Ovário policístico em cadela / Policy ovarium in bitch

Os cistos ovarianos são frequentemente diagnosticados em cadelas, eles são classicamente definidos como estruturas repletas de líquido que se desenvolvem no interior dos ovários. Podem ser encontrados de forma única ou múltiplas unilaterais ou bilaterais. Quando os cistos são múltiplos, são nomeados de ovário policístico. Relata-se o caso de uma cadela, fêmea, da raça poodle com queixa de cio persistente a mais de 30 e sangramento persistente. Foi solicitada ultrassonografia no qual foram visualizados no ovário esquerdo vários cistos condizentes com o diagnóstico de ovário policístico. O protocolo instituído para esse animal foi o da ovário-histerectomia total.(AU)

Ovarian cysts are often diagnosed in female dogs, they are classically defined as fluid-filled structures that develop inside the ovaries. They can be found single or multiple unilaterally or bilaterally. When cysts are multiple, they are named polycystic ovary. We report the case of a female poodle dog with persistent heat stress over 30 years old and persistent bleeding. Ultrasound was requested in which several cysts consistent with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary were visualized in the left ovary. The protocol instituted for this animal was total ovarian hysterectomy.(AU)

Ovário policístico em cadela / Policy ovarium in bitch

Os cistos ovarianos são frequentemente diagnosticados em cadelas, eles são classicamente definidos como estruturas repletas de líquido que se desenvolvem no interior dos ovários. Podem ser encontrados de forma única ou múltiplas unilaterais ou bilaterais. Quando os cistos são múltiplos, são nomeados de ovário policístico. Relata-se o caso de uma cadela, fêmea, da raça poodle com queixa de cio persistente a mais de 30 e sangramento persistente. Foi solicitada ultrassonografia no qual foram visualizados no ovário esquerdo vários cistos condizentes com o diagnóstico de ovário policístico. O protocolo instituído para esse animal foi o da ovário-histerectomia total.

Ovarian cysts are often diagnosed in female dogs, they are classically defined as fluid-filled structures that develop inside the ovaries. They can be found single or multiple unilaterally or bilaterally. When cysts are multiple, they are named polycystic ovary. We report the case of a female poodle dog with persistent heat stress over 30 years old and persistent bleeding. Ultrasound was requested in which several cysts consistent with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary were visualized in the left ovary. The protocol instituted for this animal was total ovarian hysterectomy.

Granulosa cell tumor associated with occult hyperadrenocorticism in a yorkshire terrier bitch

Background: Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC), is considered a set of symptoms due to excessive exposure to cortisol. Naturally occurring HAC is most often related to pituitary tumors (pituitary-dependent HAC - PDH). Occult HAC, is referred as a clinical picture highly consistent with HAC; however, routine screening tests are negative. In addition, one or more steroids are elevated following administration of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Ovarian granulosa cell tumors, can produce steroids leading to paraneoplastic syndromes. The objective of this study was to report an unpublished case of ovarian granulosa cell tumor associated with occult hyperadrenocorticism in a Yorkshire Terrier.Case: A 13-year-old intact female dog, Yorkshire Terrier, was brought for consultation with slight weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, irregular estrous cycles, increased abdominal volume and thin coat. On physical examination the animal was gasping and presented severe periodontal disease, bulging abdomen, alopecia and skin hyperpigmentation. Complete blood count presented no changes; however, serum biochemistry evaluation highlighted hyperalbuminemia, hypertriglyceridemia, alkaline phosphatase increased activity, and urinary specific gravity and creatinine below reference values. On abdominal ultrasonography left adrenal gland measured 2.08 cm x 1.08 cm and the right adrenal gland measured 2.11 cm x 0.84 cm, indicating bilateral adrenomegaly compatible with PDH. In the hypogastric abdomen, a large heterogeneous hypoechogenic mass was also observed, with areas of cystic cavities, measuring 5.80 cm x 7.30 cm. A low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) was performed, due to PDH suspicion. The test did not confirm HAC, suspecting, then, to be a case of occult/atypical HAC. Due to the strong clinical suspicion, and owner financial problems for further investigated occult HAC, trilostane treatment was initiated.[...](AU)

Granulosa cell tumor associated with occult hyperadrenocorticism in a yorkshire terrier bitch

Background: Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC), is considered a set of symptoms due to excessive exposure to cortisol. Naturally occurring HAC is most often related to pituitary tumors (pituitary-dependent HAC - PDH). Occult HAC, is referred as a clinical picture highly consistent with HAC; however, routine screening tests are negative. In addition, one or more steroids are elevated following administration of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Ovarian granulosa cell tumors, can produce steroids leading to paraneoplastic syndromes. The objective of this study was to report an unpublished case of ovarian granulosa cell tumor associated with occult hyperadrenocorticism in a Yorkshire Terrier.Case: A 13-year-old intact female dog, Yorkshire Terrier, was brought for consultation with slight weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, irregular estrous cycles, increased abdominal volume and thin coat. On physical examination the animal was gasping and presented severe periodontal disease, bulging abdomen, alopecia and skin hyperpigmentation. Complete blood count presented no changes; however, serum biochemistry evaluation highlighted hyperalbuminemia, hypertriglyceridemia, alkaline phosphatase increased activity, and urinary specific gravity and creatinine below reference values. On abdominal ultrasonography left adrenal gland measured 2.08 cm x 1.08 cm and the right adrenal gland measured 2.11 cm x 0.84 cm, indicating bilateral adrenomegaly compatible with PDH. In the hypogastric abdomen, a large heterogeneous hypoechogenic mass was also observed, with areas of cystic cavities, measuring 5.80 cm x 7.30 cm. A low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) was performed, due to PDH suspicion. The test did not confirm HAC, suspecting, then, to be a case of occult/atypical HAC. Due to the strong clinical suspicion, and owner financial problems for further investigated occult HAC, trilostane treatment was initiated.[...]

Biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in the forced molt laying hens

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of forced molting using biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in laying hens. 36 Hyline W36 strain laying hens, 90 weeks old were chosen for this research. Eight of these chickens were randomly selected and placed in a cage as the control group before the molting program began. All the others 28 chickens were used for the forced molting program. Eight laying hens were slaughtered at the end of the molting program named as molting group. The remaining 20 hens were fed for 37 days, weighted and slaughtered when they reached the maximum egg production (80%) as postmolting group. Then, blood was analyzed for malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, albumin, globulin, total protein, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and Vitamin C. The malondialdehyde and glutathione levels of the thyroid and liver tissues were also analyzed along with an examination of the histopathological changes of the liver, ovarium and thyroid glands; and live body, liver, ovarium, thyroid weights and thyroid lengths. In conclusion, it was found that forced molting produces stress and notable side effects in hens, like the oxidant and antioxidant status of the organs, tissue weights and sizes, hormon profiles, blood biochemical and histopathological parameter changes. The activities of thyroid malondialdehyde (p 0.05), liver glutathione (p 0.01), plasma catalase (p 0.001) were significantly decreased in molting group compared to control values, while liver malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased (p 0.001) and thyroid glutathione levels had nonsignificant effect. These levels in molting hens were the first study for veterinary science.

Biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in the forced molt laying hens

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of forced molting using biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in laying hens. 36 Hyline W36 strain laying hens, 90 weeks old were chosen for this research. Eight of these chickens were randomly selected and placed in a cage as the control group before the molting program began. All the others 28 chickens were used for the forced molting program. Eight laying hens were slaughtered at the end of the molting program named as molting group. The remaining 20 hens were fed for 37 days, weighted and slaughtered when they reached the maximum egg production (80%) as postmolting group. Then, blood was analyzed for malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, albumin, globulin, total protein, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and Vitamin C. The malondialdehyde and glutathione levels of the thyroid and liver tissues were also analyzed along with an examination of the histopathological changes of the liver, ovarium and thyroid glands; and live body, liver, ovarium, thyroid weights and thyroid lengths. In conclusion, it was found that forced molting produces stress and notable side effects in hens, like the oxidant and antioxidant status of the organs, tissue weights and sizes, hormon profiles, blood biochemical and histopathological parameter changes. The activities of thyroid malondialdehyde (p 0.05), liver glutathione (p 0.01), plasma catalase (p 0.001) were significantly decreased in molting group compared to control values, while liver malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased (p 0.001) and thyroid glutathione levels had nonsignificant effect. These levels in molting hens were the first study for veterinary science.(AU)

Effects of supplement crude protein level on performance and reproduction of replacement heifers managed in intensive grazing systems

Avaliações sobre a interação entre nutrição e reprodução de novilhas leiteiras em pastejo são escassas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, o desenvolvimento muscular e da glândula mamária, a qualidade oocitária e a produção in vitro de embriões de novilhas cruzadas em sistema de pastejo intensamente manejado e suplementadas com concentrado de alto e baixo teor proteico. Dezoito novilhas cruzadas (Holândes × Gir) púberes com peso inicial de 350 ± 8,0 kg foram utilizadas no período experimental, com duração de 90 dias. Dois tipos de suplemento (12 e 24% de proteína bruta, S12CP e S24CP) e o tratamento controle (mistura mineral, CON) foram aleatoriamente distribuídos às novilhas. Ao longo do experimento quatro ensaios de digestibilidade foram realizados, durante quatro dias consecutivos. Quatro seções de aspiração folicular foram realizadas para avaliação da qualidade oocitária e da produção in vitro de embriões. Por último, avaliações ultrassonográficas da carcaça e da glândula mamária foram realizadas. O consumo de matéria seca, energia digestível e proteína bruta foram maiores para as novilhas suplementadas (SUP) comparado com as novilhas CON. As novilhas SUP obtiveram melhor ganho médio diário (645 versus 390 g/d) e maior área de olho de lombo (58,78 versus 53,32 cm²) do que as novilhas CON. A taxa de recuperação e qualidade oocitária e as características foliculares não foram afetadas pela estratégia de suplementação. Entretanto, a taxa de clivagem (47,17 versus 30,31%) e taxa de blastocistos (27,91 versus 10,12%) foram negativamente afetadas pela suplementação. O tratamento S12CP apresentou a taxa de blastocistos inferior ao tratamento S24CP (3,02 versus 17,23%). A ultrassonografia da carcaça indicou uma tendência de maior área de olho de lombo para o tratamento S24CP e a ultrassonografia da glândula mamária não indicou efeitos da suplementação no desenvolvimento da glândula mamária. Em resumo, a suplementação com concentrado contendo 24% PB demostra ser uma estratégia apropriada para uma performance satisfatória durante a estação chuvosa em clima tropical, com maior deposição muscular e sem impactos negativos ao desenvolvimento da glândula mamária. Por outro lado, a produção in vitro de embriões foi prejudicada.

Evaluations of the interaction between nutrition and reproduction of grazing dairy heifers are scarce. Thus, we aimed to evaluate performance, muscle and mammary gland development, oocyte quality, and in vitro production of embryos of crossbred heifers grazing an intensively managed pasture and supplemented with high or low protein concentrates. Eighteen pubertal crossbred heifers (Holstein x Gyr) with an initial weight of 350 ± 8.0 kg were used in a 90-day trial. Two supplement types, 12% crude protein (S12CP) or 24% CP (S24CP), and a control treatment (mineral mixture, CON) were randomly distributed to the heifers. Throughout the experiment, four digestibility trials were performed over four consecutive days. Four ovarium pick-ups were performed to evaluate oocyte quality and in vitro embryo production. Lastly, ultrasounds of carcasses and mammary glands were performed. The intakes of dry matter, digestible energy, and CP were greater for supplemented (SUP) compared with CON heifers. The SUP heifers had a greater average daily gain (645 versus 390 g/d) and rib eye area (58.78 versus 53.32 cm2) than the CON heifers. Oocyte recovery, quality, and follicle features were not affected by supplementation strategy. However, the cleavage rate (47.17% versus 30.31%) and blastocyst rate (27.91% versus 10.12%) were negatively affected by supplementation. The S12CP presented a blastocyst rate much lower than the S24CP (3.02% versus 17.23 %). Carcass ultrasonography indicated a trend for greater rib eye area for S24CP and mammary ultrasonography indicated no effects of supplementation on mammary gland development. In summary, supplementation with concentrate containing 24% CP seems to be an appropriate strategy for satisfactory performance, with greater muscle deposition and no negative impacts on mammary gland development. However, in vitro embryo production was impaired.

N-acetylcysteine improves morphologic and functional aspects of ovarian grafts in rats

To evaluate morphological and functional aspects of the ovarian graft in transplanted rats treated with NAC. Female Wistar rats, virgin, 3 to 4 months old, weighing 200-250 grams were used in experiments. The rats have been kept in proper sanitary conditions, receiving food and water ad libitum. Five groups (n=10, each) were constituted: 4 groups treated subcutaneously with NAC, at doses of 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg (NAC150, NAC300, NAC600 and NAC1200, respectively), one hour of before the ovarian transplantation and control group (GTx) - treated with physiological solution and submitted to ovarian transplantation. The rats were anesthetized and submitted to autologous left ovarian transplantation, without anastomosis in retroperitoneum, and contralateral oophorectomy. During follow-up of 4 or 15 days, the estrous cycle was evaluated by vaginal smears to determine cycle regularity. At the end of 4th or 15th days, rats were re-anesthetized and blood and graft were obtained to estradiol analysis and morphological assessment. Data were analysed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) or ANOVA on ranks complemented by Student-Newman-Keuls test. RESULTS: At 4th day, viable follicles in the graft did not altered by NAC treatments. The NAC300 and NAC600 groups showed increasing in follicle atresia (p=0.012) compared to GTx and NAC1200 group. At 15th day, 50% of GTx, NAC150, and NAC300 rats showed regular oestrous cycle; 83% of NAC600 and 100% of NAC1200 rats returned to regular cycle. NAC1200 group showed increasing in primordial follicle compared to GTx, NAC150 or NAC300 (p=0.011). NAC did not interfere in estradiol levels after 4 or 15 days of transplantation. In autologous ovarian transplantation, high dose of NAC promotes graft viability with recovery of estrous cycle.(AU)

Dinâmica ovariana e concentração de progesterona de vacas Nelore submetidas a IATF / Ovarian dynamics and progesterone concentration in nellore cows artificially inseminated in fixed time

Objetivando-se subsidiar pesquisas envolvendo sincronização de estros e ovulação em bovinos, pretende-se com este estudo, avaliar a dinâmica folicular e a concentração de progesterona em vacas Nelore submetidas a um protocolo de sincronização e IATF. Para tanto, sete vacas adultas foram submetidas à IATF, seguindo o protocolo: implante intravaginal de progesterona no dia zero (D0) e aplicação de benzoato de estradiol; D7 retirada do implante e aplicação de PGF2alfa; D8 administração de hCG, e D9 IATF. Da retirada do implante até a IATF, as vacas foram submetidas, duas vezes ao dia (manhã e tarde) à ultrassonografia transretal, para avaliação do número e diâmetro folicular em cada ovário. O sangue foi coletado para dosagem de progesterona nos dias: implante, retirada, dois, 10, 15, 18 e 23 dias após a retirada do implante. O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado 60 dias da IATF por palpação transretal. Após análise de variância, o número e diâmetro folicular entre os ovários direito (OD) e esquerdo (OE) foi comparado pelo Teste F, e a concentração de progesterona pelo SNK (5% de significância). A dinâmica de crescimento folicular durante o período estudado foi semelhante entre os ovários (p>0,05). Observaram-se queda no número médio de folículos na manhã do dia da retirada do implante até a tarde da IATF (5,50 + 2,99 e 4,36 + 2,00 folículos, respectivamente) (p<0,05). O diâmetro médio do maior folículo foi superior no OE que no OD (7,35 + 6,34 mm e 5,49 + 4,59, respectivamente) (p<0,05), embora o OE tenha apresentado diâmetro médio diário semelhante ao observado no OD. No entanto, no dia da IATF à tarde o diâmetro folicular médio diminuiu (3,32 + 3,39 mm) (p<0,05). Já a concentração média de progesterona foi semelhante (p>0,05). Concluí-se que vacas Nelore submetidas a sincronização de estro utilizada nesse estudo apresentaram maior folículo no OE, cujo diâmetro diminuiu no momento da IATF.()AU)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the follicular dynamics and progesterone concentration of Nellore cows artificially inseminated in fixed time. Seven Nellore cows were submitted to FTAI on the following protocol: animals received an intravaginal progesterone device on day zero (D0) and injection of estradiol. After 7 days (D7), the device was removed and PGF2alpha administered. On the eighth day (D8) of hCG were administered, and, on the ninth Day (D9), the FTAI. The animals had their blood collected for the dosage of serum progesterone by the solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique, which was conducted on the days of the insertion, on the removal, on days 2, 10, 15, 18, and 23 after the insertion removal. The same animals were submitted, twice a day (morning and afternoon), to transrectal ultrasonography for the assessment of the moment of the removal of the device until the FTAI, the amount of follicles in each ovarium (right and left) and the diameter of the longest follicle in each of them. The diagnosis of gestation through transrectal palpation was carried out 60 days later. The progesterone concentration was submitted to analysis of variance (AV) and compared throughout the days with Student Newman Keuls test (SNK). The amount of follicles and the diameter of the longest follicle were also submitted to AV, but compared to with the F test. They all considered a 5% significance. The dynamics of follicular growth during the studied period was similar between the ovaries (p>0.05). Decrease of the average amount of follicles in the morning of the day of the device removal until the afternoon of the day of FTAI, from 5.50 + 2.99 to 4.36 + 2.00 follicles, respectively (p<0.05), were noticed. The average diameter of the longest follicle was higher for the left ovarium, 7.35 + 6.34 mm and 5.49 + 4.59, respectively (p<0.05), even though the left ovarium presented daily average diameter similar to that noticed for the right ovarium follicles.(AU)

Con el objetivo de subsidiar investigaciones involucrando sincronización de estros y ovulación en bovinos, se buscó con este estudio, evaluar la dinámica ovárica y concentración de progesterona en vacas Nelore sometidas a un protocolo de sincronización e IATF. Para esto, siete vacas adultas fueron sometidas a IATF, siguiendo el protocolo: implante intravaginal de progesterona en el día cero (D0) y aplicación de benzoato de estradiol; D7 remoción del implante y aplicación de PGF2alfa; D8 administración de hCG, y D9 IATF. De la remoción del implante hasta IATF, las vacas fueron sometidas, dos veces al día (mañana y tarde) a ecografía transrectal, para evaluación del número y diámetro folicular en cada ovario. La sangre fue recogida para dosificación de progesterona en los días: implante, remoción, 2, 10, 15, 18 y 23 días tras la remoción del implante. El diagnóstico de preñez se realizó 60 días de IATF por palpación transrectal. Tras análisis de variación, el número y diámetro folicular entre los ovarios derecho (OD) e izquierdo (OE) se comparó por Test F, y la concentración de progesterona por SNK (5% de significación). La dinámica de crecimiento folicular durante el período estudiado fue semejante entre los ovarios (p> 0.05). Se observaron caída en el número medio de folículos en la mañana de la remoción del implante, hasta la tarde de IATF (5.50 + 2.99 y 4.36 + 2.00 folículos) respectivamente (p< 0.05). El diámetro medio del mayor folículo fue superior en el OE que en el OD (7.35 + 6.34 mm y 5.49 + 4.59, respectivamente) (p< 0.05), aunque el OE haya presentado diámetro medio diario semejante al observado en el OD.(AU)

Dinâmica ovariana, concentração de progesterona e taxa de gestação em vacas Nelore inseminadas artificialmente em tempo fixo sob diferentes metodologias / The follicular dynamics, progesterone concentration and gestation rate of Nellore cows / artificially inseminated in fixed time under different methodologies / Dinámica ovárica, concentración de progesterona e índice de preñez en vacas de la raza Nelore inseminadas artificialmente en tiempo fijo bajo diferentes metodologías

Con la intención de maximizar la eficiencia de rebaños bovinos, la utilización de sincronización de estros y ovulación, asociados a la IATF, ha sido divulgada y estudiada por las ventajas que ofrece. Estudios involucrando IATF son muchos, con protocolos y resultados variables. Sin embargo, se busca la precisión del momento de la ovulación, la concentración ideal de espermatozoides en dosis de semen y la reducción en preparaciones hormonales y costos, viabilizando la utilización rutinera con mejores resultados y accesibilidad económica. Este estudio pretende evaluar la dinámica folicular, la concentración de progesterona e índice de preñez en ganado lechero de la raza Nelore inseminadas artificialmente, en tiempo fijo, bajo diferentes metodologías. Para tanto, 86 vacas de la raza Nelore, de diferentes categorías, mantenidas bajo pastaje, suplementadas con sal, proteínas y agua ad limitum, fueron sometidas a la IATF, siguiendo el protocolo: implante intravaginal de progesterona (CIDR®) en el día cero (DO) y aplicación de estradiol. Tras siete días (D7) el implante fue retirado y se aplicó PGF2alfa (Veteglan®). En el octavo día (D8) se inyectó 1000UI de hCG (Vetecor®) y, en el noveno día (D9) la IATF, cuando las hembras fueron divididas al alzar, en tres grupos experimentales. De los animales sometidos al experimento, al alzar se eligió siete animales, para recolección de sangre para dosificar progesterona sérica, por la técnica de radioinmunoensayo de fase sólida, que fue realizada en los días del implante. Esos mismos animales fueron sometidos, dos veces al día (mañana y tarde), a la ultrasonografía transrectal, para evaluación del momento de la retirada del implante de progesterona hasta la IATF, del número de folículos en cada ovario (derecho e izquierdo) y del diámetro del mayor folículo presente en cada uno de ellos.(AU)

In an attempt to maximize the efficiency of cattle, the use of synchronization of estrus and ovulation associated to FTAI has been published and studied as a result of the advantages it provides. There are a number of current studies related to FTAI - with varied results and protocols. However, the accuracy of the moment of ovulation, the ideal concentration of spermatozoids within the dose of semen, the reduction of hormone preparations, and costs, thus making practical the routine use with better results and economical accessibility, have been researched. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the follicular dynamics, progesterone concentration and gestation rate of Nellore cows artificially inseminated in fixed time under different methodologies. Eight-six Nellore cows, from different categories, kept grazing, supplemented with protein salt and water ad libitum, were submitted to FTAI on the following protocol: animals received an intravaginal progesterone device (CIDR®) on day zero (D0) and injection of estradiol. After 7 days (D7), the device was removed and PGF2alpha (Veteglan®) administered. On the eighth day (D8), 1000UI of hCG (Vetecor®) were administered, and, on the ninth Day (D9), the IATF - when the animals were randomly assigned into three experimental groups. Seven animals were chosen from the experimental animals and had their blood collected for the dosage of serum progesterone by the solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique, which was conducted on the days of the insertion, on the removal, on days 2, 10, 15, 18, and 23 after the insertion removal. The same animals were submitted, twice a day (morning and afternoon), to transrectal ultrasonography for the assessment of the moment of the removal of the device until the FTAI, the amount of follicles in each ovarium (right and left) and the diameter of the longest follicle in each of them.(AU)

Na tentativa de maximizar a eficiência de rebanhos bovinos, a utilização da sincronização de estros e ovulação, associados à IATF, tem sido divulgada e estudada pelas vantagens que oferece. Estudos envolvendo IATF são muitos, atuais, com protocolos e resultados variáveis. No entanto, continua-se pesquisando a precisão do momento da ovulação, a concentração ideal de espermatozóides na dose de sêmen e a redução nas preparações hormonais e custos, viabilizando a utilização rotineira com melhores resultados, e acessibilidade econômica. Pretende-se, com este estudo, avaliar a dinâmica folicular, a concentração de progesterona e a taxa de gestação de vacas Nelore inseminadas artificialmente, em tempo fixo, sob diferentes metodologias. Para tanto, 86 vacas da raça Nelore, de diferentes categorias, mantidas sob pastejo, suplementadas com sal proteinado e água ad libitum, foram submetidas à IATF, seguindo o seguinte protocolo: implante intravaginal de progesterona (CIDR®) no dia zero (D0) e aplicação de estradiol. Após sete dias (D7) o implante foi retirado e aplicou-se PGF2alfa (Veteglan®). No oitavo dia (D8) administrou-se 1000UI de hCG (Vetecor®) e, no nono dia (D9), a IATF, quando as fêmeas foram divididas aleatoriamente, em três grupos experimentais. Dos animais experimentais, escolheram-se aleatoriamente sete animais, para coleta de sangue para dosagem de progesterona sérica, pela técnica de radioimunoensaio de fase sólida, que foi realizada nos dias do implante, na retirada, aos 2, 10, 15, 18 e 23 dias após a retirada do implante. Esses mesmos animais foram submetidos, duas vezes ao dia (manhã e tarde), à ultrassonografia transretal, para avaliação do momento da retirada do implante de progesterona até a IATF, do número de folículos em cada ovário (direito e esquerdo) e do diâmetro do maior folículo presente em cada um deles.(AU)

Gonadotrophin in the induction of estrus in bitches / Gonadotrofinas na indução do estro em cadelas

The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of gonadotrophins to induce estrus in bitches, which was monitored using vaginal cytology, serum progesterone and ovarium morphology. Nine bitches of different breeds ageing one to four years were used. The protocol of estrus induction consisted of daily administration of eCG (equine chorionic gonadotrophin) at dose of 30 UI/kg, once daily, for nine days, followed by a single administration of hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) at dose of 500 UI/animal on the tenth day. Vaginal cytology was done every two days. On the 12nd day after the beginning of this protocol, ovariohysterectomy was performed to collect the ovaries; serum was collected for progesterone concentration. Every animal showed cytological alterations by the progression from proestrus to estrus. Progesterone concentrations revealed values above the expected which may demonstrate exacerbate pre-ovulatory luteinization. Ovaries presented high rates of growing follicles as well as ruptured, demonstrating the effectiveness of the protocol in promoting the ovulation. The follicular fluid was viscous and adhered to the oocytes. In conclusion, the employed protocol seems to be effective in the induction of the estrus in bitches.

O estudo foi realizado no Setor de Obstetrícia Veterinária, da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Unesp ( Campus de Jaboticabal) com o objetivo de analisar a eficiência de gonadotrofinas na indução do estro em cadelas, por meio da avaliação da citologia vaginal, dosagem sérica de progesterona e morfologia ovariana. Foram utilizadas nove fêmeas caninas, de diferentes raças (e sem raça definida), com idades entre um e quatro anos. O protocolo de indução compreendeu aplicações diárias de gonadotrofina coriônica eqüina (eCG) na dosagem de 30 UI/kg, uma vez ao dia, por 9 dias, seguido de aplicação de gonadotrofina coriônica humana (hCG ) na dosagem de 500 UI/ por animal, em aplicação única no dia 10 do protocolo. Foi avaliada a citologia vaginal a partir do início do protocolo, a cada 48 horas, até o final do mesmo. No dia 12 do protocolo, foi realizada coleta de sangue para dosagem de progesterona e avaliação das estruturas ovarianas, por meio de laparotomia. Todos os animais apresentaram alterações progressivas de citologia vaginal para a fase de proestro, seguida de estro. Os valores médios das concentrações séricas de progesterona foram de 14 ng/mL, apresentando-se acima dos níveis fisiológicos esperados para a fase avaliada, demonstrando luteinização exacerbada.Os ovários apresentaram altas taxas de folículos crescidos, bem como rompidos, sendo observada a efeti

Hermaphroditism in pig: a case related / Hermafroditismo em suíno: relato de caso

A case of intersexuality in pig is presented. The animal shows a rudimentary penis and a skin plica, since the prepuce until the ani. The animal has two ovarium and only one testiclc in the abdominal cavity. The epididimus was short and flexioned. The uterus, vagina and vulva was absente and one of the Falopius tube exibit a hipoplasie size with esteril liquid colection inside it. No signs of cspermatogese was observed.

Relata se um caso esporádico de hermafroditismo parcial em suíno da raça Landrace. Ao exame, constatou-se que o animal apresentava uma nítida prega cutânea que se prolongava desde a região abdominal, onde existia um pênis rudimentar, até atingir a borda anal. Constatou-se, ainda, um aumento significativo do volume abdominal que à percussão, revelava conter líquido no seu interior. A necrópsia, observou-se que o aparelho reprodutor feminino era incompleto, constituído de 2 ovários aparentemente normais, uma trompa de aspecto anatômico também normal, anexa à qual se observava um testículo e epidídimo atrofiados. A trompa contralateral mostrava-se muito aumentada de volume c no seu interior constatou-se a existência de um fluído espesso, incolor e inodoro. Não foi verificada a existência de corpo uterino bem como de tubo vaginal e da vulva, visto que as trompas terminavam em fundo cego. Da mesma forma, verificou-se ausência dos demais anexos do aparelho reprodutor masculino. A histopatologia revelou que os ovários apresentavam estruturas normais, enquanto o testículo mostrava-se com acentuada hipoplasia e aplasia das células germinativas e túbulos seminíferos.

Gonadotrophin in the induction of estrus in bitches / Gonadotrofinas na indução do estro em cadelas

The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of gonadotrophins to induce estrus in bitches, which was monitored using vaginal cytology, serum progesterone and ovarium morphology. Nine bitches of different breeds ageing one to four years were used. The protocol of estrus induction consisted of daily administration of eCG (equine chorionic gonadotrophin) at dose of 30 UI/kg, once daily, for nine days, followed by a single administration of hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) at dose of 500 UI/animal on the tenth day. Vaginal cytology was done every two days. On the 12nd day after the beginning of this protocol, ovariohysterectomy was performed to collect the ovaries; serum was collected for progesterone concentration. Every animal showed cytological alterations by the progression from proestrus to estrus. Progesterone concentrations revealed values above the expected which may demonstrate exacerbate pre-ovulatory luteinization. Ovaries presented high rates of growing follicles as well as ruptured, demonstrating the effectiveness of the protocol in promoting the ovulation. The follicular fluid was viscous and adhered to the oocytes. In conclusion, the employed protocol seems to be effective in the induction of the estrus in bitches.

O estudo foi realizado no Setor de Obstetrícia Veterinária, da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Unesp ( Campus de Jaboticabal) com o objetivo de analisar a eficiência de gonadotrofinas na indução do estro em cadelas, por meio da avaliação da citologia vaginal, dosagem sérica de progesterona e morfologia ovariana. Foram utilizadas nove fêmeas caninas, de diferentes raças (e sem raça definida), com idades entre um e quatro anos. O protocolo de indução compreendeu aplicações diárias de gonadotrofina coriônica eqüina (eCG) na dosagem de 30 UI/kg, uma vez ao dia, por 9 dias, seguido de aplicação de gonadotrofina coriônica humana (hCG ) na dosagem de 500 UI/ por animal, em aplicação única no dia 10 do protocolo. Foi avaliada a citologia vaginal a partir do início do protocolo, a cada 48 horas, até o final do mesmo. No dia 12 do protocolo, foi realizada coleta de sangue para dosagem de progesterona e avaliação das estruturas ovarianas, por meio de laparotomia. Todos os animais apresentaram alterações progressivas de citologia vaginal para a fase de proestro, seguida de estro. Os valores médios das concentrações séricas de progesterona foram de 14 ng/mL, apresentando-se acima dos níveis fisiológicos esperados para a fase avaliada, demonstrando luteinização exacerbada.Os ovários apresentaram altas taxas de folículos crescidos, bem como rompidos, sendo observada a efeti

Produção e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais submetidas a programas de muda forçada

O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar os efeitos do jejum, milho, farelo de trigo e ração de muda no processo de muda forçada em poedeiras comerciais com 73 semanas de idade. O trabalho foi conduzido na UNESP - FMVZ - no setor de avicultura, Câmpus de Botucatu. As aves foram alojadas em gaiolas com dois compartimentos internos, com quatro aves por compartimento, totalizando oito aves por gaiola. Foram utilizadas 512 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Shaver. Durante o período de muda, as aves do tratamento testemunha receberam ração de produção à vontade; no tratamento jejum as que tiveram sua alimentação retirada por um período de 14 dias e em seguida recebeu somente milho moído pelo período de 14 dias; no tratamento milho foi fornecido milho moído à vontade durante 28 dias; no tratamento trigo foi fornecido farelo de trigo à vontade durante 28 dias; nos tratamentos trigo 50g e trigo 65g as aves receberam somente 50 e 65g de farelo de trigo, respectivamente, por 28 dias e nos tratamentos muda 50g e muda 65g foi fornecida ração de muda com 1,0% de cálcio e 0,42% de fósforo disponível nas seguintes quantidades de 50 e 65g por ave/dia, respectivamente, por 28 dias. Durante este período de muda as aves permaneceram com fotoperíodo natural. Após o término da muda as aves receberam ração de produção e água à vontade e teve início o programa de luz com 14 horas de luz por dia e aumentos semanais de 30 minutos até que se alcançou fotoperíodo de 17 horas de luz por dia. No decorrer do período da muda, foram sacrificadas 120 aves em cinco abates, sendo oito abatidas no início e mais quatro por tratamento, abatidas aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias de muda para avaliação do cálcio e fósforo na tíbia e no sangue, perda de peso corporal e dos órgãos (fígado, ovário, oviduto), gordura abdominal e extrato etéreo; também foi avaliado o consumo de ração...

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of fasting, corn, wheat meal and commercial molt diet in forced molt process from seventy-three weeks old commercial laying hens. The experiment was conducted at Poultry Farm from Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP - Botucatu Campus. Hens were housed in cages with two compartments to four birds each, representing an experimental unit with 8 birds. Five hundred-twelve Shaver hens were used. During molt period birds from treatment 1 (control) received production diet ad libitum, in treatment 2 (conventional - fasting) birds had feed removed for fourteen days and received only ground corn for the following fourteen days. During 28 days, birds from treatment 3 and 4 were fed with ground corn and wheat meal, respectively, ad libitum. Only 50 and 65 g of wheat meal were given to birds from treatments 5 and 6, respectively, during 28 days. The same amount was supplied to birds from treatments 7 and 8, respectively, but from commercial molt diet with 1% of calcium and 0.42% of available phosphorus, during 28 days. During molt period hens were kept with natural photoperiod. At the end of the molt period the hens were fed with water and production diet ad libitum and the lighting program started with fourteen hours of daylight, increasing 30 minutes weekly until reach seventeen hours of daylight to the hens. During molt experiment one hundred-twenty birds were slaughtered in five slaughtering, being eight slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment and four per treatment were slaughtered at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of molt to analyze calcium and phosphorus in Tibia and blood, loss of body and organs weight (liver, ovarium and oviduct), abdominal fat and ether extract. Feed intake was also evaluated. It was verified that wheat meal can be used in forced molt process without compromise the parameters analyzed and with...