Effect of adsorbents on diets with corn contaminated by mycotoxins on the productive performance and health of broilers

A total of 1,296 broiler chicken were housed, distributed in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 6 repetitions. The treatments consisted of a control diet formulated with corn considered adequate and without the addition of adsorbent, a diet formulated with corn naturally contaminated with mycotoxin (CCM) and four diets formulated with CCM and added with different commercial adsorbents. At the end of the first week and at 21 days of age of the birds, it was observed that the control diet resulted in greater (p < 0.05) live weight and weight gain in relation to the inclusion of CCM. The relative weight of the liver was lower for the control group compared to the groups receiving a diet with CCM and CCM + ads D. The relative weight of the proventriculus and cloacal bursa was lower for the control group compared to those who received a diet with CCM + ads B and CCM + ads C. There was no significant effect (p > 0.05) of the diets on the analysis of serum biochemistry and the occurrence of fatty and hydropic degeneration in the liver of broilers. The use of adsorbents can mitigate the harmful effects of mycotoxins, however, these products have specific binding capacity to the type of mycotoxin present in food.(AU)

Effect of administering a diet contamined with fumonisins on the kidneys of wistar rats / Efeito da administração de ração contaminada com a micotoxina fumonisinas sobre os rins de ratos wistar

Fumonisins (FBs) are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium molds. Several works have shown contamination of maize by this toxin. Fumonisin B1 (FB-1) is found in greatest proportion (about 70%), resistant to several industrialization processes. In that context, the objective of this work was to analyze the effect of administering a diet contaminated with FB-1 on the morphophysiology of the kidneys of 21-day old male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 2 groups: G0 (with animals receiving feed free of FBs) and G6 (6mg of FB1 kg-1 of feed). The diet was administered during 42 days. After that period, the animals were placed in metabolic cages for urine collection, blood was collected for analysis of plasma creatinine, and the kidneys were fixed and stained with Masson"s trichrome. We observed that FB1 administration did not affect feed intake, body weight gain and animal growth. The normal levels of plasma creatinine suggest that the toxin did not lead to glomerular lesion. There was also no change in water intake, osmolarity and excretion of sodium in urine. However, there was a significant increase in urine volume and potassium excretion in urine, with mild tubulointerstitial changes in the outer cortex for the group receiving the mycotoxin.(AU)

Fumonisinas (FBs) sمo micotoxinas produzidas por fungos do gênero Fusarium. Diversos trabalhos demonstraram a contaminaçمo do milho por essa toxina. A fumonisina B1 (FB-1) é encontrada em maior proporçمo (cerca de 70%), sendo resistente a vلrios processos de industrializaçمo. De acordo com este contexto, o trabalho em foco teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da administraçمo de dieta contaminada com FB-1 sobre a morfofisiologia renal de ratos Wistar machos, com 21 dias de idade. Os animais foram divididos em 2 grupos: G0 (raçمo isenta de FBs) e G6 (alimentados com 6mg de FB1 kg-1 de raçمo). A dieta foi administrada por 42 dias. Apَs esse perيodo, os animais foram colocados em gaiolas metabَlicas para coleta da urina, o sangue foi coletado para anلlise da creatinina plasmلtica, e os rins fixados e corados pelo Tricrômico de Masson. Observou-se que a administraçمo de FB1 nمo afetou o consumo de raçمo, o ganho de peso e crescimento dos animais. A normalidade nos nيveis da creatinina plasmلtica sugere que a toxina nمo induziu lesمo glomerular. Nمo houve alteraçمo na quantidade de لgua ingerida, na osmolaridade e na excreçمo urinلria do sَdio. No entanto houve aumento significativo no volume urinلrio e na excreçمo urinلria do potلssio e presença de alteraçُes tubulointersticiais de intensidade leve no cَrtex externo, no grupo que recebeu a micotoxina.(AU)