The Effects of Yucca Schidigera Extract and Multi-carbohydrase in Different Crude Protein Diets on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Carcass Parameters and Excreta Noxious Gas Contents in Broilers

The scarcity and increase in the price of animal feeds have attracted the attention of nutritionists to address this issue. The inclusion of plant extracts and enzymes to protein-reduced diet could be a feasible strategy to reducing the feed cost. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the impacts of Yucca schidigera extract and multi-carbohydrase in low crude protein (CP) diets of broiler on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass metrics, and noxious gas levels in the excreta. A total of 480, 1-d-old ROSS 308 were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatments, six replication, and 20 birds/cage. Phase 1, T1(CP 21%, ME 2,969 kcal/kg); T2 (CP 19%, ME 2,863 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca); T3 (CP 17%, ME 2,865 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca); T4 (CP 17%, ME 2,861 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca + 0.1% multi-carbohydrase). Phase 2, T1 (CP 19%, ME 3,086 kcal/kg); T2 (CP 17%, ME 2,977 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca); T3 (CP 15%, ME 2,978 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca); T4 (CP 15%, ME 2,978 kcal/kg + 0.02% Yucca + 0.1% 0.1% multi-carbohydrase). Although the addition of YS and multi-carbohydrase to the low CP diets on the growth performance did not improve, it revealed the positive result on the nutrient digestibility, carcass parameters, and noxious gas emission. Overall, broilers supplemented with YS 0.02% and multi-carbohydrase (0.1%) demonstrated the best production performances compared to the other treatment groups. Thus, a combination of YS and multi-carbohydrase could be added to the diets with low CP to boost broiler production performance.(AU)

Effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lepidium meyenii Walp (red and black maca) on Caenorhabditis elegans

Lepidium meyenii(maca) is a Peruviannutraceutical plant, whose hypocotyl has a variety of colors ranging from black to white. The black and red varieties of maca have been the most studied since their extracts are associated with effects such as increased sperm count, decreased glucose levels, reversal of prostatic hyperplasia, among others. However, the properties related to reduction of oxidative stress, metabolic diseases and anti-aging have not yet been confirmed. The aim was to evaluate the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts, obtained from spray-dried hydroalcoholic extract of hypocotyl of black and red maca (Lepidium meyenii), on mortality, growth, reproduction, lipid accumulation and the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress and heat shock, in the in-vivomodel,Caenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans), using different concentrations. The results showed that maca extracts were not toxic to the modelat concentrations below 100 mg L-1. However, higher concentrations caused high mortality, growth disturbances, oxidativestress and lipid accumulation. Black maca extracts increased the reproduction of C. elegansby increasing the number of offspring in C. elegans, both in aqueous and ethanolic extracts. On the other hand, ethanolic extracts produced an increase in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, indicating a mild stressor behavior of the same. C. elegansrepresents an established model for evaluating the biological properties of nutraceutical plants of biological interest and can be used in the search for antioxidant activity of L. meyenii(hypocotyl), as well as it can be used in future studies to identify some metabolites involved in each biological property and to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in these properties.(AU)

Efficacy of Ficus carica leaf extract on morphological and molecular behavior of mice germ stem cells

Infertility is one of the most prevalent health disorders in reproductive-age males and females. Ficus carica (Fc), an herbal plant, has been used traditionally for the treatment of different diseases such as infertility especially in Iranian folk medicine. This study examined the effects of Fc leaf extract on the proliferation of mice spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Phenolic, flavonoid content, major polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated respectively by Folin-Ciocateu, aluminum chloride, HPLC and the FRAP and DPPH methods. Testicular cells of neonate mice were extracted and their identity was confirmed using cytokeratin for Sertoli and Oct-4, CDHI and PLZF for SSCs. Effects of Fc (0.0875, 0.175, 0.35, 0.71 and 1.42 mg/ml) was evaluated at third, 7th, 9th and 14th days of culture by colony assay. The expression of the Mvh, GFRα1 and Oct-4 genes and the viability and proliferation of cultured cells was assessed at the end of the culture period. The extract has a rich phenolic and flavonoid content such as Rutin, Psoralen, Bergapten and Caffeoylmalic acid using HPLC analysis. It also had a potent reducing and radical scavenging activity. Morphology of colonies was similar in all groups. Higher viability, proliferation, colony number and diameter of SSCs was seen in the presence of Fc leaf extract in a dosedependent manner so that higher number and diameter of colonies were observed in two higher doses of 0.71 and 1.42 mg/ml, separately for each time point relative to other groups. The Mvh, Oct-4 and GFRα1 genes expression had no significant differences between groups. It seems that Fc leaf extract not only had no any cytotoxic effects on the viability and proliferation of SSCs but also support their stemness state. So, this culture system can be employed for enrichment of germ stem cells for use in clinical applications.(AU)

Milk production and hematological and antioxidant profiles of dairy cows supplemented with oregano and green tea extracts as feed additives

We aimed to evaluate the effects of the addition of oregano (Origanum vulgare) or green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extracts (separately and associated) on feed intake, milk production, and hematological and antioxidant profiles of dairy cows. For that purpose, 16 Holstein and 16 Holstein-Gyr cows with 526.3±10.2 kg and within the first third of lactation were distributed according to a complete block design with measurements repeated in time. Treatments were control (CON), addition of 0.056% of oregano extract (OR), addition of 0.028% of green tea extract (GT), addition of a mixture of OR and GT extract (0.056% each) in the diet (MIX). Hematological and antioxidant profiles were monitored. Data were subjected to ANOVA, with block, treatment, days, and their interactions considered as fixed effects and animal and the residue as random effects. In Holstein cows, GT increased feed intake and milk yield compared with CON; in Holstein-Gyr crossbred cows, OR showed increased intake and GT increased milk yield compared with CON. Compared with CON, GT and OR decreased eosinophils concentration; OR showed the highest neutrophils concentration and neutrophils to leukocyte ratio. Compared with CON, OR presented increased catalase (CAT) activity, while GT increased the reduced glutathione concentration. The MIX treatment reduced CAT activity compared with OR, presented the lowest concentration of oxidized dichlorofluorescein in the erythrocytes (DCFER) and plasma (DCFPLA), and increased eosinophils concentration compared with GT and OR. Extracts differently affected feed intake and milk yield depending on genetic group. Feeding green tea and oregano extracts separately or associated distinctly affects the antioxidant indicators of lactating dairy cows.(AU)

Effect of the Supplementation of Plant Extracts Based Additive in Broiler Chicken Diets on Productive Performance, Carcass Yield, and Meat Quality

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of an additive based on plant and spice extracts in broiler chicken diets on the productive performance, carcass yield, and meat quality. 704 male broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 4 treatment, 4 replicates of 44 broiler chickens each. The experimental diets consisted of Diet 1: Control diet; Diet 2: Control diet + antibiotic growth promoters (AGP); Diet 3: Control diet + vegetable extracts (100 g/ton) and Diet 4: Control diet + vegetable extracts (150 g/ton). The vegetable extracts used were carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol extracted from oregano, cinnamon, and cloves. The supplementation of vegetal extracts did not affect (p>0.05) broiler chickens' productive performance or carcass yield. The lipid peroxidation (MDA nmol/mg protein) in the meat in natura was decreased (p<0.05) for broilers supplemented with vegetable extracts. The supplementation of 100 or 150 g/ton of vegetal extracts based on carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol did not affect broiler chickens' productive performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, and inhibited MDA production in broilers' in natura meat.(AU)

Evaluation of olive leaf extract as a growth promoter on the performance, blood biochemical parameters, and caecal microflora of broiler chickens

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of an alcoholic liquid olive leaf extract (OLE) obtained from fresh leaves on the growth performance, carcass weight, caecal microflora, and some plasma variables, such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in broiler chickens. A total of 375 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into five treatments with five replicate pens (15 birds each) per treatment. The birds were fed either a basal diet with no supplement (control), with 75 (OLE75), 150 (OLE150), 300 (OLE300), and 600 (OLE600) mg kg−1 oleuropein, provided by 0.66, 1.33, 2.65, and 5.32 g kg−1 of the OLE. The dietary supplementation of OLE linearly increased daily body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and carcass weight and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Although the OLE600 broilers had the highest daily FI among the treatments, there were significant increases in their BWG and improvements in FCR compared with the control, OLE75, and OLE150 birds. The carcass weights of OLE150, OLE300, and OLE600 birds were higher than those of the control group. The OLE600 diet increased the dressing percentage compared with the OLE75, OLE150, and OLE300 diets. The abdominal fat weight and the plasma HDL concentration of the control broilers were lower than those of all OLE birds. All doses of OLE supplementation decreased the caecal E. coli content. A growth-promoting effect is obtained from the dietary supplementation of 600 mg kg−1 oleuropein due to its beneficial effect on growth performance and caecal microflora populations of broilers.(AU)

The effect of pycnogenol on lymphatic nodes and adhesion during in a peritoneal adhesion model in rats

Purpose: To investigate the effects of pycnogenol on peritoneal adhesions and additionally to investigate the immunohistochemical effects of free oxygen radicals and reactive lymph nodes detected in the adhesive tissue that was sampled surrounding the cecum on intra-abdominal adhesions. Methods: Twenty-seven Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. In group 1 (sham), laparotomy was performed and stitched up. In group 2 (control), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and each rat was intraperitoneally administered 2 cc of saline. In group 3 (experimental), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and each rat was intraperitoneally administered a sterile Pycnogenol derivative. The rats in all groups were re-laparotomized on postoperative day 7; samples were obtained from the peritoneal tissue surrounding the cecum, and the rats were sacrificed. Results: In group 3, there was a statistically significant difference in terms of inflammation, lymph node size, and free oxygen radicals; these parameters tended to increase. In terms of fibrosis evaluated using H&E and MT, there was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: No positive outcomes indicating that pycnogenol reduces intra-abdominal adhesions were obtained. However, it caused severe inflammation in the tissue. Moreover, a significant increase in lymph node size was detected secondary to inflammation. Additionally, in immunohistochemical analyses conducted to detect oxidative stress, pycnogenol increased the production of free oxygen radicals in the tissue.(AU)

Avaliação do extrato alcoólico de hibisco (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. ) como fator de proteção antibacteriana e antioxidante / Evaluation of the alcoholic extract of hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. ) as a protective antibacterial and antioxidant component

O hibisco ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) possui propriedades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas, e pode ser utilizado como planta medicinal e alimento funcional. Este estudo determinou a intensidade de atividade de inibição (IINIB) e a inativação bacteriana (IINAB) in vitro de dois extratos alcoólicos, obtidos de cálices e frutos com sementes de diferentes acessos de hibisco. As análises foram efetuadas sobre as bactérias de padrão internacional, Enterococcus faecalis , E. coli , Salmonella Enteritidis e S. aureus , associando-se os resultados aos polifenóis totais e antocianinas. Diferenças significativas na atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos alcoólicos foram observadas em ambos os acessos . Salmonella Enteritidis (11,5) e E. coli (12) foram as bactérias mais sensíveis, respectivamente, aos extratos alcoólicos de cálices de hibisco e dos frutos com sementes. S. aureus (5,2 e 0,1) foi a mais resistente a ambos os extratos. Os valores de IINIB foram predominantemente maiores quando comparados aos de IINAB , o que indica que geralmente a atividade bacteriostática é maior do que a bactericida . Os valores de polifenóis totais e de antocianinas do extrato alcoólico de cálices apresentaram diferença significativa e foram superiores aos do extrato alcoólico dos frutos com sementes. Possivelmente exista associação direta entre a concentração de antocianina e a atividade antibacteriana em diferentes estruturas vegetais do hibisco.(AU)

The hibiscus ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, it can be used as functional food and medicinal plant. This study aimed at determining the intensity of activity inhibition (IINIB) and of inactivation (IINAB) of two alcoholic extracts obtained from calyxes and fruits with seeds of different accesses of hibiscus on international standards bacterial Enterococcus faecalis , Escherichia coli , Salmonella Enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus . And the correlation between these results and the presence of total polyphenols and anthocyanins was done. The antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract from both accesses showed a significant difference . While Salmonella Enteritidis (11,5) and Escherichia coli (12) were more susceptible to the alcoholic extract from hibiscus calyxes and fruits with seeds, respectively, the Staphylococcus aureus (5.2 e 0.1) was the most resistant in both extracts. The IINIB values were higher than IINAB values , showing that the bacteriostatic activity was usually higher than the bactericide. Total polyphenols and anthocyanins contents in calyxes alcoholic extract showed a significant difference, and they were higher than in alcohol extract from fruits with seeds. It seems likely that occurs a direct correlation between the anthocyanin concentration and the antibacterial activity in different structures of the hibiscus plant.(AU)

Effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus / Efeito de seis extratos de plantas taniníferas tropicais sobre o desembainhamento larvar de Haemochus contortus

Tanniferous plants represent a promising alternative for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. This experiment evaluated the effects of extracts from the leaf and stem of Anadenanthera colubrina, Leucaena leucocephala and Mimosa tenuiflora on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus in vitro and verified the role of tannins in this process. Third-stage larvae of H. contortus were incubated with extracts for 3 hours and were exposed to sodium hypochlorite solution. The extracts were tested at 300 μg.mL–1 and accompanied by controls: phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP). The larval exsheathment was evaluated for 60 minutes, and the results were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). The six extracts blocked larval exsheathment. After PVPP addition, a tannin inhibitor, the exsheathment percentage was similar to the PBS (p > 0.05), except for L. leucocephala and M. tenuiflora leaf extracts. However, pre-incubation with PVPP of these two extracts significantly changed larval exsheathment when compared to the non-treated extracts (p < 0.05). These results suggest that A. colubrina, L. leucocephala and M. tenuiflora could be useful in gastrointestinal nematode control and that tannins are probably the main compounds involved in the observed effects. However, in vivo and toxicological studies should be conducted.(AU)

Plantas taniníferas representam uma promissora alternativa de controle dos nematóides gastrintestinais de pequenos ruminantes. Esse experimento avaliou in vitro os efeitos dos extratos das folhas e caules de Anadenanthera colubrina, Leucaena leucocephala e Mimosa tenuiflora sobre o desembainhamento larvar de Haemonchus contortus e verificou o papel dos taninos nesse processo. Larvas de terceiro estádio de H. contortus foram incubadas com 300 μg.mL–1 de extrato por 3 horas e expostas a uma solução de hipoclorito de sódio. O ensaio foi acompanhado por controles: solução salina tamponada com fosfato (PBS) e polivinilpolipirrolidona (PVPP). O desembainhamento larvar foi avaliado durante 60 minutos e os resultados submetidos ao teste Kruskal-Wallis (p < 0,05). Os seis extratos bloquearam o desembainhamento larvar. Após adição de PVPP, um inibidor de taninos, o percentual de desembainhamento foi similar ao PBS (p > 0,05), exceto nos extratos das folhas de L. leucocephala e M. tenuiflora. Entretanto, a pré-incubação desses dois extratos com PVPP alterou significativamente o desembainhamento quando comparado com extratos não-tratados (p < 0,05). Esses resultados sugerem que A. colubrina, L. leucocephala e M. tenuiflora podem ser úteis no controle de nematóides gastrintestinais e que os taninos são provavelmente os principais compostos envolvidos nos efeitos. Contudo, estudos toxicológicos e in vivo são necessários.(AU)

Inibição e inativação in vitro de Salmonella spp. com extratos de plantas com indicativo etnográfico medicinal ou condimentar / In vitro inhibition and inactivation activity of Salmonella spp. by plant extracts with spicy or medicinal ethnographic indicative

Determinou-se in vitro a intensidade de atividade de inibição bacteriana e a intensidade de atividade de inativação bacteriana, por meio de testes de diluição e suspensão em sistema de tubos múltiplos, de diferentes extratos, aquosos ou alcoólicos/hidroalcoólicos, de 86 plantas com indicativo etnográfico medicinal ou condimentar acessadas na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, frente a Salmonella spp., ou S. enteritidis ATCC nº 13076, ou S. cholera-suis ATCC nº10708, ou S. gallinarum CPVDF-SAA/RS/BR, em doses-desafio de <10(7)UFC.mL-1. Cinquenta plantas apresentaram alguma atividade seletiva antissalmonela, e 37 nenhuma atividade. Discute-se a validade da ferramenta etnográfica na prospecção de fatores de proteção antibacteriana em plantas, bem como a influência da inibição/inativação na preditividade do diagnóstico bacteriológico.(AU)

The in vitro intensity of bacterial inhibition activity of diverse extracts (aquous, alcoholic, or hydroalcoholic) from 86 plants with medicinal and spicy ethnographic indicative, from Porto Alegre City, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were determinated in Salmonella spp. (S. enteritidis ATCC n.13076, S. cholera-suis ATCC n. 10708, or S. gallinarum CPVDF-SAA/RS/BR) in challenge dose <10(7)CFU.mL-1. Extracts of fifty plants presented some anti-Salmonella selective activity, while the other 36 extracts presented no activity. It is discussed the validity of ethnographic search instruments in the prospection of anti-bacterial protection factors in plants, as well the influence of inhibition/inactivation results in the predictivity of bacteriological diagnostic.(AU)

Avaliação da capacidade de alteração reprodutiva do extrato bruto alcaloídico de Aspidosperma pyrifolium (Apocinacea) em ratas wistar prenhe / Evaluation of reproductive capacity of amendment of crude extract of Aspidosperma alkaloids pyrifolium (Apocinacea) in wistar rats pregnant

A ingestão de plantas tóxicas representa uma importante causa de problemas relacionados ao estado sanitário de rebanhos bovino, caprino e ovino, afetando diferentes áreas da saúde animal, sendo uma delas a reprodução. Várias plantas são capazes, quando ingeridas, de causar dano à saúde dos ruminantes, afetando os mais diferentes órgãos ou sistemas, inclusive o reprodutivo. Este experimento teve o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade de alteração reprodutiva do extrato bruto alcaloídico de Aspidosperma pyrifolium em ratas wistar prenhes. Para isto foram utilizadas 18 ratas prenhes divididas em três grupos experimentais de 06 animais, conforme tratamento recebido por via endoesofágica do primeiro ao vigésimo dia de prenhez, a saber: Grupo I (EP) - animais tratados com Extrato Placebo (01 ml de água/dia); Grupo II (ECA1) - animais tratados com Extrato Concentrado Alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium a 0,002 mg/ml; Grupo III (ECA2) - animais tratados com Extrato Concentrado Alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium a 0,004 mg/ml. Foi observado aumento significativo de peso nos animais do grupo (I) e aumento relativo nos animais do grupo (II), enquanto que os animas do grupo (III) não apresentaram alteração significativa de peso no período da prenhez. Aos 20 dias de gestação, quanto ao número de fetos, foram observados os seguintes resultados: Grupo I, média de 4,33 fetos/fêmea; Grupo II, média de 1,33 fetos/fêmea e Grupo III média de 0,00 fetos/fêmea (fêmeas sem fetos). Conclui-se que o extrato concentrado alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium altera a reprodução de ratas, quando administrado do 1º ao 20º dia de prenhez, provocando perda de peso nas fêmeas e diminuição no número de fetos (concentração de 0,002 mg/ml) e perda de peso e ausência de fetos (concentração de 0,004 mg/ml).

The ingestion of toxic plants is an important cause of problems related to health status of herds cattle, goat and sheep, affecting different areas of animal health, one of the playback. Many plants are capable, when ingested to cause diseases in ruminants, affecting many different organs and systems, including the reproductive system. This experiment aimed to evaluate the ability to change reproductive crude extract alkaloids of Aspidosperma pyrifolium in pregnant wistar rats. We used 18 pregnant rats were divided into three experimental groups of 06 animals each, according to treatment received by gavage from the first until the twentieth day of pregnancy, namely: Group I (EP) - treated animals with the placebo extract (01 ml of water / day); Group II (ECA1) – treated animals with concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium at a concentration of 0.002 mg / ml; Group III (ACE2) - treated animals with concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium at a concentration of 0.004 mg / ml. Significant increase in weight in the animals of group (I) and a relative increase in the animals of group (II), whereas the amines of the group (III) showed no significant change in weight during pregnancy. At 20 days of pregnancy on the number of fetuses, were observed the following results: Group I: average of 4.33 fetuses / female: Group II: average of 1.33 fetuses / female and Group III: average of 0.00 fetuses / female (females without fetuses). It is concluded that the concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium modifying reproduction of rats when administered from 1st to 20th day of pregnancy, causing weight loss in rats and decrease the number of fetuses (concentration 0.002 mg / ml) and weight loss and absence of fetuses (concentration 0.004 mg / ml).

Avaliação da capacidade de alteração reprodutiva do extrato bruto alcaloídico de Aspidosperma pyrifolium (Apocinacea) em ratas wistar prenhe / Evaluation of reproductive capacity of amendment of crude extract of Aspidosperma alkaloids pyrifolium (Apocinacea) in wistar rats pregnant

A ingestão de plantas tóxicas representa uma importante causa de problemas relacionados ao estado sanitário de rebanhos bovino, caprino e ovino, afetando diferentes áreas da saúde animal, sendo uma delas a reprodução. Várias plantas são capazes, quando ingeridas, de causar dano à saúde dos ruminantes, afetando os mais diferentes órgãos ou sistemas, inclusive o reprodutivo. Este experimento teve o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade de alteração reprodutiva do extrato bruto alcaloídico de Aspidosperma pyrifolium em ratas wistar prenhes. Para isto foram utilizadas 18 ratas prenhes divididas em três grupos experimentais de 06 animais, conforme tratamento recebido por via endoesofágica do primeiro ao vigésimo dia de prenhez, a saber: Grupo I (EP) - animais tratados com Extrato Placebo (01 ml de água/dia); Grupo II (ECA1) - animais tratados com Extrato Concentrado Alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium a 0,002 mg/ml; Grupo III (ECA2) - animais tratados com Extrato Concentrado Alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium a 0,004 mg/ml. Foi observado aumento significativo de peso nos animais do grupo (I) e aumento relativo nos animais do grupo (II), enquanto que os animas do grupo (III) não apresentaram alteração significativa de peso no período da prenhez. Aos 20 dias de gestação, quanto ao número de fetos, foram observados os seguintes resultados: Grupo I, média de 4,33 fetos/fêmea; Grupo II, média de 1,33 fetos/fêmea e Grupo III média de 0,00 fetos/fêmea (fêmeas sem fetos). Conclui-se que o extrato concentrado alcaloídico de Aspidospema pirifolium altera a reprodução de ratas, quando administrado do 1º ao 20º dia de prenhez, provocando perda de peso nas fêmeas e diminuição no número de fetos (concentração de 0,002 mg/ml) e perda de peso e ausência de fetos (concentração de 0,004 mg/ml).(AU)

The ingestion of toxic plants is an important cause of problems related to health status of herds cattle, goat and sheep, affecting different areas of animal health, one of the playback. Many plants are capable, when ingested to cause diseases in ruminants, affecting many different organs and systems, including the reproductive system. This experiment aimed to evaluate the ability to change reproductive crude extract alkaloids of Aspidosperma pyrifolium in pregnant wistar rats. We used 18 pregnant rats were divided into three experimental groups of 06 animals each, according to treatment received by gavage from the first until the twentieth day of pregnancy, namely: Group I (EP) - treated animals with the placebo extract (01 ml of water / day); Group II (ECA1) treated animals with concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium at a concentration of 0.002 mg / ml; Group III (ACE2) - treated animals with concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium at a concentration of 0.004 mg / ml. Significant increase in weight in the animals of group (I) and a relative increase in the animals of group (II), whereas the amines of the group (III) showed no significant change in weight during pregnancy. At 20 days of pregnancy on the number of fetuses, were observed the following results: Group I: average of 4.33 fetuses / female: Group II: average of 1.33 fetuses / female and Group III: average of 0.00 fetuses / female (females without fetuses). It is concluded that the concentrated extract alkaloids of Aspidospema pirifolium modifying reproduction of rats when administered from 1st to 20th day of pregnancy, causing weight loss in rats and decrease the number of fetuses (concentration 0.002 mg / ml) and weight loss and absence of fetuses (concentration 0.004 mg / ml).(AU)