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1.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 25(3): eRBCA-2022-1786, 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1452159

Resumo

O presente estudo investigou a eficácia e o nível ideal de alimentação de folhas de Rumex nervosus (RNL) em frangos de corte infectados e não infectados com Eimeria tenella . Em um planejamento fatorial de 2 (desafio coccidiano ou não) 5 (tratamentos alimentares), pintos de corte de 250 dias de idade foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em um dos dez grupos e criados por 28 dias. Foram investigadas medidas intestinais, características de carcaça, índices bioquímicos séricos, leucogramas, desempenho e indicadores anticoccidianos. Todos os parâmetros selecionados não foram significativos ( p>0,05) alterado pelas interações entre dieta experimental e desafio aos 7 dias pós-infecção, com exceção dos níveis séricos de albumina e globulina, bem como do índice anticoccidiano. Os frangos infectados apresentaram menor indicador de desempenho, menor eficiência de produção, baixos índices anticoccidianos, moela mais pesada, intestino delgado mais longo e mais pesado, ceco mais curto e maior proporção de eosinófilos em comparação com frangos não infectados. O RNL apresentou eficácia anticoccidiana marcante na dose de 5 g. O presente estudo descobriu que o pó da folha de Rumex nervosus apresentou eficácia preventiva anticoccidiana de leve a acentuada, dependente da dose, em frangos de corte. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para compreender completamente os mecanismos anticoccidianos.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/fisiologia , Coccidiostáticos/efeitos adversos , Rumex/química , Eimeria tenella/imunologia
2.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 25(2): eRBCA-2022-1708, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1434073

Resumo

Feed additive alternatives to antibiotics, such as organic acids, and substances rich in polyphenols, such as tangerine wort, can promote improved intestinal health in broilers by modulating the microbial population and improving nutrient utilization. In this work, a product which combines organic acids (fumaric acid 0.5%, lactic acid 5.13%, citric acid 5.44% and ascorbic acid 1.2%) and tangerine wort (Citrus reticulata) 8.36% was studied. To determine the effect and the most appropriate level of inclusion of product in the diet of broilers, an experiment was carried out with 1400-day-old male chicks, in a conventional poultry house, evaluating the performance until 42 days of age. The birds were housed in RCB design with 5 treatments and 7 replicates of 40 birds each, and the diets with the additive inclusions were evaluated: A250 (250 mg/kg), A500 (500 mg/kg), A1000 (1000 mg/kg), a negative control (NC, not supplemented), and a positive control (PC, 10 mg/kg of enramycin). The diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal, containing added phytase and without anticoccidial; the additives replaced an inert in the basal diet. Performance characteristics, microbiota count, morphometry and jejunum morphology were evaluated. Considering the overall experimental period, the inclusion of the alternative additive based on organic acids and tangerine wort at different levels (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) did not result in difference from the negative control diet or the positive control with the inclusion of the antibiotic enramycin for performance traits (p>0.05), as well as for the microbiota count, morphology, jejunal morphometry and viability. Considering the period of 29-35 days alone, treatment with 500 mg/kg of alternative additive improved weight gain and feed intake of the chickens (p<0.05), but had no effect on feed conversion.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Flavonoides/efeitos adversos , Galinhas/fisiologia , Aditivos Alimentares/efeitos adversos , Citrus/fisiologia , Ácidos Orgânicos/análise
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 822022.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1468631

Resumo

Abstract Coccidiosis remains one of the major problems in poultry all over the world. Very limited data on anticoccidial drugs in wild pigeons is available. The current study was aimed to understand the comparative efficacy of sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen in wild pigeons of Dir district, Pakistan suffering from coccidiosis. The faecal matter of wild pigeons were purchased from the local market for coccidian infection. Results revealed that 88.8% (16/18) were found infected with Eimeria spp. Three positive groups were treated with sulfadimidine (0.2mg/L), amprolium (25mg/L) and triquen. Sulfadimidine was most effective (45%) followed by amprolium (44.6%) while triquen (24.0%) showed less effectiveness against coccidiosis in pigeons. Number of oocysts were 79, 81 and 80 before treatment and 60, 44 and 44 after treatment with sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen respectively. This study showed that sulphadimidine, amprolium and triquen could not significantly reduce the coccidiosis in pigeons. Further studies are required to clear the mechanism of anti-coccidial drugs in wild pigeons.


Resumo A coccidiose continua sendo um dos maiores problemas em aves de todo o mundo. Dados muito limitados sobre drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens estão disponíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a eficácia comparativa da sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho em pombos selvagens do distrito de Dir, no Paquistão, que sofrem de coccidiose. A matéria fecal dos pombos selvagens foi comprada no mercado local para infecção por coccídios. Os resultados revelaram que 88,8% (16/18) foram encontrados infectados com Eimeria spp. Três grupos positivos foram tratados com sulfadimidina (0,2mg / L), amprólio (25mg / L) e triquenho. A sulfadimidina foi mais eficaz (45%), seguida pelo amprólio (44,6%), enquanto o triquenho (24,0%) apresentou menor efetividade contra a coccidiose em pombos. O número de oocistos foram 79, 81 e 80 antes do tratamento e 60, 44 e 44 após o tratamento com sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho, respectivamente. Este estudo mostrou que sulphadimidine, amprolium e triquen não poderiam reduzir significativamente a coccidiose em pombos. Mais estudos são necessários para limpar o mecanismo de drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens.

4.
Sci. agric ; 79(3): e20200334, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1290195

Resumo

Adding ionophores to ruminant diets is a strategy to manipulate ruminal fermentation and improve milk yield. This study evaluates the effects of narasin supply to lactating ewes on dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and composition, and performance of the lambs. Thirty lactating Santa Inês and Santa Inês × Dorper ewes fed a basal diet containing 50 % coastcross hay and 50 % concentrate were randomly assigned to two treatments: control (CON; without ionophores) or NAR (addition of 13 mg narasin kg-1 DM). From the 2nd to 10th week of lactation, DMI of ewes was determined, and once a week, their milk production and composition was measured over a 3-h interval. At the 10th week of lactation, lambs were weaned and their average daily gain (ADG) and starter DMI continued to be evaluated for two more weeks. Narasin supply did not affect weight and DMI of ewes. Ewes fed NAR had greater feed efficiency for milk production and displayed tendency for higher milk yield. Narasin supply reduced milk protein levels, but it did not affect other milk component levels. Ewes fed NAR had greater production of milk urea nitrogen and showed tendency for higher production of fat and total solids. Starter DMI of lambs was not affected by treatments; however, there was a tendency for greater weaning weight for NAR lambs. At the end of experiment, no differences were observed in the performance of lambs. The supply of 13 mg narasin kg-1 to lactating ewes improved milk yield efficiency and tended to increase the weaning weight of their lambs.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Ovinos/fisiologia , Coccidiostáticos/química , Leite/fisiologia , Animais Lactentes/fisiologia , Lactação , Ionóforos/análise
5.
Braz. j. biol ; 82: e238673, 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1153461

Resumo

Coccidiosis remains one of the major problems in poultry all over the world. Very limited data on anticoccidial drugs in wild pigeons is available. The current study was aimed to understand the comparative efficacy of sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen in wild pigeons of Dir district, Pakistan suffering from coccidiosis. The faecal matter of wild pigeons were purchased from the local market for coccidian infection. Results revealed that 88.8% (16/18) were found infected with Eimeria spp. Three positive groups were treated with sulfadimidine (0.2mg/L), amprolium (25mg/L) and triquen. Sulfadimidine was most effective (45%) followed by amprolium (44.6%) while triquen (24.0%) showed less effectiveness against coccidiosis in pigeons. Number of oocysts were 79, 81 and 80 before treatment and 60, 44 and 44 after treatment with sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen respectively. This study showed that sulphadimidine, amprolium and triquen could not significantly reduce the coccidiosis in pigeons. Further studies are required to clear the mechanism of anti-coccidial drugs in wild pigeons.


A coccidiose continua sendo um dos maiores problemas em aves de todo o mundo. Dados muito limitados sobre drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens estão disponíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a eficácia comparativa da sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho em pombos selvagens do distrito de Dir, no Paquistão, que sofrem de coccidiose. A matéria fecal dos pombos selvagens foi comprada no mercado local para infecção por coccídios. Os resultados revelaram que 88,8% (16/18) foram encontrados infectados com Eimeria spp. Três grupos positivos foram tratados com sulfadimidina (0,2mg / L), amprólio (25mg / L) e triquenho. A sulfadimidina foi mais eficaz (45%), seguida pelo amprólio (44,6%), enquanto o triquenho (24,0%) apresentou menor efetividade contra a coccidiose em pombos. O número de oocistos foram 79, 81 e 80 antes do tratamento e 60, 44 e 44 após o tratamento com sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho, respectivamente. Este estudo mostrou que sulphadimidine, amprolium e triquen não poderiam reduzir significativamente a coccidiose em pombos. Mais estudos são necessários para limpar o mecanismo de drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens.


Assuntos
Animais , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Coccidiose/veterinária , Amprólio , Paquistão , Columbidae , Sulfametazina , Galinhas
6.
Braz. j. biol ; 82: 1-4, 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1468444

Resumo

Coccidiosis remains one of the major problems in poultry all over the world. Very limited data on anticoccidial drugs in wild pigeons is available. The current study was aimed to understand the comparative efficacy of sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen in wild pigeons of Dir district, Pakistan suffering from coccidiosis. The faecal matter of wild pigeons were purchased from the local market for coccidian infection. Results revealed that 88.8% (16/18) were found infected with Eimeria spp. Three positive groups were treated with sulfadimidine (0.2mg/L), amprolium (25mg/L) and triquen. Sulfadimidine was most effective (45%) followed by amprolium (44.6%) while triquen (24.0%) showed less effectiveness against coccidiosis in pigeons. Number of oocysts were 79, 81 and 80 before treatment and 60, 44 and 44 after treatment with sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen respectively. This study showed that sulphadimidine, amprolium and triquen could not significantly reduce the coccidiosis in pigeons. Further studies are required to clear the mechanism of anti-coccidial drugs in wild pigeons.


A coccidiose continua sendo um dos maiores problemas em aves de todo o mundo. Dados muito limitados sobre drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens estão disponíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a eficácia comparativa da sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho em pombos selvagens do distrito de Dir, no Paquistão, que sofrem de coccidiose. A matéria fecal dos pombos selvagens foi comprada no mercado local para infecção por coccídios. Os resultados revelaram que 88,8% (16/18) foram encontrados infectados com Eimeria spp. Três grupos positivos foram tratados com sulfadimidina (0,2mg / L), amprólio (25mg / L) e triquenho. A sulfadimidina foi mais eficaz (45%), seguida pelo amprólio (44,6%), enquanto o triquenho (24,0%) apresentou menor efetividade contra a coccidiose em pombos. O número de oocistos foram 79, 81 e 80 antes do tratamento e 60, 44 e 44 após o tratamento com sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho, respectivamente. Este estudo mostrou que sulphadimidine, amprolium e triquen não poderiam reduzir significativamente a coccidiose em pombos. Mais estudos são necessários para limpar o mecanismo de drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens.


Assuntos
Animais , Amprólio , Coccidiose/prevenção & controle , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Coccidiose/veterinária , Columbidae/parasitologia , Sulfametazina , Anti-Infecciosos
7.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 82: 1-4, 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-33447

Resumo

Coccidiosis remains one of the major problems in poultry all over the world. Very limited data on anticoccidial drugs in wild pigeons is available. The current study was aimed to understand the comparative efficacy of sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen in wild pigeons of Dir district, Pakistan suffering from coccidiosis. The faecal matter of wild pigeons were purchased from the local market for coccidian infection. Results revealed that 88.8% (16/18) were found infected with Eimeria spp. Three positive groups were treated with sulfadimidine (0.2mg/L), amprolium (25mg/L) and triquen. Sulfadimidine was most effective (45%) followed by amprolium (44.6%) while triquen (24.0%) showed less effectiveness against coccidiosis in pigeons. Number of oocysts were 79, 81 and 80 before treatment and 60, 44 and 44 after treatment with sulfadimidine, amprolium and triquen respectively. This study showed that sulphadimidine, amprolium and triquen could not significantly reduce the coccidiosis in pigeons. Further studies are required to clear the mechanism of anti-coccidial drugs in wild pigeons.(AU)


A coccidiose continua sendo um dos maiores problemas em aves de todo o mundo. Dados muito limitados sobre drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens estão disponíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a eficácia comparativa da sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho em pombos selvagens do distrito de Dir, no Paquistão, que sofrem de coccidiose. A matéria fecal dos pombos selvagens foi comprada no mercado local para infecção por coccídios. Os resultados revelaram que 88,8% (16/18) foram encontrados infectados com Eimeria spp. Três grupos positivos foram tratados com sulfadimidina (0,2mg / L), amprólio (25mg / L) e triquenho. A sulfadimidina foi mais eficaz (45%), seguida pelo amprólio (44,6%), enquanto o triquenho (24,0%) apresentou menor efetividade contra a coccidiose em pombos. O número de oocistos foram 79, 81 e 80 antes do tratamento e 60, 44 e 44 após o tratamento com sulfadimidina, amprólio e triquenho, respectivamente. Este estudo mostrou que sulphadimidine, amprolium e triquen não poderiam reduzir significativamente a coccidiose em pombos. Mais estudos são necessários para limpar o mecanismo de drogas anticoccidiais em pombos selvagens.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Columbidae/parasitologia , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Coccidiose/prevenção & controle , Coccidiose/veterinária , Sulfametazina , Amprólio , Anti-Infecciosos
8.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 43(4): 1695-1704, jul.-ago. 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1369847

Resumo

Coccidiosis is an enteric disease caused by protozoa, especially Cystoisospora suis which can lead to large losses in production. Its transmission occurs through different routes, mainly affecting piglets in the first weeks of life and normally progressing with diarrhea unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The objective of this work was to evaluate, in two seasons of the year, the occurrence of C. suis in piglets and sows, the transmission routes and source of infection and the influence of the preventive use of toltrazuril on these epidemiological parameters. Two experiments were carried out, the first being in winter; under the influence of prophylactic use of toltrazuril; and the second in the summer, six months after the suspension of the prophylactic use of toltrazuril. The study included 36 sows (18 controls, 18 treated toltrazuril). The following samples were collected: rest of the sows, water from the individual drinkers in each cage, organic swabs present in the keepers' shoes, environmental swabs pre and housing, present in the cages in the rooms and accumulations of the maternity cage. As were disclosed to coproparaological and PCR exams. The presence of C. bebe ocysts is the winter and summer control following samples: sow feces (2.84%) of the winter and summer control groups (7.60%) of the winter and summer treated groups and the treated group winter and summer, rectal swabs from litters (9.03%) in the control and treated groups in winter, collected from the environment (20.22%) from all groups. Like others, they were negative for the presence of the parasite. There was no difference between the control and toltrazuril groups and no positive samples were observed in the summer. The possible route of transmission of the agent in the present work was the water from the douros. Preventive therapy with toltrazuril in farms with low infection pressure is not necessary to control C. suis.(AU)


A coccidiose é uma doença entérica, causada por protozoários, destacando o Cystoisospora suis que pode levar a grandes perdas na produção. Sua transmissão ocorre por diferentes rotas, afetando principalmente leitões nas primeiras semanas de vida e cursando normalmente com quadros de diarreia não responsivos à antibioticoterapia. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar, em duas estações do ano, a ocorrência de C. suis em leitões e matrizes, as vias de transmissão e fonte de infecção e a influência do uso preventivo do toltrazuril sobre estes parâmetros epidemiológicos, Dois experimentos foram realizados, sendo o primeiro no inverno; sob efeito do uso profilático do toltrazuril; e o segundo no verão, seis meses após a suspensão do uso profilático do toltrazuril. O estudo incluiu 36 porcas (18 controles, 18 tratadas com toltrazuril). As seguintes amostras foram coletadas: fezes das porcas, água dos bebedouros individuais de cada gaiola, suabes retais de cada leitegada, resíduos orgânicos presentes no calçado dos tratadores, suabes ambientais pré e pós alojamento, insetos presentes nas salas analisadas e fezes acumuladas nas gaiolas da maternidade. As amostras foram submetidas a exames coproparasitológicos e PCR. A presença de oocistos de C. suis foi detectada nas seguintes amostras: fezes das porcas (2,84%) dos grupos controle do inverno e verão, água dos bebedouros (7,60%) dos grupos tratado do inverno e verão e do grupo controle do verão, suabes retais das leitegadas (9,03%) nos grupos controle e tratado no inverno, fezes coletadas do ambiente (20,22%) de todos os grupos. As outras amostras foram negativas para a presença do parasita. Não houve diferença entre o grupo controle e tratado e não foram observadas amostras positivas no verão. A possível via de transmissão do agente no presente trabalho foi a água dos bebedouros. A terapia preventiva com toltrazuril em granjas com baixa pressão de infecção não é necessária para o controle de C. suis.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Suínos/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Coccidiose , Oocistos , Antibacterianos , Estações do Ano
9.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 23(4): eRBCA-2020-1377, 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-31167

Resumo

This study was conducted to evaluate the anticoccidial potential of Artemisia brevifolia extract (ABE) and its effect on biochemical parameters against experimental coccidiosis in broiler chickens. For this purpose, a total of 150 broiler chicks were procured and divided into 5 equal groups (30 birds per group). At one week of age, the first three groups (A, B and C) were orally fed with ABE at dose rates of 100, 200 and 300mg/kg respectively for seven consecutive days. Group D served as infected/medicated and was treated with Baycox® (1ml/L of water). Group E served as the infected/non-medicated control group. At two weeks of age, all groups were infected with 50,000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella. The anticoccidial potential was evaluated based on lesion score, oocyst score, fecal score, feed conversion ratio, and mortality (%). Furthermore, the effect of ABE on hematological parameters and serum chemistry was also evaluated by following standard procedures. The anticoccidial effects were compared with the standard drug Baycox® (p>0.05). Results of the study showed the anticoccidial activity of ABE in terms of lesion diminishing, oocyst and fecal scores, better feed conversion ratios, and mortality reduction (%). The ABE also improved hematological parameters and stabilized the serum enzymes (ALT, LDH, Creatinine) of infected chicks (p>0.05).(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/fisiologia , Coccidiostáticos/efeitos adversos , Coccidiostáticos/análise , Fenômenos Bioquímicos , Eimeria/isolamento & purificação
10.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 23(4): eRBCA, 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490886

Resumo

This study was conducted to evaluate the anticoccidial potential of Artemisia brevifolia extract (ABE) and its effect on biochemical parameters against experimental coccidiosis in broiler chickens. For this purpose, a total of 150 broiler chicks were procured and divided into 5 equal groups (30 birds per group). At one week of age, the first three groups (A, B and C) were orally fed with ABE at dose rates of 100, 200 and 300mg/kg respectively for seven consecutive days. Group D served as infected/medicated and was treated with Baycox® (1ml/L of water). Group E served as the infected/non-medicated control group. At two weeks of age, all groups were infected with 50,000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella. The anticoccidial potential was evaluated based on lesion score, oocyst score, fecal score, feed conversion ratio, and mortality (%). Furthermore, the effect of ABE on hematological parameters and serum chemistry was also evaluated by following standard procedures. The anticoccidial effects were compared with the standard drug Baycox® (p>0.05). Results of the study showed the anticoccidial activity of ABE in terms of lesion diminishing, oocyst and fecal scores, better feed conversion ratios, and mortality reduction (%). The ABE also improved hematological parameters and stabilized the serum enzymes (ALT, LDH, Creatinine) of infected chicks (p>0.05).


Assuntos
Animais , Coccidiostáticos/análise , Coccidiostáticos/efeitos adversos , Eimeria/isolamento & purificação , Fenômenos Bioquímicos , Galinhas/fisiologia
11.
R. bras. Parasitol. Vet. ; 29(4): e009820, out. 2020. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29893

Resumo

Natural products are ecofriendly agents that can be used against parasitic diseases. Eimeria species cause eimeriosis in many birds and mammals and resistance to available medications used in the treatment of eimeriosis is emerging. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo activity of Morus nigra leaf extracts (MNLE) against sporulation of oocysts and infection of mice with Eimeria papillata. Phytochemical analysis of MNLE showed the presence of seven compounds and the in vitro effects of MNLE, amprolium, DettolTM, formalin, ethanol, and phenol were studied after incubation with oocysts before sporulation. Furthermore, infection of mice with E. papillata induced an oocyst output of approximately 12 × 105 oocysts/g of feces. MNLE significantly decreased oocyst output to approximately 86% and the total number of parasitic stages in the jejunum by approximately 87%. In addition, the reduction in the number of goblet cells in the jejuna of mice was increased after treatment. These findings suggest that mulberry exhibited powerful anticoccidial activity.(AU)


Os produtos naturais são agentes ecologicamente corretos que podem ser usados contra doenças parasitárias. As espécies de Eimeria causam eimeriose em muitas aves e mamíferos e a resistência aos medicamentos disponíveis usados no tratamento da eimeriose está emergindo. Foram investigadas as atividades in vitro e in vivo dos extratos de folhas de Morus nigra (MNLE) contra esporulação de oocistos e infecção de camundongos com Eimeria papillata. A análise fitoquímica do MNLE mostrou a presença de sete compostos e os efeitos in vitro do MNLE, amprolium, DettolTM, formalina, etanol e fenol foram estudados após incubação com oocistos antes da esporulação. Além disso, a infecção de camundongos com E. papillata induziu uma produção de oocistos de aproximadamente 12 × 105 oocistos / g de fezes. O MNLE reduziu significativamente a produção de oocistos para aproximadamente 86%, e o número total de estágios parasitários no jejuno em aproximadamente 87%. Além disso, a redução no número de células caliciformes no jejuno de camundongos aumentou após o tratamento. Esses achados sugerem que a amoreira exibia uma poderosa atividade anticoccidiana.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Camundongos/imunologia , Camundongos/parasitologia , Coccidiostáticos , Eimeria , Morus
12.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 21(1): [eRBCA-2019-0846], mai. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-21173

Resumo

Coccidiosis negatively impacts health and productive performance in broilers. Anticoccidial resistance has prompted alternatives to prevent and control this disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a plant feed additive consisting of Acacia concinna containing saponins (Peptasan®) and compare its effectiveness with salinomycin in terms of performance of broilers challenged with Eimeria. In the first experiment, 300 Ross chicks (1 day old) were randomly distributed into a negative (uninfected and untreated), and positive control group (infected and untreated), and three levels of dietary Peptasan® (500, 750 and 1000 ppm). In the second experiment, the same number of chicks were distributed in two control groups (negative and positive), two levels of Peptasan® (500 and 750 ppm) and one level of salinomycin (550 ppm). In both experiments chicks were challenged at day 21 of age with 100,000 oocysts of Eimeria acervulina, 50,000 oocysts of Eimeria maxima and 50,000 oocysts of Eimeria tenella. Dietary Peptasan® improved productive performance, reduced mortality and the number of oocysts in feces, as well as increased yellow pigmentation of the skin of challenged chickens. The plant feed additive Peptasan® containing Acacia concinna can be effectively used for preventing coccidiosis in broilers.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/microbiologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Acacia/química
13.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 21(1): [eRBCA-2019-0846], abr. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490608

Resumo

Coccidiosis negatively impacts health and productive performance in broilers. Anticoccidial resistance has prompted alternatives to prevent and control this disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a plant feed additive consisting of Acacia concinna containing saponins (Peptasan®) and compare its effectiveness with salinomycin in terms of performance of broilers challenged with Eimeria. In the first experiment, 300 Ross chicks (1 day old) were randomly distributed into a negative (uninfected and untreated), and positive control group (infected and untreated), and three levels of dietary Peptasan® (500, 750 and 1000 ppm). In the second experiment, the same number of chicks were distributed in two control groups (negative and positive), two levels of Peptasan® (500 and 750 ppm) and one level of salinomycin (550 ppm). In both experiments chicks were challenged at day 21 of age with 100,000 oocysts of Eimeria acervulina, 50,000 oocysts of Eimeria maxima and 50,000 oocysts of Eimeria tenella. Dietary Peptasan® improved productive performance, reduced mortality and the number of oocysts in feces, as well as increased yellow pigmentation of the skin of challenged chickens. The plant feed additive Peptasan® containing Acacia concinna can be effectively used for preventing coccidiosis in broilers.


Assuntos
Animais , Acacia/química , Coccidiose/veterinária , Galinhas/microbiologia
14.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 47: Pub.1709-2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1458107

Resumo

Background: In ruminants, the weaning period is a critical phase, because these young animals are allocated to variousfacilities and receive different feeds. Alternatively, supplements and additives can be used. The tannins are polyphenolsproduced by plants; constitute a group of complex secondary metabolic factors that inhibit the consumption by herbivoresor the development of microbial agents. The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of condensedtannin extract from quebracho trees (Schinopsis lorentzii) in lamb diets after weaning would have beneficial effects ongrowth and health.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty lambs were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 treatments (10 lambs/treatment): T1 (0%;control), T2, T3, and T4 was 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 % of quebracho extract in the diet, respectively. The T2 (0.3%) lambs hadgreater body condition scores (P = 0.005), and although they did not differ significantly, they had numerically greaterbody weight (P = 0.067) and weight gain (P = 0.072), than the control lambs. The anthelmintic and anticoccidial effectwas not possible to verify because no animals in any group were naturally infected by helminths or coccidia. The T4lambs had greater numbers of erythrocytes (days 10 and 40) [P < 0.05], greater hemoglobin concentrations (days 10and 40), and greater numbers of total leukocytes (day 10) as a result of greater numbers of neutrophil at the end of theadaptation period (day 10) compared to T1. The T3 and T4 lambs had greater (P < 0.05) serum total protein (days 10and 40) because of greater concentration of serum globulins (days 10 and 40) compared to T1, suggesting that the addition of tannin stimulated the immune system. The addition of quebracho in the diet affected serum concentrations ofglucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol at some times and treatments (P < 0.05). However, these changes did not followa pattern...


Assuntos
Animais , Anacardiaceae/química , Desmame , Extratos Vegetais , Ovinos/metabolismo , Ovinos/sangue , Taninos/administração & dosagem , Aditivos Alimentares
15.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 47: Pub. 1709, Dec. 7, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-25464

Resumo

Background: In ruminants, the weaning period is a critical phase, because these young animals are allocated to variousfacilities and receive different feeds. Alternatively, supplements and additives can be used. The tannins are polyphenolsproduced by plants; constitute a group of complex secondary metabolic factors that inhibit the consumption by herbivoresor the development of microbial agents. The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of condensedtannin extract from quebracho trees (Schinopsis lorentzii) in lamb diets after weaning would have beneficial effects ongrowth and health.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty lambs were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 treatments (10 lambs/treatment): T1 (0%;control), T2, T3, and T4 was 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 % of quebracho extract in the diet, respectively. The T2 (0.3%) lambs hadgreater body condition scores (P = 0.005), and although they did not differ significantly, they had numerically greaterbody weight (P = 0.067) and weight gain (P = 0.072), than the control lambs. The anthelmintic and anticoccidial effectwas not possible to verify because no animals in any group were naturally infected by helminths or coccidia. The T4lambs had greater numbers of erythrocytes (days 10 and 40) [P < 0.05], greater hemoglobin concentrations (days 10and 40), and greater numbers of total leukocytes (day 10) as a result of greater numbers of neutrophil at the end of theadaptation period (day 10) compared to T1. The T3 and T4 lambs had greater (P < 0.05) serum total protein (days 10and 40) because of greater concentration of serum globulins (days 10 and 40) compared to T1, suggesting that the addition of tannin stimulated the immune system. The addition of quebracho in the diet affected serum concentrations ofglucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol at some times and treatments (P < 0.05). However, these changes did not followa pattern...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos/sangue , Ovinos/metabolismo , Taninos/administração & dosagem , Desmame , Extratos Vegetais , Anacardiaceae/química , Aditivos Alimentares
16.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 21(2): 1-7, 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-23198

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate diets supplemented with probiotic (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and organic acids (lactic, acetic and butyric acid) in attempt to replace the antibiotics and anticoccidial (avilamycin + sodium monensin) growth promoters on performance and economic viability of broilers challenged by Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella. A total of 900 male Cobb® chickens, with a mean weight of 39.90g, were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement: supplementation or not of probiotic and organic acids and a treatment with inclusion of antibiotics, comprising five treatments with six replicates. For the studied performance variables, there was no effect of the isolated additives and no interaction between them (p>0.05). Only the antibiotics promoted better results for weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion rate (FCR). Therefore, the use of organic acids and probiotic, isolated or associated, provided lower performance to those receiving antibiotics, not improving the performance of chickens under the imposed challenge conditions. The highest revenues were generated with the use of antibiotics, providing greater profits.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Probióticos/análise , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , Ácidos Orgânicos/análise , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/análise , Ácido Láctico/análise , Ácido Butírico/análise , Ácido Acético/análise
17.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 21(2): 1-7, 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490636

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate diets supplemented with probiotic (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and organic acids (lactic, acetic and butyric acid) in attempt to replace the antibiotics and anticoccidial (avilamycin + sodium monensin) growth promoters on performance and economic viability of broilers challenged by Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella. A total of 900 male Cobb® chickens, with a mean weight of 39.90g, were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement: supplementation or not of probiotic and organic acids and a treatment with inclusion of antibiotics, comprising five treatments with six replicates. For the studied performance variables, there was no effect of the isolated additives and no interaction between them (p>0.05). Only the antibiotics promoted better results for weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion rate (FCR). Therefore, the use of organic acids and probiotic, isolated or associated, provided lower performance to those receiving antibiotics, not improving the performance of chickens under the imposed challenge conditions. The highest revenues were generated with the use of antibiotics, providing greater profits.


Assuntos
Animais , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/análise , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , Galinhas , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Probióticos/análise , Ácido Acético/análise , Ácido Butírico/análise , Ácido Láctico/análise , Ácidos Orgânicos/análise
18.
Acta Vet. Brasilica ; 11(2): 93-97, jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1453090

Resumo

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of lemon grass essential oil on the performance and yield of organs and commercial cuts of broiler chickens. Seventy-two one-day-old broiler chicks of the lineage Cobb 500 were evaluated for 42 days. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with three treatments of six broiler chicks and four replications. The treatments consisted of negative control diet (NCD), composed of basal feed, without antimicrobial; positive control diet (PCD), composed of basal feed with antimicrobial (zinc bacitracin) and anticoccidial; and lemon grass diet (LGD), composed of NCD with lemon grass essential oil. The performance of the broilers was lower with the use of lemon grass oil, compared with those in the treatment PCD. The broiler chickens in the treatment LGD had the lowest gizzard and drumstick weights and their commercial cuts were negatively affected by this treatment. Therefore, the use of lemon grass essential oil in the chicken broiler diet negatively affects their productive characteristics.


Assuntos
Animais , Dieta/veterinária , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Anti-Infecciosos , Redução de Peso
19.
Acta Vet. bras. ; 11(2): 93-97, jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-16374

Resumo

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of lemon grass essential oil on the performance and yield of organs and commercial cuts of broiler chickens. Seventy-two one-day-old broiler chicks of the lineage Cobb 500 were evaluated for 42 days. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with three treatments of six broiler chicks and four replications. The treatments consisted of negative control diet (NCD), composed of basal feed, without antimicrobial; positive control diet (PCD), composed of basal feed with antimicrobial (zinc bacitracin) and anticoccidial; and lemon grass diet (LGD), composed of NCD with lemon grass essential oil. The performance of the broilers was lower with the use of lemon grass oil, compared with those in the treatment PCD. The broiler chickens in the treatment LGD had the lowest gizzard and drumstick weights and their commercial cuts were negatively affected by this treatment. Therefore, the use of lemon grass essential oil in the chicken broiler diet negatively affects their productive characteristics.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Óleos Voláteis/análise , Dieta/veterinária , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Anti-Infecciosos , Redução de Peso
20.
Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-220248

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de uma vacina atenuada por precocidade como alternativa as drogas anticoccidianas utilizadas no controle da coccidiose, associado a um aditivo nutricional na dieta, sobre o desempenho produtivo e a saúde intestinal de frangos de corte desafiados. Foram utilizados 672 pintinhos machos, da linhagem Ross, provenientes de matrizes de cerca de 40 semanas de idade. As aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4x2 (4 programas de controle vs 2 condições sanitárias) totalizando 8 tratamentos com 6 repetições de 14 aves cada. Os resultados obtidos no experimento foram analisados utilizando-se análise de variância (ANOVA) do procedimento General Lineal Model (GLM) com auxílio do programa estatístico SAS (Statistical Analysis System) e quando significativas, as médias entre os tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey. As aves que foram desafiadas apresentaram menores (P<0,05) resultados de desempenho produtivo independente dos tratamentos, demonstrando similaridade na efetividade de ambos os programas anticoccidianos. A associação de vacina e aditivo melhorou (P<0,05) a conversão alimentar entre 21 e 28 dias. Para morfometria do duodeno, houve menor (P<0,05) relação vilo:cripta aos 19 dias e área de absorção aos 28 dias para grupo desafiado. No desdobramento da interação, o programa anticoccidiano acrescido de aditivo resultou em menor (P<0,05) espessura da camada muscular do grupo desafiado. No jejuno, aves vacinadas demonstraram maior (P<0,05) largura de vilo e o programa anticoccdiano maior (P<0,05) área de absorção aos 19 dias. No desdobramento da interação, a associação de aditivo e vacina melhorou (P<0,05) a profundidade de cripta e o programa vacina resultou em menor (P<0,05) relação vilo:cripta para aves desafiadas. Aos 28 dias, o programa vacina apresentou maior (P<0,05) comprimento do vilo e profundidade de cripta, o que demonstra maior resposta regenerativa do jejuno. No íleo, a associação de vacina e aditivo apresentou maior (P<0,05) largura de vilo aos 19 dias e o programa anticoccidano acrescido de aditivo apresentou menor (P<0,05) profundidade de cripta e maior área de absorção aos 28 dias, porém não apresentou melhores valores que o programa vacina acrescido de aditivo. Aves desafiadas apresentaram maior (P<0,05) distância de deslocamente do probe aos 19 dias, ou seja, característica mais elástica, pois no momento da cicatrização do tecido lesionado é utilizado colágeno. Não houve (P>0,05) efeito significativo para oxidação lipídica, contagem de células em mitose na cripta da mucosa do jejuno em relação aos programas de controle e as condições sanitárias avaliadas. O programa vacina anticoccidiana acrescido de aditivo apresentou maior (P<0,05) capacidade antioxidante sérica de DPPH aos 19 dias. O grupo vacinado demonstrou o maior nível de ABTS aos 19 dias, impactando positivamente na capacidade de proteção antioxidante. Os níveis séricos de FITC-d foram menores (P<0,05) para grupo desafiado. No desdobramento da interação dos fatores para o valor b* mensurado na pele do peito das aves, observou-se maior (P<0,05) valor quando foi adicionado o aditivo nutricional ao programa vacina. Aves vacinadas demonstraram menor escore de lesão para E. tenella aos 19 dias. O programa vacina associado ao aditivo, resultou em maior (P<0,05) coloração de pés para grupo controle aos 19 dias comparado com o programa anticoccidiano na ausência de aditivo. O comportamento de excreção de oocistos das aves vacinadas demonstrou formação de imunidade e ambos os programas anticoccidianos foram efetivos para controle da coccidiose. O controle da coccidiose em frangos de corte com uso de vacina atenuada por precocidade pode ser uma alternativa eficaz e segura e capaz de proporcionar desempenho zootécnico semelhante àquele obtido com o programa anticoccidiano em situações de desafio ou não. O uso de um aditivo nutricional com ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e média pode ser usado em associação com programa anticoccidiano para potencializar os resultados.


This research aimed to avaluate the effectiveness of a precocity attenuated vaccine as an alternative to anticoccidial drugs used to control coccidiosis, associated with a nutritional additive in the diet, on the productive performance and the intestinal health of challenged broilers. For the accomplishment of this study 672 male chicks of the Cobb Slow line with from dams around 40 weeks old. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (4 control programs versus 2 sanitary conditions) resulting in 8 treatments and 6 replicates of 14 birds per box. The results obtained in the experiment were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the General Lineal Model (GLM) procedure with the aid of the statistical program SAS (Statistical Analysis System) and when significant, the means between treatments were compared byTukey test. The birds that were challenged had smaller (P<0,05) performance results regardless of the of treatments, demonstrating similarity in the effectiveness of the both anticoccidial programs. The association of vaccine and additive improved (P<0,05) feed conversion between 21 and 28 days. For duodenum morphometry, there was smaller (P<0,05) villus:crypt ratio at 19 days and absorption area at 28 days for the challenged group. In the unfolding of the interaction, the anticoccidial program with the addition of additive resulted in smaller (P<0,05) muscle layer thickness in the challenged group. In the jejunum, vaccinated birds demonstrated greater (P<0,05) villi width and the anticoccidial program greater area of absorption at 19 days. In the unfolding of the interaction, the association of vaccine and additive improved (P<0,05) depth of the crypt and the vaccine program resulted in smaller (P<0,05) vilo:crypt ratio for challenged birds. At 28 days, the vaccine program presented greater (P<0,05) villus length and crypt depth, which demonstrates higher jejunum regenerative response. In the ileus, the association of vaccine and additive showed greater (P<0,05) villi width at 19 days and the anticoccidial program with the addition of additive presented smaller (P<0,05) crypt depth and greater area of absorption at 28 days, however it did not show better values than the vaccine program plus an additive. Challenged birds had a greater (P<0.05) probe displacement distance at 19 days, that is, a more elastic characteristic, as collagen is used at the time of healing of the injured tissue. There was no significant effect (P>0,05) for lipid oxidation and cell count in mitosis in the jejunal mucosa crypt in relation to the control programs and the sanitary conditions evaluated. The vaccine program plus additive showed higher serum antioxidant capacity of DPPH at 19 days. The vaccinated group showed the highest (P<0,05) level of ABTS at 19 days, positively impacting the antioxidant protection capacity. Serum FITC-d levels were lower (P>0.05) for the challenged group. In the unfolding of the interaction of the factors for the b* value measured on the broiler breast skin, a greater (P<0,05) value was observed when the nutritional additive was added to the vaccine program. The vaccinated chickens showed smaller (P<0.05) lesion score for E. tenella at 19 days. The vaccine program associated with the additive resulted in greater coloration of chicken feet for the control group at 19 days compared to the anticoccidial program without additive inclusion. The oocyst excretion behavior of the vaccinated birds demonstrated immunity formation and both anticoccidial programs were effective for the control of coccidiosis. The control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens using a vaccine attenuated by precocity can be an effective and safe alternative, capable of providing zootechnical performance similar to that obtained with the anticoccidial program in challenging situations or not. The use of a nutritional additive with short and medium chain fatty acids can be used in association with an anticoccidial program to enhance the results.

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