Therapeutic laser with or without andiroba oil in treating cutaneous wounds by second intention in Wistar rats / Laser terapêutico associado ou não ao óleo de andiroba no tratamento de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção em ratos Wistar

This study’s objective was to evaluate the efficacy of treating cutaneous wounds in Wistar rats using a therapeutic laser alone or in combination with topical application of andiroba oil. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed into three groups (T4, T7, and T14) of eight animals. To prepare the wounds, a total of four skin fragments per animal were removed using an 8-mm cutaneous biopsy punch. Each animal was inflicted with four surgical wounds, and each wound was subjected to one treatment. The treatments were as follows: saline solution (control, Cn); laser therapy (L), using a 660-nm laser wavelength and 10-J/cm² energy density; fresh andiroba oil (An); laser therapy followed by topical andiroba oil administration (LAn). All treatments in all animals were conducted for 4- (T4), 7- (T7), and 14- (T14) day periods. Edema and purulent secretion were observed in three animals in the An group, and the appearance of an exuberant crust was also observed in one animal from the same group. The LAn group presented the worst wound healing rate and contraction velocity (p < 0.05). Microscopically, there was no difference between groups regarding the presence of inflammation, necrosis, formation of granulation tissue, fibroplasia, and the presence of types 1 and 3 collagen at different treatment times. It was concluded that laser treatment of cutaneous wounds in conjunction with andiroba oil application did not present benefits in reference to the 0.9% NaCl.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar utilizando o laser terapêutico em associação ou não com o óleo de andiroba. Vinte e quatro ratos foram avaliados em três tempos de tratamento (T4, T7 e T17), sendo oito animais em cada tempo. Para a realização das feridas cirúrgicas, quatro fragmentos de pele foram removidos com punch de biopsia de 8 milímetros. Cada animal recebeu quatro feridas e cada ferida foi tratada com um tra-tamento: solução salina (controle, Cn); laserterapia (L), usando um laser com comprimento de onda de 660nm e 10J/cm2 de densidade de energia; óleo de andiroba in natura (An); e laserterapia seguida pela administratação tópica de óleo de andiroba (LAn). Todos os tratamentos foram realizados e avaliados nos dias quatro (T4), sete (T7) e 14 (T14) de pós operatório. Foram observados edema e secreção purulenta em três animais do grupo An, e a presença de crosta exuberante também foi obervada em um animais do mesmo grupo. O grupo LAn apresentou a pior cicatraização e velocidade de contração da ferida (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença entre os grupos à avaliação microscópica da presença de inflamação, necrose, formação de tecido de gra-nulação, fibroplasia e presença de colágeno tipo 1 e tipo 3 nos diferentes tempos de tratamento. Foi possível concluir que o tratamento com laseterapia em associação ao óleo de andiroba não apresentou benefícios em relação a utilização da solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9%.

Laser photobiomodulation and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of ovine otitis

Background: Otitis is a severe inflammation of the skin of the auditory canal which can impact animals of all ages. Insheep, this disease can occur in isolated cases or in the entire flock. Laser photobiomodulation can be used in combination with medication or as single therapy and the effects are analgesia, modulation of the inflammatory process, edemareduction, tissue restoration and stimulation of local microcirculation. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy stands out asa promising alternative to antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of localized infections. This study aimed to report the useof laser phototherapies on a sheep with bacterial otitis.Case: A case of bacterial otitis in a 4-year-old sheep, Dorper, was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz. In the anamnesis, the owner reported that the patient presented crusts in the auricular pavilions, and hadbeen medicated with oxytetracycline 20%, administered intramuscularly, for two days and the crusts cleaned with iodine10%, but the animal did not present clinical improvement. On physical examination, the animal presented constant headswaying, edema of the ears, otalgia, enlarged parotid lymph nodes and ear wounds. No ear discharge was observed, andthe initial diagnosis was aural hematoma. The treatment prescribed was laser photobiomodulation for three consecutivedays. The lesions were irradiated with a diode laser with a power of 0.1 W, irradiance of 3.5 W/cm2, continuous emission,spot area of 0.028 cm2, wavelength of 808 nm, energy of 4J/point, and fluency/point of 142.8J/cm2, with seven pointson the external surface and four points on the internal surface of both ears. Two points were also targeted on the parotidlymph nodes with infrared laser (λ = 808 nm), with energy of 2J/point. On the fourth day of hospitalization, there was areduction in lesions, decreased edema and absence of pain and on the sixth day...

Therapeutic laser with or without andiroba oil in treating cutaneous wounds by second intention in Wistar rats / Laser terapêutico associado ou não ao óleo de andiroba no tratamento de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção em ratos Wistar

This studys objective was to evaluate the efficacy of treating cutaneous wounds in Wistar rats using a therapeutic laser alone or in combination with topical application of andiroba oil. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed into three groups (T4, T7, and T14) of eight animals. To prepare the wounds, a total of four skin fragments per animal were removed using an 8-mm cutaneous biopsy punch. Each animal was inflicted with four surgical wounds, and each wound was subjected to one treatment. The treatments were as follows: saline solution (control, Cn); laser therapy (L), using a 660-nm laser wavelength and 10-J/cm² energy density; fresh andiroba oil (An); laser therapy followed by topical andiroba oil administration (LAn). All treatments in all animals were conducted for 4- (T4), 7- (T7), and 14- (T14) day periods. Edema and purulent secretion were observed in three animals in the An group, and the appearance of an exuberant crust was also observed in one animal from the same group. The LAn group presented the worst wound healing rate and contraction velocity (p < 0.05). Microscopically, there was no difference between groups regarding the presence of inflammation, necrosis, formation of granulation tissue, fibroplasia, and the presence of types 1 and 3 collagen at different treatment times. It was concluded that laser treatment of cutaneous wounds in conjunction with andiroba oil application did not present benefits in reference to the 0.9% NaCl.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar utilizando o laser terapêutico em associação ou não com o óleo de andiroba. Vinte e quatro ratos foram avaliados em três tempos de tratamento (T4, T7 e T17), sendo oito animais em cada tempo. Para a realização das feridas cirúrgicas, quatro fragmentos de pele foram removidos com punch de biopsia de 8 milímetros. Cada animal recebeu quatro feridas e cada ferida foi tratada com um tra-tamento: solução salina (controle, Cn); laserterapia (L), usando um laser com comprimento de onda de 660nm e 10J/cm2 de densidade de energia; óleo de andiroba in natura (An); e laserterapia seguida pela administratação tópica de óleo de andiroba (LAn). Todos os tratamentos foram realizados e avaliados nos dias quatro (T4), sete (T7) e 14 (T14) de pós operatório. Foram observados edema e secreção purulenta em três animais do grupo An, e a presença de crosta exuberante também foi obervada em um animais do mesmo grupo. O grupo LAn apresentou a pior cicatraização e velocidade de contração da ferida (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença entre os grupos à avaliação microscópica da presença de inflamação, necrose, formação de tecido de gra-nulação, fibroplasia e presença de colágeno tipo 1 e tipo 3 nos diferentes tempos de tratamento. Foi possível concluir que o tratamento com laseterapia em associação ao óleo de andiroba não apresentou benefícios em relação a utilização da solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9%.(AU)

Laser photobiomodulation and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of ovine otitis

Background: Otitis is a severe inflammation of the skin of the auditory canal which can impact animals of all ages. Insheep, this disease can occur in isolated cases or in the entire flock. Laser photobiomodulation can be used in combination with medication or as single therapy and the effects are analgesia, modulation of the inflammatory process, edemareduction, tissue restoration and stimulation of local microcirculation. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy stands out asa promising alternative to antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of localized infections. This study aimed to report the useof laser phototherapies on a sheep with bacterial otitis.Case: A case of bacterial otitis in a 4-year-old sheep, Dorper, was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz. In the anamnesis, the owner reported that the patient presented crusts in the auricular pavilions, and hadbeen medicated with oxytetracycline 20%, administered intramuscularly, for two days and the crusts cleaned with iodine10%, but the animal did not present clinical improvement. On physical examination, the animal presented constant headswaying, edema of the ears, otalgia, enlarged parotid lymph nodes and ear wounds. No ear discharge was observed, andthe initial diagnosis was aural hematoma. The treatment prescribed was laser photobiomodulation for three consecutivedays. The lesions were irradiated with a diode laser with a power of 0.1 W, irradiance of 3.5 W/cm2, continuous emission,spot area of 0.028 cm2, wavelength of 808 nm, energy of 4J/point, and fluency/point of 142.8J/cm2, with seven pointson the external surface and four points on the internal surface of both ears. Two points were also targeted on the parotidlymph nodes with infrared laser (λ = 808 nm), with energy of 2J/point. On the fourth day of hospitalization, there was areduction in lesions, decreased edema and absence of pain and on the sixth day...(AU)

A utilização do laser de baixa intensidade na cicatrização de ferida em cão / The use of low intensity laser in wound healing in dog

Background: Low-intensity laser is effective in cellular metabolism, analgesia, and tissue repair. The bioelectric, bioenergetic, and biochemical effects of laser therapy stimulate local circulation, collagen formation, and epithelization. The objective of this study was to report the use of gallium-aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) laser (830 nm) in healing two woundscaused by necrosis in a dog. Case: An 8-year-old bitch, a rescued victim of animal abuse, had tibiotarsal dislocation in the left posterior limb. Orthopedic surgery was performed with the placement of an external fixation device with six pins in the distal third of the left posterior limb. A radiographic examination performed 42 days after the surgery revealed the loss of the tibiotarsal ratio, decreased radiopacity of the carpal bones, edema, inflammation, muscle atrophy, and the rotation of the anatomical axis of the metatarsals and phalanges. It was then decided to perform a second orthopedic surgery, in which a bone graft and arthrodesis with an 8-screw titanium plate were performed. Four of the plate screws were placed proximally to the tibia and four distally to the tarsus in addition to a screw and a pin transfixed through the distal metaphyseal region of the tibia and calcaneus. Traction was felt during suturing in the dermis and epidermis of the limb, suggesting the possibility of dehiscence of the stitches. After 3 h of surgery, the limb was cold and edematous. After 5 days, the tissue of the medial region of the tarsus developed necrosis, exposing a wound 6 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, and 2 mm deep (wound 1). Another necrotic lesion was observed in the dorsal region of the tarsos - 6.5 cm long, 2 cm wide, 3 mm deep, and exposing 5 cm of the titanium plate (wound 2). Therapy with GaAlAs laser was then performed over the entire length of the wounds. In each therapeutic session, the laser was first used in punctual mode at 10 J/cm², 830 nm, 20 s at each point of the length of the lesion and then in scan mode at 10 J/cm², 830 nm, 1000 Hz, and 40 s continuously. Laser therapy sessions were conducted at 2-4 day intervals, with a 12-day interval between the eighth and ninth sessions. During the entire treatment, cleansing and debridement of the wounds were performed every 48 h with saline and chlorhexidine digluconate, using a compression bandage, as described earlier. Wound 1 healed completely after two laser therapy sessions. In wound 2, tissue repair stagnated after the ninth and last laser session, leaving 4 cm of the titanium plate still exposed. The limb could not support the body weight of the patient, and radiographic examination revealed that the anatomical axis of the metatarsals and the phalanges was rotated and bone conformation was poor. Given the anatomical conditions associated with the patient's clinical picture, it was decided to amputate the limb between the femur and tibia. Discussion: Therapeutic lasers act on mitochondrial respiration, increasing respiratory metabolism and stimulating DNA synthesis and tissue proliferation. In the present case, there was a decrease in inflammatory cells, edema, and the size of the wounds. The pathological conditions of the affected site, influence of trauma, and degree of tissue damage affected the results of the laser therapy. Despite the size difference between wounds 1 and 2, the exposed titanium plate was a determining factor for the partial healing of wound 2.

Copaiba oil-resin (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associated with laser therapy for skin wound treatment in Wistar rats / Óleo resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associada a laserterapia para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin lesions have been developed with the use of techniques such as photobiomodulation and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. To evaluate the effectiveness of copaiba (Copaiferalangsdorffii) oil-resin and low-level laser therapy for treating cutaneous wounds, 15 Wistar rats (Rattusnorvergicus) were used, in whom five 8-mm lesions were produced. The following protocols were applied: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904 nm), continuous, focal mode for 10 s, dosage of 4 J/cm² (T3); copaiba oil-resin (T4); and association group (copaiba and low-level laser) (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated based on macroscopic aspects of the lesion, wound healing rate, and histopathological analysis (inflammatory infiltrate and collagen expression). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses (P> 0.05). Copaiba treatment showed an advantage in type III collagen expression, whereas laser therapy demonstrated an enhanced capacity for tissue regeneration. The significant advantage obtained from the association treatment is the improvement of the macroscopic aspect of the wound, with a reduction in crust formation.

Protocolos alternativos para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas têm sido desenvolvidos com a utilização de técnicas como a fotobiomodulação e fitoterapia, objetivando acelerar esse processo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a efetividade do óleo--resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii) e do laser terapêutico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas foram selecionados 15 ratos Wistar (Rattus norvergicus), nos quais foram produzidas cinco lesões cutâneas de 8mm. Os tratamentos empregados foram: controle negativo (T1); controle positivo (T2); laserterapia com AsGa (9,04nm) no modo contínuo, de maneira focal, com duração de 10 segundos e dosimetria de 4 J/cm² (T3); óleo resina de copaiba (T4) e a associação dos tratamentos (copaiba e laserterapia) (T5). A eficácia de cada técnica foi avaliada com base nos aspectos macroscópicos das lesões, taxa de cicatriza-ção e análise histopatológica (infiltrado inflamatório e expressão do colágeno). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis (P>0,05). O tratamento com a copaíba mostrou vantagem na expressão do colágeno tipo III, enquanto a laserterapia demonstrou aumento da capacidade de regeneração tecidual. A vantagem significativa obtida pela associação dos tratamentos foi a melhora do aspecto macroscópico da ferida, com redução na formação de crostas.

Copaiba oil-resin (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associated with laser therapy for skin wound treatment in Wistar rats / Óleo resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associada a laserterapia para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin lesions have been developed with the use of techniques such as photobiomodulation and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. To evaluate the effectiveness of copaiba (Copaiferalangsdorffii) oil-resin and low-level laser therapy for treating cutaneous wounds, 15 Wistar rats (Rattusnorvergicus) were used, in whom five 8-mm lesions were produced. The following protocols were applied: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904 nm), continuous, focal mode for 10 s, dosage of 4 J/cm² (T3); copaiba oil-resin (T4); and association group (copaiba and low-level laser) (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated based on macroscopic aspects of the lesion, wound healing rate, and histopathological analysis (inflammatory infiltrate and collagen expression). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses (P> 0.05). Copaiba treatment showed an advantage in type III collagen expression, whereas laser therapy demonstrated an enhanced capacity for tissue regeneration. The significant advantage obtained from the association treatment is the improvement of the macroscopic aspect of the wound, with a reduction in crust formation.(AU)

Protocolos alternativos para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas têm sido desenvolvidos com a utilização de técnicas como a fotobiomodulação e fitoterapia, objetivando acelerar esse processo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a efetividade do óleo--resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii) e do laser terapêutico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas foram selecionados 15 ratos Wistar (Rattus norvergicus), nos quais foram produzidas cinco lesões cutâneas de 8mm. Os tratamentos empregados foram: controle negativo (T1); controle positivo (T2); laserterapia com AsGa (9,04nm) no modo contínuo, de maneira focal, com duração de 10 segundos e dosimetria de 4 J/cm² (T3); óleo resina de copaiba (T4) e a associação dos tratamentos (copaiba e laserterapia) (T5). A eficácia de cada técnica foi avaliada com base nos aspectos macroscópicos das lesões, taxa de cicatriza-ção e análise histopatológica (infiltrado inflamatório e expressão do colágeno). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis (P>0,05). O tratamento com a copaíba mostrou vantagem na expressão do colágeno tipo III, enquanto a laserterapia demonstrou aumento da capacidade de regeneração tecidual. A vantagem significativa obtida pela associação dos tratamentos foi a melhora do aspecto macroscópico da ferida, com redução na formação de crostas.(AU)

Uso da laserterapia na reparação tecidual em equino / Use of laserterapy in tissue repair in equine

A ocorrência de feridas em membros locomotores de equinos é vista com bastante frequência em ambientes de criação de equinos. Estas lesões, além de causarem grandes prejuízos à saúde dos animais, provocam também prejuízos financeiros aos seus proprietários. Com base na alta incidência dessas lesões, diversas terapias foram desenvolvidas e estão em constante evolução para o tratamento e cura de feridas. Dentre as terapias existentes, a laserterapia tem se mostrado como eficiente recurso para o tratamento de feridas e como processo acelerador da cicatrização do animal. O objetivo do presente do trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de laceração em membro de equino submetido a tratamento de laserterapia. Um equino fêmea de 19 anos de idade, foi atendido pela equipe da HorseLife, apresentando ferida aberta na região abaixo do jarrete, no membro posterior direito. A ferida foi avaliada, preparada e então foi iniciada a terapia com laser. Após 18 sessões, a ferida apresentava-se com visível diminuição do tamanho da lesão inicial, com estrutura anatômica da pele íntegra e com regeneração dos anexos em curso. Uma sútil e mínima cicatriz permaneceu no local da lesão, porém sem apresentar grandes prejuízos à saúde do animal. Pôde-se então concluir que o uso da terapia com laser de baixa potência apresentou resultados satisfatórios diminuindo consideravelmente o tempo de cicatrização, com interessante resultado estético final.

The occurrence of wounds in locomotor limbs of horses is seen quite frequently in horse breeding environments. These injuries, in addition to causing great damage to the health of the animals, also cause financial losses to their owners. Based on the high incidence of these injuries, several therapies have been developed and are constantly evolving for the treatment and healing of wounds. Among the existing therapies, laser therapy has been shown to be an efficient resource for the treatment of wounds and as an accelerating process for healing the animal. The objective of the present paper was to report a clinical case of laceration in a horse's limb submitted to laser therapy. A 19-year-old female horse was treated by the HorseLife team, presenting an open wound in the region below the hock, on the right hind limb. The wound was evaluated, prepared and then laser therapy was started. After 18 sessions, the wound presented with a visible decrease in the size of the initial lesion, with an anatomical structure of the intact skin and with regeneration of the attachments in progress. A subtle and minimal scar remained at the site of the injury, but without presenting any major damage to the animal's health. It was then possible to conclude that the use of low power laser therapy showed satisfactory results, considerably reducing the healing time, with an interesting final aesthetic result.

Uso da laserterapia na reparação tecidual em equino / Use of laserterapy in tissue repair in equine

A ocorrência de feridas em membros locomotores de equinos é vista com bastante frequência em ambientes de criação de equinos. Estas lesões, além de causarem grandes prejuízos à saúde dos animais, provocam também prejuízos financeiros aos seus proprietários. Com base na alta incidência dessas lesões, diversas terapias foram desenvolvidas e estão em constante evolução para o tratamento e cura de feridas. Dentre as terapias existentes, a laserterapia tem se mostrado como eficiente recurso para o tratamento de feridas e como processo acelerador da cicatrização do animal. O objetivo do presente do trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de laceração em membro de equino submetido a tratamento de laserterapia. Um equino fêmea de 19 anos de idade, foi atendido pela equipe da HorseLife, apresentando ferida aberta na região abaixo do jarrete, no membro posterior direito. A ferida foi avaliada, preparada e então foi iniciada a terapia com laser. Após 18 sessões, a ferida apresentava-se com visível diminuição do tamanho da lesão inicial, com estrutura anatômica da pele íntegra e com regeneração dos anexos em curso. Uma sútil e mínima cicatriz permaneceu no local da lesão, porém sem apresentar grandes prejuízos à saúde do animal. Pôde-se então concluir que o uso da terapia com laser de baixa potência apresentou resultados satisfatórios diminuindo consideravelmente o tempo de cicatrização, com interessante resultado estético final.(AU)

The occurrence of wounds in locomotor limbs of horses is seen quite frequently in horse breeding environments. These injuries, in addition to causing great damage to the health of the animals, also cause financial losses to their owners. Based on the high incidence of these injuries, several therapies have been developed and are constantly evolving for the treatment and healing of wounds. Among the existing therapies, laser therapy has been shown to be an efficient resource for the treatment of wounds and as an accelerating process for healing the animal. The objective of the present paper was to report a clinical case of laceration in a horse's limb submitted to laser therapy. A 19-year-old female horse was treated by the HorseLife team, presenting an open wound in the region below the hock, on the right hind limb. The wound was evaluated, prepared and then laser therapy was started. After 18 sessions, the wound presented with a visible decrease in the size of the initial lesion, with an anatomical structure of the intact skin and with regeneration of the attachments in progress. A subtle and minimal scar remained at the site of the injury, but without presenting any major damage to the animal's health. It was then possible to conclude that the use of low power laser therapy showed satisfactory results, considerably reducing the healing time, with an interesting final aesthetic result.(AU)

Tratamento de ferida em Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) com laserterapia e ozonioterapia: relato de caso / Wound treatment of Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) with laser and ozone therapy: case report

O emprego conjunto da laserterapia e da ozonioterapia em feridas apresenta alto potencial benéfico para os pacientes, uma vez que contribui para o manejo da dor, tem ação anti-inflamatória e acelera o processo de cicatrização. Este relato de caso tem como objetivo apresentar o uso de terapias alternativas na cicatrização de ferida em exemplar de Coendou prehensilis. Um ouriço-cacheiro, fêmea, adulto, com peso de 4kg foi encaminhado para atendimento médico veterinário com histórico de ter sido atacado por um cão. Inicialmente o ouriço passou pelo procedimento de higienização e desbridamento da ferida, para a retirada das bordas necróticas. Adicionalmente, foram administrados clindamicina (10mg/kg), por via intramuscular (IM), uma vez por dia (SID), tramadol (4mg/kg, IM, SID), flunixin (0,3mg/kg, SID), por via subcutânea (SC), e ferrodextrano (25mg/kg, IM, SID). Apesar da terapia instituída, observou-se reincidência de crescimento necrótico tecidual, o que levou à eleição do tratamento da ferida com as técnicas de laserterapia e ozonioterapia. O emprego das terapias alternativas como adjuvante promoveu uma cicatrização satisfatória da ferida, com ausência de sinais de sensibilidade local e de infecção, bem como ausência de crescimento de bordas necróticas. O tratamento adjuvante foi eficaz e pode ser empregado em outras situações para cicatrização de ferida em mamíferos silvestres.(AU)

The use of therapy with laser beam and ozone in wounds has a high beneficial potential for patients, since it contributes to the management of pain, has an anti-inflammatory action and accelerates the cicatricial process. Due to this casuistry importance, the case report aims to present alternative therapy use for wound healing on a Coendou prehensilis. Thus, a female of C. prehensilis weighing 4kg, was sent to veterinary care. At first there was a hygiene process and debridement for necrotic edge removal. Furthermore, injected clindamycin (10mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly (IM), once a day (SID), tramadol (4mg/kg, IM, SID), flunixin (0.3mg/kg, SID), administered subcutaneously (SC) and iron dextran (25mg/kg, IM, SID). In spite of the established therapy, tissue necrotic growth was observed, which lead the wound treatment as healing by second intention, initiating an alternative therapy with laser beam and ozone. As a result, the healing was satisfactory due to the elected techniques, without signs of pain and infection. The adjuvant treatment with physiotherapy had advantageous effect and could be applied to wound healing in wild mammal animals.(AU)

Tratamento de ferida em Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) com laserterapia e ozonioterapia: relato de caso / Wound treatment of Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) with laser and ozone therapy: case report

O emprego conjunto da laserterapia e da ozonioterapia em feridas apresenta alto potencial benéfico para os pacientes, uma vez que contribui para o manejo da dor, tem ação anti-inflamatória e acelera o processo de cicatrização. Este relato de caso tem como objetivo apresentar o uso de terapias alternativas na cicatrização de ferida em exemplar de Coendou prehensilis. Um ouriço-cacheiro, fêmea, adulto, com peso de 4kg foi encaminhado para atendimento médico veterinário com histórico de ter sido atacado por um cão. Inicialmente o ouriço passou pelo procedimento de higienização e desbridamento da ferida, para a retirada das bordas necróticas. Adicionalmente, foram administrados clindamicina (10mg/kg), por via intramuscular (IM), uma vez por dia (SID), tramadol (4mg/kg, IM, SID), flunixin (0,3mg/kg, SID), por via subcutânea (SC), e ferrodextrano (25mg/kg, IM, SID). Apesar da terapia instituída, observou-se reincidência de crescimento necrótico tecidual, o que levou à eleição do tratamento da ferida com as técnicas de laserterapia e ozonioterapia. O emprego das terapias alternativas como adjuvante promoveu uma cicatrização satisfatória da ferida, com ausência de sinais de sensibilidade local e de infecção, bem como ausência de crescimento de bordas necróticas. O tratamento adjuvante foi eficaz e pode ser empregado em outras situações para cicatrização de ferida em mamíferos silvestres.(AU)

The use of therapy with laser beam and ozone in wounds has a high beneficial potential for patients, since it contributes to the management of pain, has an anti-inflammatory action and accelerates the cicatricial process. Due to this casuistry importance, the case report aims to present alternative therapy use for wound healing on a Coendou prehensilis. Thus, a female of C. prehensilis weighing 4kg, was sent to veterinary care. At first there was a hygiene process and debridement for necrotic edge removal. Furthermore, injected clindamycin (10mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly (IM), once a day (SID), tramadol (4mg/kg, IM, SID), flunixin (0.3mg/kg, SID), administered subcutaneously (SC) and iron dextran (25mg/kg, IM, SID). In spite of the established therapy, tissue necrotic growth was observed, which lead the wound treatment as healing by second intention, initiating an alternative therapy with laser beam and ozone. As a result, the healing was satisfactory due to the elected techniques, without signs of pain and infection. The adjuvant treatment with physiotherapy had advantageous effect and could be applied to wound healing in wild mammal animals.(AU)

Lower energy and pulse stacking. A safer alternative for skin tightening using fractional CO2 laser

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of different energies and stacking in skin shrinkage.METHODS: Three decreasing settings of a fractional CO2 laser were applied to the abdomen of Twenty five Wistar rats divided into three groups. Group I (n=5) was histologically evaluated for microthermal zones dimensions. Groups II and III (n=10 each) were macroscopic evaluated with freeware ImageJ for area contraction immediately and after 30 and 60 days.RESULTS: No statistical significance was found within microthermal zone histological dimensions (Group I) in all settings studied. (Ablation depth: 76.90 to 97.18µm; Coagulation depth: 186.01 to 219.84 µm). In Group II, macroscopic evaluation showed that all settings cause significant immediate skin contraction. The highest setting cause significant more intense tightening effect initially, contracting skin area from 258.65 to 179.09 mm2. The same pattern was observed in Group III. At 30 and 60 days, the lowest setting significantly sustained contraction.CONCLUSION: Lower fractional CO2 laser energies associated to pulse stacking could cause consistent and long lasting tissue contraction in rats.(AU)

Use of low-power laser to assist the healing of traumatic wounds in rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the morphological aspects of the healing of traumatic wounds in rats using low-power laser. METHODS: Twenty four non isogenic, young adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing between 200 and 300g was used. The animals were randomly distributed into two groups: Control (GC) and Laser (GL), with 12 animals each. After shaving, anesthesia was performed in the dorsal region and then a surgical procedure using a scapel was carried out to make the traumatic wound. GL received five sessions of laser therapy in consecutive days using the following laser parameters: wavelength 660 nm, power 100 mW, dose 10 J/cm 2 . The wounds were evaluated through measurement of the area and depth of the wound (MW) and histological analysis (HA). RESULTS: When comparing the GC with the GL in MW there was a difference in area (p<0.001) and depth (p=0.003) measurement of the wounds in GL. The laser group presented more epithelization than GC (p=0.03). The other histological parameters were similar. CONCLUSION: The healing of wounds in rats was improved with the use of the laser.(AU)

Biomodulation effects of LED and therapeutic ultrasound combined with semipermeable dressing in the repair process of cutaneous lesions in rats

PURPOSE:To compare the biomodulatory effects of LED and ultrasound combined with semipermeable dressing in the repair of cutaneous lesions.METHODS:Eighty-four Wistar rats were submitted to surgical injury (2.5 cm) and divided into four groups (n=21): Group I (control), Group II (LED therapy, LED), Group III (LED therapy + dressing, LED+D) and Group IV (ultrasound + dressing, US+D). At seven, 14 and 21 days, the animals were euthanized, and the specimens of interest removed for histological analysis.RESULTS:Histological and histomorphometric analysis revealed a greater percent wound regression in animals receiving the dressing (group III: 55.97; group IV: 53.06), as well as a greater reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate (group III: 29.14; group IV: 31.71) since day 7. A later effect, with progression of the tissue repair process only after 14 and 21 days, was observed in the LED group intense fibroblast proliferation and greater collagen fiber production and organization were seen in the LED+D and US+D groups compared to the other groups.CONCLUSION:LED combined with a dressing was more effective at accelerating in the repair of cutaneous lesions.(AU)

Ablação lateral parcial com laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) do conduto auditivo estenosado de canídeo domesticus para correção de otite / Partial lateral ablation with carbon dioxide (CO2) laser of the stenosed auditory canal of canid domesticus for the correction of chronic otitis / Ablación lateral parcial com láser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) del conducto auditivo estenosado de canídeo domesticus para corrección de otitis crónica

Um cão macho de raça westhighlandterrier, apresentava, dor, prurido intenso e cheiro forte no conduto auditivo, tinha histórico de otite crônica e redicivante com várias tentativas de tratamentos medicamentosos, porém sem sucesso terapêutico, foi encaminhado para ablação lateral parcial com laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) do conduto auditivo estenosado. O canino foi submetido a exames complementares e posteriormente realizado o procedimento cirúrgico no qual resultou em melhor oxigenação do conduto com melhora clínica do paciente(AU)

A male west highland terrier had intense pain and severe odor in the auditory canal, had a history of chronic otitis and with several attempts of drug treatment, but without therapeutic sucess, it was referred for partial lateral ablation with laser of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the stenosed auditory canal. The canine was submitted to complementary exams and subsequently performed the surgical procedure in which resulted in better oxygenation of the conduit with clinical improvement of the patient.(AU)

Un perro macho de raza westhighland terrier, presentaba, dolor, plurito intenso y olor fuerte en el conducto auditivo, tenía antecedentes de otitis crónica y redicivante con varios intentos de tratamientos medicamentosos, pero sin éxito terapéutico, fue encaminado para ablación lateral parcial con láser de láser dióxido de carbono (CO2) del conducto auditivo estenosado. El canino fue sometido a exámenes complementarios y posteriormente realizados el procecimiento quirúrgico en el cual resultó en mejor oxigenación del conducto com mejoría clínica del paciente.(AU)

Ablação lateral parcial com laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) do conduto auditivo estenosado de canídeo domesticus para correção de otite / Partial lateral ablation with carbon dioxide (CO2) laser of the stenosed auditory canal of canid domesticus for the correction of chronic otitis / Ablación lateral parcial com láser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) del conducto auditivo estenosado de canídeo domesticus para corrección de otitis crónica

Um cão macho de raça westhighlandterrier, apresentava, dor, prurido intenso e cheiro forte no conduto auditivo, tinha histórico de otite crônica e redicivante com várias tentativas de tratamentos medicamentosos, porém sem sucesso terapêutico, foi encaminhado para ablação lateral parcial com laser de dióxido de carbono (CO2) do conduto auditivo estenosado. O canino foi submetido a exames complementares e posteriormente realizado o procedimento cirúrgico no qual resultou em melhor oxigenação do conduto com melhora clínica do paciente

A male west highland terrier had intense pain and severe odor in the auditory canal, had a history of chronic otitis and with several attempts of drug treatment, but without therapeutic sucess, it was referred for partial lateral ablation with laser of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the stenosed auditory canal. The canine was submitted to complementary exams and subsequently performed the surgical procedure in which resulted in better oxygenation of the conduit with clinical improvement of the patient.

Un perro macho de raza westhighland terrier, presentaba, dolor, plurito intenso y olor fuerte en el conducto auditivo, tenía antecedentes de otitis crónica y redicivante con varios intentos de tratamientos medicamentosos, pero sin éxito terapéutico, fue encaminado para ablación lateral parcial con láser de láser dióxido de carbono (CO2) del conducto auditivo estenosado. El canino fue sometido a exámenes complementarios y posteriormente realizados el procecimiento quirúrgico en el cual resultó en mejor oxigenación del conducto com mejoría clínica del paciente.

Associação, de laserterapia de baixa potência e celulas-tronco mesenquimais / Association of low-level laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells / Asociación de la terapia com láser de baja intensidad y células madre mesenquimales

A laserterapia de baixa potência e as células-tronco mesenquimais constituem estratégias promissoras em medicina regenerativa. Entretanto, os efeitos da interação dessas terapias ainda são pouco discutidos. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar, com base em dados da literatura, os possíveis efeitos favoráveis ou adversos da associação do laser de baixa potência e células-tronco mesenquimais. É descrito que a laserterapia leva ao aumento da viabilidade e proliferação celular e induz a diferenciação das células-tronco em condições específicas in vitro e in vivo. Ainda, não causa danos nucleares, não havendo efeitos adversos relatados. Dessa forma, a associação da laserterapia de baixa potência e células-tronco mesenquimais é segura e aumenta a qualidade da regeneração tecidual.(AU)

Low-Ievel laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells are promising strategies in regenerative medicine. However, the effects of the interaction of these therapies are still little discussed. The objective of this study was to determine, based on literature data, possible favorable or adverse effects of the combination of low-Ievel laser and mesenchymal stem cells. It is reported that the lasertherapy leads to increased cell viability and proliferation and induces the differentiation of stem cells under specific conditions in vitro and in vivo. Although does not cause nuclear damage, with no adverse effects reported. Thus, the association of low-Ievel laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells is safe and increases the quality of tissue regeneration.(AU)

La terapia con láser de baja intensidad y las células madre mesenquimales son prometedoras estrategias en medicina regenerativa. Sin embargo, son aún poco discuten los efectos de la interacción de estas terapias. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar, con base en datos de la literatura, los posibles efectos favorables o desfavorables de la combinación de láser de baja potencia y las células madre mesenquimales. Se ha informado de que la láserterapia conduce a aumento de la viabilidad y proliferación celular e induce la diferenciación de las células madre en condiciones específicas in vitro y in vivo. Aunque no causa dano nuclear, con no efectos adversos reportados. Por tanto, la asociación de la terapia láser de baja intensidad y las células madre mesenquimales es seguro y aumenta la calidad de la regeneración de tejidos.(AU)

Associação, de laserterapia de baixa potência e celulas-tronco mesenquimais / Association of low-level laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells / Asociación de la terapia com láser de baja intensidad y células madre mesenquimales

A laserterapia de baixa potência e as células-tronco mesenquimais constituem estratégias promissoras em medicina regenerativa. Entretanto, os efeitos da interação dessas terapias ainda são pouco discutidos. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar, com base em dados da literatura, os possíveis efeitos favoráveis ou adversos da associação do laser de baixa potência e células-tronco mesenquimais. É descrito que a laserterapia leva ao aumento da viabilidade e proliferação celular e induz a diferenciação das células-tronco em condições específicas in vitro e in vivo. Ainda, não causa danos nucleares, não havendo efeitos adversos relatados. Dessa forma, a associação da laserterapia de baixa potência e células-tronco mesenquimais é segura e aumenta a qualidade da regeneração tecidual.

Low-Ievel laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells are promising strategies in regenerative medicine. However, the effects of the interaction of these therapies are still little discussed. The objective of this study was to determine, based on literature data, possible favorable or adverse effects of the combination of low-Ievel laser and mesenchymal stem cells. It is reported that the lasertherapy leads to increased cell viability and proliferation and induces the differentiation of stem cells under specific conditions in vitro and in vivo. Although does not cause nuclear damage, with no adverse effects reported. Thus, the association of low-Ievel laser therapy and mesenchymal stem cells is safe and increases the quality of tissue regeneration.

La terapia con láser de baja intensidad y las células madre mesenquimales son prometedoras estrategias en medicina regenerativa. Sin embargo, son aún poco discuten los efectos de la interacción de estas terapias. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar, con base en datos de la literatura, los posibles efectos favorables o desfavorables de la combinación de láser de baja potencia y las células madre mesenquimales. Se ha informado de que la láserterapia conduce a aumento de la viabilidad y proliferación celular e induce la diferenciación de las células madre en condiciones específicas in vitro y in vivo. Aunque no causa dano nuclear, con no efectos adversos reportados. Por tanto, la asociación de la terapia láser de baja intensidad y las células madre mesenquimales es seguro y aumenta la calidad de la regeneración de tejidos.

Effect of laser on the remnant liver after the first 24 hours following 70% hepatectomy in rats / Efeito do laser no fígado remanescente nas primeiras 24 horas após hepatectomia a 70% em ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the mitochondrial function of the remnant liver (RL) in the early phase of liver regeneration in rats after 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats (200-250g) submitted to 70% PH were divided into five groups according to the time of euthanasia and application or not of laser light: C = Control, time zero; 2 minutes, 4, 6 and 24 hours after PH. The dose of laser radiation was 22.5 J/cm2, wavelength of 660 nm (visible/red), in the remnant liver. We studied the respiration activated by ADP (state 3), basal mitochondrial respiration (state 4), respiratory control ratio (RCR) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS: The mitochondrial function of RL changed at 4 and 6 hours after PH, with a significant increase in state 3 and a concomitant increase in state 4 and with maintenance of RCR. MMP differed significantly between the groups biostimulated with laser radiation and the control group 4 hours after HP, with a substantial reduction in the non-laser groups. CONCLUSION: The laser light at the dose used in this study did not induce additional damage to the RL and seems to have delayed the hepatocellular metabolic overload of the remnant liver.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função mitocondrial do fígado remanescente (FR) na fase precoce da regeneração hepática em ratos após hepatectomia parcial (HP) a 70%. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos machos Wistar (200 - 250g) submetidos à HP a 70%, foram distribuídos em cinco grupos de acordo com o tempo de eutanásia e com aplicação ou não de luz laser: C= Controle,tempo zero; 2 minutos, 4, 6 e 24 horas após HP. O laser foi utilizado na dose 22.5 J/cm2, 660 nm, no FR.Estudou-se o estado 3 (respiração ativada por ADP), estado 4 (respiração mitocondrial basal), razão de controle respiratório,estado 3/estado 4 (RCR) e o potencial de membrana mitocondrial(PMM). RESULTADOS: A função mitocondrial do FR alterou-se no período de 4 e 6 horas após a HP com aumento significativo do estado 3 e aumento concomitante do estado 4, com manutenção da RCR. O PMM apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos bioestimulados com laser e o controle a partir de 4 horas pós HP, com queda importante do grupo sem laser e tendência a equiparação dos valores após 24 horas. CONCLUSÃO: A luz laser, na dose utilizada no presente estudo, não induziu lesão adicional ao FR e parece ter retardado a sobrecarga hepatocelular do fígado remanescente.(AU)

Perioperative effects of oral midazolam premedication in children undergoing skin laser treatment: a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial / Efeitos peroperatórios da premedicação oral de midazolam em crianças submetidas a tratamento de pele por laser: estudo duplo-cego randomizado e controlado

PURPOSE: To investigate and compare the efficacy of oral midazolam with two different dosages in orange juice on perioperative hemodynamics and behavioral changes in children who underwent skin laser treatment in an academic educational Hospital. METHODS: Ninety children, candidates for skin laser treatment were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups of 30 each: the placebo group received 0.1 ml/kg orange flavored juice, group 2 and 3 receiving 0.5 and 1 mg/kg of injectable midazolam mixed with an equal volume of orange juice, respectively. The main outcome measures included the mask acceptance, patients' behavioral scales and postoperative events. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in heart rate, respiratory rate, and systolic blood pressure among the three groups. However, arterial oxygen saturation was significantly reduced in those given 1 mg.kg-1 midazolam. The median scores of anxiety, separation from parent, preparing an intravenous line, acceptance of the oxygen mask, good sedation, crying reduction and consciousness level were better in midazolam group. Postoperative agitation and re-crying were also more frequent in placebo receivers. Those given 1 mg.kg-1 midazolam were significantly more optimal for sedation, crying, consciousness, preparing an intravenous line, and postoperative re-crying compared with 0.5 mg.kg-1 midazolam receivers. CONCLUSION: As a preanaesthetic medication, the 1 mg.kg-1 dose of orally given midazolam especially in a volume of orange juice and can optimize the children's behavior during skin laser treatment with no serious adverse effects, enhancing their parents' satisfactions about the sedative protocol.(AU)

OBJETIVO:Investigar e comparar a eficácia do uso oral de midazolam com duas diferentes doses de suco de laranja na hemodinâmica peropeatória e mudanças de desempenho em crianças submetidas tratamento de pele por laser em Hospital educacional e acadêmico. MÉTODOS:Noventa crianças candidatas a tratamento de pele por laser foram distribuídas aleatóriamente em três grupos de 30 cada: o grupo placebo recebeu 0.1mg/kg de suco de laranja, grupos dois e três receberam 0.5 e 1mg/kg de midazolam injetável misturado em igual volume de suco de laranja respectivamente. Os principais registros incluíam a aceitação da máscara, escalas de comportamento e eventos pós-operatórios. RESULTADOS:Não houve diferenças significantes cardíacas, respiratórias e pressão sanguinea sistólica nos três grupos. Contudo, o nível de saturação de oxigênio foi reduzido significantemente nos que receberam 1mg.kg-1 de midazolam. Os níveis médios de ansiedade, separação dos pais, preparo intravenoso, aceitação da máscara de oxigênio, boa sedação, redução do choro e nível de consciência, foram melhores no grupo midazolam. Agitação pós-operatória e retorno do chora foi mais freqüente nos que receberam placebo. Observou-se que o grupo que recebeu 1mg.kg-1 foi melhor comparado ao que recebeu 0.5mg.kg-1. CONCLUSÃO:Como medicação pré-anestésica na dose de 1mg.kg-1 de midazolam, fornecida em igual volume de suco de laranja, é satisfatória no comportamento de crianças durante tratamento de pele por laser, proporcionando satisfação dos pais.(AU)