, demonstrando a necessidade de desenvolver recursos terapêuticos seguros e eficazes para pacientes com DAC. As células-tronco mesenquimais (CTM) são células multipotentes, com características especiais, como auto renovação, propriedades imunomoduladoras e desdiferenciação, tornando-se úteis para diversos problemas clínicos. A descoberta do efeito imunossupressor das CTMs sobre as células T abriu o potencial para novas perspectivas com sua utilização como agente terapêutico para doenças imunológicas, como a DAC. O escasso número de pesquisas utilizando o MSC como tratamento para DAC resulta no desconhecimento dos benefícios e dos possíveis protocolos a serem seguidos para a utilização dessa terapia celular. Nesta revisão, destacamos os estudos clínicos e os potenciais mecanismos biológicos dos efeitos da terapia celular baseada em MSC que atenuam a dermatite atópica canina em comparação com o tratamento convencional, podendo levar a uma melhora segura da condição clínica do animal em um curto período, sem causar efeitos adversos.(AU)

Terapêutica não antimicrobiana associada à laserterapia no tratamento da dermatite piotraumática canina: relato de caso / Non-antimicrobial therapeutic associated to laser therapy in treatment of canine pyotraumatic dermatitis: case report

Objetivou-se relatar um caso de dermatite piotraumática em um canino adulto, tratado sem uso de antimicrobianos associado à laserterapia. Foi encaminhado para atendimento clínico, um cão macho, 8 anos de idade, apresentando lesões em pele, alopecia e seborreia oleosa intensa. Na avaliação clínica, o animal apresentou os parâmetros normais para espécie, entretanto em decorrência das lesões apresentadas foram solicitados exames citológico e parasitológico de pele, que evidenciaram a presença de processo inflamatório agudo com evidenciação sugestiva de bactérias e Demodex canis no parasitológico, respectivamente. O tratamento proposto consistiu no uso de xampu a base de Clorexidina, suplementos a base de vitaminas e minerais, antiparasitário, glicocorticóide oral e posteriormente tópico, ômega3 e imunoestimulante, além de uma sessão de laserterapia. No último retorno, o animal apresentou o pelo refeito. A dermatite piotraumática, apesar de fácil diagnóstico, requer total atenção no que concerne a resposta individualizada de cada animal perante a afecção, neste caso o acompanhamento constante realizado pelo médico veterinário, proporcionou o estabelecimento da conduta terapêutica mais adequada, sem o uso de antimicrobianos em associação a laserterapia, para resolução do problema e o restabelecimento da saúde do animal.(AU)

The aim of this study was to report a case of pyotraumatic dermatitis in an adult canine that was treated without the use of antimicrobials associated to laser therapy. An 8-year-old male dog with skin lesions, alopecia, and severe oily seborrhoea was referred for clinical care. In the clinical evaluation, the animal presented normal parameters for the species, however due to the lesions presented, cytopathological and parasitological skin examinations were requested, which evidenced the presence of an infectious inflammatory process, suggestive of bacteria, at the cytopathological examination, and Demodex canis in the parasitological assay. The proposed treatment consisted of baths with shampoo based on chlorhexidine with miconazole, supplements based on vitamins and minerals, antiparasitic, oral glucocorticoid and later topical, omega 3 and immunostimulant, in addition to a phototherapy session. On the last return, the animal presented the remade hair. Pyotraumatic dermatitis, despite being easy to diagnose, requires full attention regarding the individualized response of each animal to the condition. In this case, the constant monitoring performed by the veterinarian, provided the establishment of the most appropriate therapeutic approach to solve the problem and restore the animal's health without the use of antimicrobials, and with the additional laser therapy.(AU)

Spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Froelichia humboldtiana in cattle / Intoxicação espontânea e experimental por Froelichia humboldtiana em bovinos

The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of two outbreaks of spontaneous poisoning caused by Froelichia humboldtiana in cattle in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil and reproduce experimentally this poisoning in cattle. Spontaneous poisonings of primary photosensitization occurred in two farms at the municipalities of Cachoeirinha and São Caetano and affected twenty-two adult bovines and two suckling calves after the rainy season. All bovines have recovered 21 days after they were removed from the pasture. To reproduce experimental poisoning, three cows and a calf were maintained in a pasture with 1ha composed by F. humboldtiana during 14 days. Clinical signs and skin lesions were similar in both spontaneous and experimental poisoning and consisted of cutaneous itching and hyperemia of non-pigmented areas of skin that evolved into edema, exudative dermatitis and extensive areas of skin necrosis. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), total, direct and indirect bilirubin were normal in all cattle examined. Histologically, lesions consisted of epidermal necrosis, hyperkeratosis with large amounts of degenerate neutrophils and acanthosis. In the dermis, edema and inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells mainly around the blood vessels were observed. In the experimental group, clinical signs of photosensitization were observed after the third day of F. humboldtiana consumption. The suckling calf displayed mild clinical signs of photodermatitis on the 8th day of the experiment. It was estimated that the average consumption of F. humboldtiana necessary to initiate clinical signs in each adult bovine was 78kg.(AU)

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de dois surtos de intoxicação por Froelichia humboldtiana em bovinos em Pernambuco e reproduzir experimentalmente essa intoxicação em bovinos. Intoxicações espontâneas foram observadas após o início do período chuvoso nos municípios de Cachoerinha e São Caetano. Vinte e dois bovinos apresentaram sinais clínicos e lesões cutâneas compatíveis com fotossensibilização primária, dentre os quais, dois bezerros lactentes. Todos os bovinos se recuperaram totalmente cerca de 21 dias após serem retirados da pastagem. Para reproduzir experimentalmente a intoxicação, três vacas, uma delas com bezerro ao pé, foram mantidas em um piquete de 1ha composto por F. humboldtiana por 14 dias consecutivos. O quadro clínico e as lesões tegumentares, tanto nos bovinos intoxicados nos surtos espontâneos, quanto nos bovinos do experimento consistiram em prurido e hiperemia em áreas despigmentadas de pele, que evoluíam para edema, dermatite exsudativa e necrose de áreas extensas de pele. Em todos os bovinos examinados, os níveis séricos de aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT), bilirrubina total, direta e indireta estavam normais. Histologicamente, as lesões consistiram em necrose da epiderme, hiperqueratose com grande quantidade de neutrófilos degenerados e acantose. Na derme havia edema e infiltrado inflamatório composto por eosinófilos, linfócitos e plasmócitos principalmente ao redor dos vasos sanguíneos. Nos bovinos do experimento, sinais clínicos de fotossensibilização foram observados após o terceiro dia de consumo de F. humboldtiana. O bezerro lactente apresentou sinais clínicos leves de fotodermatite no 8º dia do experimento. Estimou-se que o consumo médio de matéria seca de F. humboldtiana necessário para iniciar os sinais clínicos em cada bovino adulto foi de 78kg.(AU)