Principais alterações em exames bioquímicos de cães domésticos na cidade de Formiga/MG de 2017 a 2021 / Main alterations in biochemical tests of domestic dogs in the city of Formiga/MG from 2017 to 2021

O uso de exames laboratoriais na clínica de pequenos animais é um importante recurso, principalmente quando se trata de exames bioquímicos que avaliam funções renais e hepáticas. Esses exames podem auxiliar não somente na descoberta de doenças e no direcionamento do seu tratamento, como também no estadiamento de patologias já diagnosticadas. Com base no exposto foi realizado um estudo transversale retrospectivo avaliando os valores absolutos e a frequência de exames bioquímicos realizados num laboratório de análises clínicas veterinárias de Formiga/MG. Foram avaliados os valores de Nitrogênio Ureico, Creatinina, AST, ALT, ALP, Gama GT, Glicose e Proteínas Totais e Frações. Foi visto que a maioria dos resultados se encontravam dentro dos valores de referência e que algumas enzimas precisam ser relacionadas com outras para resultados mais precisos.(AU)

The use of laboratory tests in small animal clinics is an important resource, especially when it comes to biochemical tests that assess kidney and liver functions. These exams can help not only in the discovery of diseases and in directing their treatment, but also in the staging of already diagnosed pathologies. Based on the above, a cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out, evaluating the absolute values and the frequency of biochemical tests performed in a clinical veterinary analysis laboratory in Formiga/MG. Ureic Nitrogen, Creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP, GT Gamma, Glucose and Total Proteins and Fractions were evaluated. It was seen that most results were within reference values and that some enzymes need to be related with others for more accurate results.(AU)

Concomitant occurrence of multicentric hemangiosarcoma and histiocytic sarcoma in a dog

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is uncommon malignant neoplasia of round cells with marked predilection in Rottweiler and Bernese Mountain. The disseminated form, which mainly affects the spleen, lungs, lymph nodes, bone marrow, skin, and subcutis, presents a quick and aggressive clinical behavior. Hemangiosarcoma (HAS) is a malignant neoplasm of endothelial vessel cells commonly reported to affect the right atrium of dogs' hearts. A male Rottweiler, five years old, presented flaccid paraplegia and progressive muscular atrophy in the temporal, masseter, and limbs muscles; Due to the clinical stage of the animal, euthanasia was conducted. During the necroscopic examination, it was noticed that several masses presented different sizes; some were whitish, and others were reddish and spread in multiple organs (lungs, heart, spleen, stomach, kidneys, brain, medulla, skeletal muscle, and pre-scapular lymph node). Microscopically, in some organs such as the stomach, right ventricle, lungs, and medulla, it was noticed a proliferation of myeloid cells, highly cellular, with poor demarcation, no encapsulation, and with the infiltrative growth pattern of cells with high pleomorphism. Numerous tumoral emboli were observed in the spleen, brain, skeletal muscle, and lymph node. These cells were submitted for immunohistochemistry and were positive for CD18 (HS antibody). In the right atrium, liver, and kidney it was observed malignant and infiltrative endothelial proliferation (HSA) and emboli in the medulla. Therefore, we conclude that both neoplasms (HS and HSA) cause the animal's paraplegia due to their embolism and metastasis to the spinal cord and skeletal muscle.(AU)

Vacuolização neuronal e degeneração espinocerebelar em filhote de Rottweiler / Neuronal vacuolation and spinocerebellar degeneration in a Rottweiller puppy

Background: Spinocerebellar degenerations and neuronal vacuolations are alterations characterized by the formation of vacuoles in the nervous tissue, commonly called status spongiosus. This condition occurs in young Rottweiler dogs causing a disease called Neuronal Vacuolation and Spinocerebellar Degeneration. Clinically, it presents with ataxia of the pelvic limbs, which evolves to generalized ataxia, tetraparesis, and laryngeal paralysis. Histologically, spongiform and vacuolar alterations of the neuropil and neurons are highlighted. This reports a case of neuronal vacuolation and spinocerebellar degeneration in a Rottweiler puppy. Case: Necropsy was performed on the cadaver of a 5-month-old Rottweiler bitch that had been presenting with ataxia for approximately 1 month, in addition to dyspnea, pulmonary crepitations, and microphthalmia. Macroscopic evaluation revealed pale ocular and oral mucosae; marked gastric dilatation and abdominal distension; pulmonary hemorrhage and edema; hepatosplenomegaly; fatty degeneration of the liver; and congestion of meningeal blood vessels. Microscopically, histological evaluation of the spinal cord showed an increase in gray matter cellularity with marked presence of oligodendrocytes and microglia cells; moderate to severe multifocal intracytoplasmic micro- and macrovacuoles with displacement of the neurons' nuclei to the periphery of the cell; central chromatolysis of the neurons adjacent to neurons affected by vacuolation; and mild multifocal necrosis associated with mild multifocal neuronophagia. The white matter exhibited discrete digestion chambers, in addition to marked diffuse congestion of the leptomeninges. In the cerebellum, neurons in the nerve nuclei (emboliform, globose, and fastigial) showed moderate multifocal vacuoles in the cytoplasm, whereas adjacent neurons showed central chromatolysis, necrosis, and mild neuronophagia. Additional histological findings included lymphoid hyperplasia, fatty degeneration of the liver, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Discussion: Spongiform and degenerative encephalopathies are diseases recognized worldwide, mainly in cattle and sheep. However, the identification of these changes in new species has led to the need for further investigations. In dogs, the first reports occurred in 1995 and 1997 in Rottweiler animals. This disease affects young dogs, and although its pathogenesis is not completely known, it is believed to be associated with a genetic mutation in the RAB3GAP1 gene. Clinically, it is associated with clinical neurological manifestations, including progressive ataxia of the pelvic limbs, changes in spinal reflex, disordered proprioceptive reactions, laryngeal paralysis, as well as behavioral and gait alterations. In the clinical evaluation, leukoencephalomyelopathy and neuroaxonal dystrophy should be diseases considered as possible differential diagnoses, as they present with similar alterations. However, in histological evaluation, the exclusion of both is basically due to the absence of neuronal vacuolization. Unfortunately, the definitive diagnosis is only made post mortem, through a histopathological evaluation of the nervous tissue. Because it is a disease whose pathogenesis is little known and which shows signs of having a genetic character, histopathological examination for diagnostic purposes in young animals with neurological signs is of great importance.

Metastatic intranasal mastocytoma in a dog

Background: Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are neoplasms originating from mast cells, which can be well or poorly differentiated. They are considered the most commonly diagnosed malignant cutaneous neoplasm in dogs; however, intranasal forms are still little reported. Thus, this study seeks to report a case of unilateral intranasal MCT exhibiting submandibular lymph node metastasis. Case: A 11-year-old-and-4-month-old dog of undefined breed (UB), weighing 41 kg, was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Presenting a clinical history of bilateral purulent nasal secretion, accompanied by sneezing in the two months prior to admission, in addition to vomiting and diarrhea. Auxiliary tests were requested, including skull X-ray, cytology of the nasal cavity with a swab, and collection of material from the submandibular lymph node directly through cytology with a needle. Cytological findings from the right nasal cavity were consistent with mast cell tumors (MCTs). Cytological analysis of the left nasal cavity was compatible with dysplasia/cellular reactivity. A heterogeneous population of cells was detected on cytology of the right submandibular lymph node. These findings were consistent with MCT lymph node metastasis. Skull radiography showed an increase in both opacity and soft tissue extension, surpassing the palate, from the canine tooth through the caudal region of the maxillary sinuses to the last molar, without bone destruction. The dog was then admitted for an abdominal ultrasound, which showed no changes in the spleen or liver. The leukocyte count showed mild lymphopenia and the presence of reactive lymphocytes. Through the buffy coat, the presence of rare round cells, compatible with circulating mast cells, was detected. Due to the biological behavior of the neoplasm and its anatomical location, the established therapy was based on the use of vinblastine and prednisolone. The patient did not show any clinical improvements. In a joint decision with the patient's guardian, the dog was euthanized. Discussion: Intranasal MCTs commonly present progressive and intermittent unilateral epitaxis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, dyspnea, and ocular discharge. Several anatomical sites were associated with more aggressive neoplastic phenotypes; those with an unfavorable prognosis were mainly those present in the oral and intranasal mucosa. Cytopathological examination is considered a highly sensitive method for the diagnosis of MCTs. Metastases are present in more than 90% of mucosal MCTs, usually affecting regional lymph nodes and associated with a poor prognosis. Radiography is considered a useful test in determining the size and location of tumors in the nasal cavity. Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment, especially in cases like the one described in this report, in which surgical excision is not possible due to the anatomical location of the neoplasm. Intranasal MCTs are uncommon in dogs. In this case, he presented aggressive, metastatic behavior and a poor response to antineoplastic therapy. Furthermore, due to the location of these tumors, they may be clinically similar to a number of other upper respiratory tract diseases, posing a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, it is essential that the search for differential diagnoses be carried out through auxiliary tests, such as cytology and imaging.

Caroli syndrome in a dog / Síndrome de Caroli em um cão

Caroli syndrome is characterized by a combination of intrahepatic biliary ductal ectasia and congenital ductal fibrosis due to the failure of involution of ductal plates and large intrahepatic ducts. This study aims to report Caroli syndrome in a dog, with emphasis on clinical characteristics, complementary examinations, and diagnostic approach. A 1-year-old mixed-breed intact male dog was presented with a 7-day history of acute vomiting and anorexia. Clinical evaluation revealed severe jaundice, abdominal pain, dehydration, lethargy, and abdominal distension. Ultrasonography revealed hepatic cysts filled with fluid. Exploratory laparotomy was performed to clarify the imaging findings; however, the dog died shortly after surgery. Postmortem examination revealed that the liver was reduced in size and had multiple interconnected and distended saccular dilations. The bile ducts were markedly dilated and replaced a large part of the liver parenchyma. Multiple small cysts were also observed in the kidneys. Microscopically, the hepatic lesions were characterized by extensive bridging fibrosis associated with proliferating and ectatic bile ducts contiguous with the biliary tree. Marked fibrosis and small cysts were observed in the kidneys. Therefore, a final diagnosis of Caroli syndrome was made. While uncommon, this syndrome should be considered as a differential diagnosis for young dogs with biliary cysts and hepatic fibrosis.

A síndrome de Caroli é caracterizada pela combinação de ectasia biliar intra-hepática e fibrose ductal congênita, que se devem a falha na involução das placas ductais dos grandes ductos intra-hepáticos. Esse trabalho tem a intenção de reportar um caso de síndrome de Caroli em um canino, com ênfase em suas características clínicas, exames complementares, e abordagem diagnóstica. Um canídeo de um ano de idade, sem raça definida, apresentou um histórico clínico de sete dias de vômito agudo e anorexia. A avaliação clínica revelou severa icterícia, dor abdominal, desidratação, letargia e distensão abdominal. A ultrassonografia foi sugestiva de cistos hepáticos preenchidos por fluido. Uma laparotomia exploratória foi realizada para esclarecer os achados de imagem, porém, o cão morreu logo após a cirurgia. O cão foi submetido a exame de necropsia, onde se observou fígado diminuído em tamanho e com múltiplas dilatações saculares distendidas e interconectadas entre si. Os ductos biliares estavam acentuadamente dilatados e substituíam grande parte do parênquima hepático. Nos rins, múltiplos pequenos cistos eram observados. Microscopicamente as lesões hepáticas eram caracterizadas por extensa fibrose em ponte, associada a ductos biliares ectáticos e proliferados, que eram contíguos a árvore biliar. Nos rins, marcada fibrose e pequenas formações císticas foram observadas. Baseado na associação dos achados clínicos e patológicos, o diagnóstico de síndrome de Caroli foi feito. Mesmo que incomum, essa síndrome deve ser considerada como um diagnóstico diferencial para cães jovens com ductos biliares císticos e fibrose hepática.

Systemic phaeohyphomycosis in a dog caused by Cladophialophora bantiana

Background: Cladophialophora bantiana is a dematiaceous fungus that causes phaeohyphomycosis, a generic term used to describe a variety of unusual mycoses caused by fungi that have melanin in their cell wall. C. bantiana targets the central nervous system, commonly causing localized brain infections that may result in disseminated infections. In Brazil, minimal phaeohyphomycosis data are available, and information about C. bantiana infections in animals, especially canines, is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of systemic phaeohyphomycosis caused by C. bantiana in a dog. Case: A 1-year-old female Pit Bull presented with weight loss, reduced appetite, and a history of cutaneous lesions on the right thoracic limb; however, clinical evolution was not reported. The bitch had reportedly given birth recently. Physical examination revealed thinness, pale ocular and oral mucosa, submandibular lymph nodes, and enlarged popliteal lymph nodes. The bitch died after convulsive crises during hospitalization. At necropsy, white-yellowish multifocal nodules were observed in the liver and right kidney. The brain featured left cerebral hemisphere asymmetry with blood vessel congestion in the leptomeninges and an irregular brownish focal area on the surface of the right occipital cortex. Cross-sections of the formalin-fi xed brain exhibited compression of the left lateral ventricle and the presence of grayish and friable multifocal areas in the gray matter of the left parietal and right occipital cortices. Fragments of the lesions were collected for histopathological and microbiological examination. Histologically, the lesions were similar, characterized by hepatitis, nephritis, and granulomatous and necrotizing...

Superficial necrolytic dermatitis in a dog

Background: Superficial necrolytic dermatitis (SND), hepatocutaneous syndrome (HCS), metabolic epidermal necrosis (MEN), and necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) are useful terms to describe a disease that likely has a multifactorial etiopathogenesis. SND is a rare and fatal disease characterized by skin lesions and liver disease. Common skin lesions include hyperkeratosis, fissures, erosion, ulceration, crusting, exudation from the paws, face, perianal regions, and pressure points. This case report aimed to report the case of a bitch that developed the rare Superficial Necrolytic Dermatitis disease, emphasizing the clinical signs of the disease, and the importance of complementary exams such as abdominal ultrasound and skin biopsy for the definitive diagnosis. Case: A 9-year-old, mixed-breed, neutered female was referred for clinical examination with 5 months history of hyperkeratosis and ulceration of the paw pads, presenting pain, lameness and weight loss. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a liver with heterogeneous echotexture, mixed echogenicity, irregular and poorly delimited margins with hypoechoic nodules throughout like honeycombs. The gallbladder was visualized with a moderately thick layer. Histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of SND. Skin biopsies showed an increase in thickness of the epidermis due to irregular hyperplasia and proliferation of keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis, pallor of the spinous layer of the epidermis and important parakeratosis. Due to the progression of the disease, significant worsening of the patient's clinical condition and pain, associated with the impossibility of cure, the animal was submitted to euthanasia. A necropsy was performed to allow assessment of the liver and pancreas. The biopsies showed a severe proliferative chronic hepatitis, steatosis and cholestasis associated with pancreatitis and necrotic multifocal proliferative fibrinopurulent areas in the pancreas. Discussion: Clinical signs such as lethargy, inappetence, weight loss, as well as the dermatological signs presented by this bitch are nonspecific clinical signs and require a deeper clinical, pathological and histopathological diagnostic investigation to reach the diagnosis of this disease. The definitive diagnosis is made on the basis of a characteristic honeycomb pattern in the liver or associated with a neoplastic finding in the pancreas on ultrasound examination and confirmed by histopathological evaluation of skin biopsies. Palliative treatment with corticosteroid anti-inflammatories, improvement in feed quality, with higher nutritional and protein intake and intravenous amino acid supplementation are suggested by some authors as treatment alternatives. However, not all owners can afford a costly lifetime treatment. With the progressive worsening of the condition, many owners opt for euthanasia as a way to shorten the suffering of the animal. This decision is not an easy one to make. Despite the poor prognosis of the disease, treatment options should be tried by veterinarians and owners prior to the option of euthanasia. However, new affordable nutritional and pharmacological strategies to treat or control the disease are needed in order to improve quality of life of SND patients.

Anestesia para correção de shunt portossistêmico com anel de ameróide em cão / Anesthesia for the correction of portosystemic shunt with an ameroid ring in a dog

O shunt ou desvio portossistêmico (DPS) é uma conexão anormal entre a circulação portal e sistêmica, que desvia o fluxo sanguíneo do fígado em variados graus. Nesse contexto, uma anestesia de qualidade e segura faz toda diferença na recuperação do paciente. Com isso, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de relatar a técnica anestésica utilizada para o tratamento cirúrgico de um caso de shunt portossistêmico congênito em um cão da raça Yorkshire Terrier, fêmea, de quatro anos, pesando aproximadamente quatro quilos, que apresentava sintomas neurológicos decorrentes de encefalopatia hepática, devido à DPS. Para a medicação pré-anestésica (MPA), foi utilizado o cloridrato de remifentanila (2mg), na taxa de 10µg/Kg/h. Propofol (1%) foi utilizado para indução anestésica, na dose de 1mg/Kg/min, e para anestesia periglótica foi usado cloridrato de lidocaína (2%), no volume de 0,1mL/Kg. Quanto à manutenção anestésica, foi utilizado isoflurano (100%), em um vaporizador universal, citrato de maropitant (1%) em infusão contínua, na taxa de 30µg/Kg/h, cloridrato de remifentanila (2%), na mesma taxa utilizada na MPA, cetamina (10%), na taxa de 0,6mg/Kg/h, e brometo de rocurônio (10mg/mL), na dose de 0,15mg/Kg. Antes do início da cirurgia, foi realizado um bloqueio intraperitoneal com cloridrato de ropivacaína (0,4mg/Kg) diluída em 0,4mL/Kg, na dose de 0,1mL/Kg. Durante todo o procedimento cirúrgico, não houveram intercorrências nem alterações nos parâmetros fisiológicos. Dessa forma, pôde-se observar a eficácia da técnica anestésica utilizada para correção de shunt portossistêmico em um cão apresentando sintomatologia neurológica.

Shunt or portosystemic deviation (DPS) is an abnormal connection between portal and systemic circulation that diverts blood flow from the liver to varying degrees. In this context, quality and safe anesthesia makes all the difference in the patient's recovery. Thus, the present study aims to report the anesthetic technique used for the surgical treatment of a case of congenital portosystemic shunt in a four-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog, weighing approximately four kilograms, which presented neurological symptoms resulting from of hepatic encephalopathy due to DPS. For pre-anesthetic medication (MPA), remifentanil hydrochloride (2mg) was used at a rate of 10µg/Kg/h. Propofol (1%) was used for anesthetic induction at a dose of 1mg/kg/min and for periglotic anesthesia lidocaine hydrochloride (2%) in a volume of 0.1mL/kg was used. As for anesthetic maintenance, isoflurane (100%) in a universal vaporizer, maropitant citrate (1%) in continuous infusion, at the rate of 30µg/Kg/h, remifentanil hydrochloride (2%), at the same rate used in MPA, ketamine (10%) at a rate of 0.6mg/kg/h and rocuronium bromide (10mg/mL), at a dose of 0.15mg/kg. Before the start of surgery, an intraperitoneal block was performed with ropivacaine hydrochloride (0.4mg/kg) diluted in 0.4mL/kg, in the dose of 0.1mL/kg. Throughout the surgical procedure, there were no complications or changes in physiological parameters. Thus, it was possible to observe the effectiveness of the anesthetic technique used to correct portosystemic shunt in a dog presenting neurological symptoms.

Anestesia para correção de shunt portossistêmico com anel de ameróide em cão / Anesthesia for the correction of portosystemic shunt with an ameroid ring in a dog

O shunt ou desvio portossistêmico (DPS) é uma conexão anormal entre a circulação portal e sistêmica, que desvia o fluxo sanguíneo do fígado em variados graus. Nesse contexto, uma anestesia de qualidade e segura faz toda diferença na recuperação do paciente. Com isso, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de relatar a técnica anestésica utilizada para o tratamento cirúrgico de um caso de shunt portossistêmico congênito em um cão da raça Yorkshire Terrier, fêmea, de quatro anos, pesando aproximadamente quatro quilos, que apresentava sintomas neurológicos decorrentes de encefalopatia hepática, devido à DPS. Para a medicação pré-anestésica (MPA), foi utilizado o cloridrato de remifentanila (2mg), na taxa de 10µg/Kg/h. Propofol (1%) foi utilizado para indução anestésica, na dose de 1mg/Kg/min, e para anestesia periglótica foi usado cloridrato de lidocaína (2%), no volume de 0,1mL/Kg. Quanto à manutenção anestésica, foi utilizado isoflurano (100%), em um vaporizador universal, citrato de maropitant (1%) em infusão contínua, na taxa de 30µg/Kg/h, cloridrato de remifentanila (2%), na mesma taxa utilizada na MPA, cetamina (10%), na taxa de 0,6mg/Kg/h, e brometo de rocurônio (10mg/mL), na dose de 0,15mg/Kg. Antes do início da cirurgia, foi realizado um bloqueio intraperitoneal com cloridrato de ropivacaína (0,4mg/Kg) diluída em 0,4mL/Kg, na dose de 0,1mL/Kg. Durante todo o procedimento cirúrgico, não houveram intercorrências nem alterações nos parâmetros fisiológicos. Dessa forma, pôde-se observar a eficácia da técnica anestésica utilizada para correção de shunt portossistêmico em um cão apresentando sintomatologia neurológica.(AU)

Shunt or portosystemic deviation (DPS) is an abnormal connection between portal and systemic circulation that diverts blood flow from the liver to varying degrees. In this context, quality and safe anesthesia makes all the difference in the patient's recovery. Thus, the present study aims to report the anesthetic technique used for the surgical treatment of a case of congenital portosystemic shunt in a four-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog, weighing approximately four kilograms, which presented neurological symptoms resulting from of hepatic encephalopathy due to DPS. For pre-anesthetic medication (MPA), remifentanil hydrochloride (2mg) was used at a rate of 10µg/Kg/h. Propofol (1%) was used for anesthetic induction at a dose of 1mg/kg/min and for periglotic anesthesia lidocaine hydrochloride (2%) in a volume of 0.1mL/kg was used. As for anesthetic maintenance, isoflurane (100%) in a universal vaporizer, maropitant citrate (1%) in continuous infusion, at the rate of 30µg/Kg/h, remifentanil hydrochloride (2%), at the same rate used in MPA, ketamine (10%) at a rate of 0.6mg/kg/h and rocuronium bromide (10mg/mL), at a dose of 0.15mg/kg. Before the start of surgery, an intraperitoneal block was performed with ropivacaine hydrochloride (0.4mg/kg) diluted in 0.4mL/kg, in the dose of 0.1mL/kg. Throughout the surgical procedure, there were no complications or changes in physiological parameters. Thus, it was possible to observe the effectiveness of the anesthetic technique used to correct portosystemic shunt in a dog presenting neurological symptoms.(AU)

Hepatic encephalopathy in adult dog secondary to cirrhosis due to congenital biliary agenesis: a case report / Encefalopatia hepática em cão adulto secundária a cirrose causada por agenesia biliar congênita: relato de caso

Gallbladder agenesis is a congenital malformation that is considered extremely rare in dogs. The disease can course asymptomatically or with clinical signs, usually non-specific and including vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, ascites, and lethargy. The objective of this report was to describe the clinical and anatomopathological aspects of a dog with hepatic encephalopathy secondary to gallbladder agenesis. This condition can be diagnosed during surgery or imaging examinations; however, it is often an incidental finding. In the biochemical examinations, a decrease in alanine aminotransferase and an increase in alkaline phosphatase and hypoalbuminemia were observed. During the necropsy, hepatomegaly was observed with absence of the gallbladder, congestion, cerebral edema, lipiduria, and pulmonary edema. Microscopically, there was intense fibrosis and inflammation in the liver due to chronic cholangiohepatitis (cirrhosis of the liver). The consequence of this lesion secondary to gallbladder agenesis was hepatic encephalopathy. Chronic liver failure exposes the cerebral cortex to toxins that are not metabolized by the liver, such as ammonia, mercaptans, short-chain fatty acids, scatols, indols, and aromatic amino acids. These toxins cause reversible damage to the brain, which results in neurological disorders. In this report, the dog had no clinical neurological signs, and the diagnosis of this condition was observed histologically. Dogs with gallbladder agenesis usually have clinical and pathological findings of hepatobiliary lesions such as cholestasis, cholangiohepatitis, and, in severe cases, hepatic encephalopathy, which are necessary to differentiate from other diseases that affect the hepatobiliary system, such as cholelithiasis, neoplasms, and chronic hepatitis.

A agenesia de vesícula biliar é uma má formação congênita, considerada extremamente rara em cães. A doença pode cursar de forma assintomática ou com sinais clínicos, geralmente, inespecíficos que incluem vômitos, anorexia, diarreia, ascite e letargia. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos de um cão com encefalopatia hepá-tica secundária a agenesia da vesícula biliar, esta condição pode ser diagnosticada durante uma cirurgia ou exames de imagem, entretanto frequentemente é um achado incidental. Como resultados, nos exames bioquímicos observou-se a diminuição da alanina aminotransferase, aumento da fosfatase alcalina e hipoalbuminemia. Durante a necropsia foi observado hepatomegalia com ausência da vesícula biliar, congestão e edema cerebral, lipidúria e edema pulmonar. Microscopicamente, no fígado havia intensa fibrose e inflamação pela colangiohepatite crônica (cirrose hepática). A consequência desta lesão secundária a agenesia da vesícula biliar, foi a encefalopatia hepática. A insuficiência hepática crônica expõe o córtex cerebral às toxinas não metabo-lizadas pelo fígado, tais como a amônia, mercaptanos, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, escatóis, indóis e aminoácidos aromáti-cos. Essas toxinas causam danos reversíveis ao encéfalo, o que resulta em distúrbios neurológicos. No presente caso, o cão não apresentou sinais clínicos neurológicos e o diagnóstico desta condição foi observado histologicamente. Cães com agenesia de vesícula biliar, geralmente exibem achados clínicos e patológicos de lesões hepatobiliares, como colestase, conlangiohepatite e, em casos graves, encefalopatia hepática, sendo necessário diferenciar de outras doenças que acometem o sistema hepatobiliar, como colelitíase, neoplasias e hepatites crônicas.

Hepatic encephalopathy in adult dog secondary to cirrhosis due to congenital biliary agenesis: a case report / Encefalopatia hepática em cão adulto secundária a cirrose causada por agenesia biliar congênita: relato de caso

Gallbladder agenesis is a congenital malformation that is considered extremely rare in dogs. The disease can course asymptomatically or with clinical signs, usually non-specific and including vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, ascites, and lethargy. The objective of this report was to describe the clinical and anatomopathological aspects of a dog with hepatic encephalopathy secondary to gallbladder agenesis. This condition can be diagnosed during surgery or imaging examinations; however, it is often an incidental finding. In the biochemical examinations, a decrease in alanine aminotransferase and an increase in alkaline phosphatase and hypoalbuminemia were observed. During the necropsy, hepatomegaly was observed with absence of the gallbladder, congestion, cerebral edema, lipiduria, and pulmonary edema. Microscopically, there was intense fibrosis and inflammation in the liver due to chronic cholangiohepatitis (cirrhosis of the liver). The consequence of this lesion secondary to gallbladder agenesis was hepatic encephalopathy. Chronic liver failure exposes the cerebral cortex to toxins that are not metabolized by the liver, such as ammonia, mercaptans, short-chain fatty acids, scatols, indols, and aromatic amino acids. These toxins cause reversible damage to the brain, which results in neurological disorders. In this report, the dog had no clinical neurological signs, and the diagnosis of this condition was observed histologically. Dogs with gallbladder agenesis usually have clinical and pathological findings of hepatobiliary lesions such as cholestasis, cholangiohepatitis, and, in severe cases, hepatic encephalopathy, which are necessary to differentiate from other diseases that affect the hepatobiliary system, such as cholelithiasis, neoplasms, and chronic hepatitis.(AU)

A agenesia de vesícula biliar é uma má formação congênita, considerada extremamente rara em cães. A doença pode cursar de forma assintomática ou com sinais clínicos, geralmente, inespecíficos que incluem vômitos, anorexia, diarreia, ascite e letargia. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos de um cão com encefalopatia hepá-tica secundária a agenesia da vesícula biliar, esta condição pode ser diagnosticada durante uma cirurgia ou exames de imagem, entretanto frequentemente é um achado incidental. Como resultados, nos exames bioquímicos observou-se a diminuição da alanina aminotransferase, aumento da fosfatase alcalina e hipoalbuminemia. Durante a necropsia foi observado hepatomegalia com ausência da vesícula biliar, congestão e edema cerebral, lipidúria e edema pulmonar. Microscopicamente, no fígado havia intensa fibrose e inflamação pela colangiohepatite crônica (cirrose hepática). A consequência desta lesão secundária a agenesia da vesícula biliar, foi a encefalopatia hepática. A insuficiência hepática crônica expõe o córtex cerebral às toxinas não metabo-lizadas pelo fígado, tais como a amônia, mercaptanos, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, escatóis, indóis e aminoácidos aromáti-cos. Essas toxinas causam danos reversíveis ao encéfalo, o que resulta em distúrbios neurológicos. No presente caso, o cão não apresentou sinais clínicos neurológicos e o diagnóstico desta condição foi observado histologicamente. Cães com agenesia de vesícula biliar, geralmente exibem achados clínicos e patológicos de lesões hepatobiliares, como colestase, conlangiohepatite e, em casos graves, encefalopatia hepática, sendo necessário diferenciar de outras doenças que acometem o sistema hepatobiliar, como colelitíase, neoplasias e hepatites crônicas.(AU)

Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma associated with hypertrophic gastropathy resembling Ménétriers disease in an adult Labrador Retriever dog

We describe a case of hypertrophic gastropathy (Ménétriers like disease) with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in a seven-year-old intact female Labrador Retriever dog. The animal suddenly presented with emesis and died. Gross lesions included a marked diffuse thickening of the gastric mucosa and an ulcerated transmural neoplastic mass in the gastric body. Gastric body and fundus were affected by foveolar hyperplasia with loss of chief and parietal cells replaced by mucous cells and marked dilatation of gastric glands. An area of gastric adenocarcinoma with submucosal lymphatic vessels invasion was also present and metastases were observed in the gastric lymph nodes, small intestine, pancreas, lung and liver. Due to its similarity with other gastric proliferative disorders, including this condition in the list of differentials is a necessary step in the diagnostic investigation of canine gastropathies.(AU)

Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma associated with hypertrophic gastropathy resembling Ménétrier’s disease in an adult Labrador Retriever dog

We describe a case of hypertrophic gastropathy (Ménétrier’s like disease) with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in a seven-year-old intact female Labrador Retriever dog. The animal suddenly presented with emesis and died. Gross lesions included a marked diffuse thickening of the gastric mucosa and an ulcerated transmural neoplastic mass in the gastric body. Gastric body and fundus were affected by foveolar hyperplasia with loss of chief and parietal cells replaced by mucous cells and marked dilatation of gastric glands. An area of gastric adenocarcinoma with submucosal lymphatic vessels invasion was also present and metastases were observed in the gastric lymph nodes, small intestine, pancreas, lung and liver. Due to its similarity with other gastric proliferative disorders, including this condition in the list of differentials is a necessary step in the diagnostic investigation of canine gastropathies.

Systemic coccidioidomycosis in a dog in Northeastern Brazil / Coccidioidomicose sistêmica em um cão no Nordeste do Brasil

We described a case of systemic infection by Coccidioides sp. in a dog. An adult, mixed breed, free-ranging male dog presented with clinical signs that included apathy, cachexia, anorexia, limited mobility with sternal recumbency, bilateral mucopurulent ocular discharge, dyspnoea, pulmonary crepitation, erosive and nodular lesions on the skin, and swelling and stiffness of the left tibiotarsal joint. The dog was submitted to a postmortem examination. Grossly, there were multiple yellow to white nodules in various organs. Histologically, the lesions were characterized as pyogranulomatous inflammation associated with fungal spherules morphologically consistent with Coccidioides sp. The dog was concomitantly diagnosed with undifferentiated sarcoma affecting the skin, lymph nodes, liver, and testicles. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was made based on the histologic changes associated with morphotintorial features and positive immunolabeling of organisms with anti-Coccidioides immunohistochemistry. This case demonstrated that Coccidioides sp. can infect dogs that inhabit urban centers in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, likely due to exposure to dust from contaminated environments.

Descreve-se um caso de infecção sistêmica por Coccidioides em um cão. Um cão adulto, sem raça definida e errante, atendido com sinais clínicos que incluíram apatia, caquexia, anorexia, dificuldade de locomoção com decúbito esternal, secreção ocular bilateral mucopurulenta, dispneia, crepitação pulmonar, lesões erosivas e nodulares na pele, aumento de volume e rigidez na articulação tibiotársica do membro pélvico esquerdo. O cão foi submetido a um exame post-mortem. Macroscopicamente, haviam múltiplos nódulos amarelo-brancacentos em vários órgãos. Histologicamente, as lesões foram caracterizadas por inflamação piogranulomatosa associada a esférulas fúngicas morfologicamente consistentes com Coccidioides sp. O cão foi diagnosticado concomitantemente com sarcoma indiferenciado afetando a pele, linfonodos, fígado e testículos. O diagnóstico de coccidioidomicose foi realizado com base nas alterações histológicas associadas as características morfotintoriais e imunomarcação positiva dos organismos com anti-Coccidioides na imuno-histoquímica. Esse caso demonstra que Coccidioides sp. pode infectar cães que habitam centros urbanos no semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil, provavelmente devido à exposição a poeira de ambientes contaminados.

Systemic coccidioidomycosis in a dog in Northeastern Brazil / Coccidioidomicose sistêmica em um cão no Nordeste do Brasil

We described a case of systemic infection by Coccidioides sp. in a dog. An adult, mixed breed, free-ranging male dog presented with clinical signs that included apathy, cachexia, anorexia, limited mobility with sternal recumbency, bilateral mucopurulent ocular discharge, dyspnoea, pulmonary crepitation, erosive and nodular lesions on the skin, and swelling and stiffness of the left tibiotarsal joint. The dog was submitted to a postmortem examination. Grossly, there were multiple yellow to white nodules in various organs. Histologically, the lesions were characterized as pyogranulomatous inflammation associated with fungal spherules morphologically consistent with Coccidioides sp. The dog was concomitantly diagnosed with undifferentiated sarcoma affecting the skin, lymph nodes, liver, and testicles. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was made based on the histologic changes associated with morphotintorial features and positive immunolabeling of organisms with anti-Coccidioides immunohistochemistry. This case demonstrated that Coccidioides sp. can infect dogs that inhabit urban centers in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, likely due to exposure to dust from contaminated environments.(AU)

Descreve-se um caso de infecção sistêmica por Coccidioides em um cão. Um cão adulto, sem raça definida e errante, atendido com sinais clínicos que incluíram apatia, caquexia, anorexia, dificuldade de locomoção com decúbito esternal, secreção ocular bilateral mucopurulenta, dispneia, crepitação pulmonar, lesões erosivas e nodulares na pele, aumento de volume e rigidez na articulação tibiotársica do membro pélvico esquerdo. O cão foi submetido a um exame post-mortem. Macroscopicamente, haviam múltiplos nódulos amarelo-brancacentos em vários órgãos. Histologicamente, as lesões foram caracterizadas por inflamação piogranulomatosa associada a esférulas fúngicas morfologicamente consistentes com Coccidioides sp. O cão foi diagnosticado concomitantemente com sarcoma indiferenciado afetando a pele, linfonodos, fígado e testículos. O diagnóstico de coccidioidomicose foi realizado com base nas alterações histológicas associadas as características morfotintoriais e imunomarcação positiva dos organismos com anti-Coccidioides na imuno-histoquímica. Esse caso demonstra que Coccidioides sp. pode infectar cães que habitam centros urbanos no semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil, provavelmente devido à exposição a poeira de ambientes contaminados.(AU)

Intra-abdominal hypertension secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog / Hipertensão intra-abdominal secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em um cão

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.

A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.

Intra-abdominal hypertension secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog / Hipertensão intra-abdominal secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em um cão

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.(AU)

A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.(AU)

Metástase hepática de tumor gastrointestinal estromal (gist) em cão: relato de caso / Hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist) in dog: case report

Os tumores mesenquimais originados a partir de células intersticiais de Cajal, denominados tumores gastrointestinais estromais (GIST) são raros em humanos e com incidência ainda desconhecida em cães. A diferenciação de GIST, leiomiossarcoma e leiomioma com base apenas em exames de imagem, morfológicos e colorações simples por meio da histologia é muitas vezes difícil, sendo indicada realização de imuno-histoquímica. Foi atendida uma cadela, sem padrão racial definido, oito anos, 17kg de peso corporal, com discreto aumento de volume abdominal, sendo evidenciada por ultrassom abdominal neoformação intra-abdominal em região mesogástrica, sem demais alterações clínicas. Durante celiotomia exploratória, identificou-se que a neoformação intestinal localizava-se em jejuno, optando pela realização de enterectomia, sendo posteriormente diagnosticada como leiomiossarcoma pela análise histopatológica. Preconizou-se a instituição de quimioterapia adjuvante com o uso de doxorrubicina (30 mg/m²), a cada 21 dias, totalizando seis sessões. Após dez meses do tratamento cirúrgico, a paciente foi submetida a novo estadiamento clínico, sendo visibilizado, mediante ultrassom abdominal neoformações sólidas em fígado. A partir de biópsia hepática guiada por ultrassom com agulha “tru-cut” e análise histológica e imuno-histoquímica, definiu-se que as neoformações hepáticas eram metástases de GIST, instituindo o tratamento com fosfato de toceranib (Palladia®). Desde o momento da enterectomia ao óbito da paciente, contabilizou-se 20,4 meses de sobrevida global.

Mesenchymal tumors originating from interstitial cells of Cajal, called stromal gastrointestinal tumors (GIST) are rare in humans and their incidence is still unknown in dogs. The differentiation of GIST, leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma based only on imaging, morphological and simple staining through histology is often difficult, and immunohistochemistry is indicated. A female dog, mixed breed, eight years old, 17kg of body weight, with a slight increase in abdominal volume, and ultrasound evidence of an intra-abdominal neoformation in the mesogastric region, without other clinical changes was seen. During exploratory celiotomy, it was identified that the intestinal neoformation in jejunum, opting for enterectomy, being identified as leiomyosarcoma according to histopathological analysis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was instituted using doxorubicin (30mg / m²) every 21 days, totaling six sessions. The patient underwent a new clinical staging, 10 months after enterectomy, where were visualized, by abdominal ultrasound, neoformations in the liver. Based on ultrasound guided liver biopsy with “tru-cut” needle and histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the neoformation was defined as GIST liver metastasis, being instituted treatment with toceranib phosphate (Palladia®). From the time of enterectomy to the death of the patient, 20,4 months of overall survival were counted.

Metástase hepática de tumor gastrointestinal estromal (gist) em cão: relato de caso / Hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist) in dog: case report

Os tumores mesenquimais originados a partir de células intersticiais de Cajal, denominados tumores gastrointestinais estromais (GIST) são raros em humanos e com incidência ainda desconhecida em cães. A diferenciação de GIST, leiomiossarcoma e leiomioma com base apenas em exames de imagem, morfológicos e colorações simples por meio da histologia é muitas vezes difícil, sendo indicada realização de imuno-histoquímica. Foi atendida uma cadela, sem padrão racial definido, oito anos, 17kg de peso corporal, com discreto aumento de volume abdominal, sendo evidenciada por ultrassom abdominal neoformação intra-abdominal em região mesogástrica, sem demais alterações clínicas. Durante celiotomia exploratória, identificou-se que a neoformação intestinal localizava-se em jejuno, optando pela realização de enterectomia, sendo posteriormente diagnosticada como leiomiossarcoma pela análise histopatológica. Preconizou-se a instituição de quimioterapia adjuvante com o uso de doxorrubicina (30 mg/m²), a cada 21 dias, totalizando seis sessões. Após dez meses do tratamento cirúrgico, a paciente foi submetida a novo estadiamento clínico, sendo visibilizado, mediante ultrassom abdominal neoformações sólidas em fígado. A partir de biópsia hepática guiada por ultrassom com agulha “tru-cut” e análise histológica e imuno-histoquímica, definiu-se que as neoformações hepáticas eram metástases de GIST, instituindo o tratamento com fosfato de toceranib (Palladia®). Desde o momento da enterectomia ao óbito da paciente, contabilizou-se 20,4 meses de sobrevida global.(AU)

Mesenchymal tumors originating from interstitial cells of Cajal, called stromal gastrointestinal tumors (GIST) are rare in humans and their incidence is still unknown in dogs. The differentiation of GIST, leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma based only on imaging, morphological and simple staining through histology is often difficult, and immunohistochemistry is indicated. A female dog, mixed breed, eight years old, 17kg of body weight, with a slight increase in abdominal volume, and ultrasound evidence of an intra-abdominal neoformation in the mesogastric region, without other clinical changes was seen. During exploratory celiotomy, it was identified that the intestinal neoformation in jejunum, opting for enterectomy, being identified as leiomyosarcoma according to histopathological analysis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was instituted using doxorubicin (30mg / m²) every 21 days, totaling six sessions. The patient underwent a new clinical staging, 10 months after enterectomy, where were visualized, by abdominal ultrasound, neoformations in the liver. Based on ultrasound guided liver biopsy with “tru-cut” needle and histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the neoformation was defined as GIST liver metastasis, being instituted treatment with toceranib phosphate (Palladia®). From the time of enterectomy to the death of the patient, 20,4 months of overall survival were counted.(AU)

Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) cultivated in Brazil on acute liver disease in dogs / [Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) cultivada no Brasil na doença hepática aguda em cães]

Bidens pilosa L. is a medicinal plant popularly used for treatment of liver diseases. In this study, the dry extract of aerial parts of Bidens pilosa and Silymarin, a phytocomplex obtained from the Silybum marianum fruits and marketed as hepatoprotective, were tested in dogs experimentally acutely intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride. The liver activity was evaluated by hematological and biochemical profiles, and histological and ultrasound analyzes. It was observed that the lowest serum activities of ALT and serum concentrations of total bilirubin occurred in the groups treated with the dry extract of Bidens pilosa, while only decreased serum concentrations of total bilirubin occurred in the group treated with Silymarin. Best liver recovery was also observed for the dry extract of B. pilosa at a 400mg/Kg dose by ultrasonography. This study showed that the dry extract of Bidens pilosa acted more efficiently in the treatment of acute toxic hepatitis induced in dogs than Silymarin.(AU)

Bidens pilosa L. é uma planta medicinal utilizada popularmente para tratamento de doenças hepáticas. Neste trabalho, o extrato seco das partes aéreas da Bidens pilosa e a silimarina, um fitocomplexo obtido dos frutos da Silybum marianum e comercializado como hepatoprotetor, foram testados em cães intoxicados experimentalmente de forma aguda com tetracloreto de carbono. A atividade hepática foi avaliada por meio dos perfis hematológico e bioquímico, análises histológica e ultrassonográfica. Observou-se que, nos grupos tratados com o extrato seco da Bidens pilosa, ocorreram as menores atividades séricas da ALT e de concentrações séricas de bilirrubina total, enquanto no grupo tratado com silimarina, ocorreu apenas diminuição de concentrações séricas de bilirrubina total. Melhor recuperação hepática também foi verificada para o extrato seco de B. pilosa na dose de 400mg/kg por ultrassonografia. Este estudo evidenciou que o extrato seco da Bidens pilosa atuou de forma mais eficiente no tratamento da hepatite aguda tóxica induzida em cães do que a silimarina.(AU)