Fatal yersiniosis by Yersinia enterocolitica in a brown titi monkey (Plecturocebus brunneus) / Yersiniose fatal por Yersinia enterocolitica em um zogue-zogue (Plecturocebus brunneus)

We described a case of fatal septicemic yersiniosis in a young adult brown titi monkey (Plecturocebus brunneus) which presented lethargy and severe anemia. Postmortem external assessment revealed marked dehydration and pale pink mucous membranes. The main gross findings included enlarged liver with yellow pinpoints, enlarged spleen with yellow nodules, mucosal ulcerations in the large intestine, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Histology revealed necrosuppurative hepatosplenitis with intralesional colonies of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria, ulcerative colitis, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, and fibrinous and hemorrhagic pneumonia. Bacterial culture and identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry confirmed the diagnosis of yersiniosis by Yersinia enterocolitica. This study indicated that yersiniosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of death in brown titi monkeys.

Descrevemos um caso de yersiniose septicêmica fatal em um zogue-zogue (Plecturocebus brunneus) jovem adulto que apresentava um quadro de letargia e anemia severa. Macroscopicamente, havia acentuada desidratação e as mucosas estavam pálidas. Notou-se hepatomegalia com múltiplos pontos amarelos e esplenomegalia com múltiplos nódulos amarelos pelo parênquima. Ainda, ulcerações da mucosa do intestino grosso, linfonodos mesentéricos aumentados e hemorragia pulmonar foram observados. A avaliação histológica revelou hepatite e esplenite necrossupurativas associadas a agregados bacterianos bacilares gram-negativos intralesionais, colite ulcerativa, hiperplasia linfoide reativa e pneumonia fibrino-hemorrágica. A cultura bacteriana e identificação através do método de espectrometria de massa por ionização e dessorção a laser assistida por matriz associada ao tempo de voo confirmou o diagnóstico de yersiniose por Yersinia enterocolitica. Este estudo demonstra que a yersiniose deve ser considerada como um diagnóstico diferencial de causa de morte em zogue-zogues.

Clinical and epidemiological findings of cecal disorders in horses in the state of Paraíba / Achados clínicos e epidemiológicos dos distúrbios cecais em cavalos no estado da Paraíba

This was a retrospective case study of colic syndrome of cecal origin in 159 horses treated at a reference Veterinary Center between June 2015 and July 2021. The data studied were breed, age, sex, clinical examinations of the initial emergency care, treatment protocols (clinical and/or surgical) and resolution (hospital discharge, euthanasia or death). It was observed that 7.55% (n = 12) of the cases corresponded to colic syndrome of cecal origin, where 75% (n = 9) had heart rate within the physiological range for the species, as well as 50% (n = 6) for capillary refill time values, 33.33% (n = 4) for pink mucosa, 41.67% (n = 5) for rectal temperature, and 16.67% (n = 2) on abdominal auscultation. In 58.34% (n = 7) of patients, pain could be controlled with analgesics, with recurrence in 41.67% (n = 5). All treated cases were cecal impaction, where 58.33% (n = 7) ruptured the cecum. In 75% (n = 9) of the cases, surgical treatment was performed. Regarding the general resolution of cases, 41.67% (n = 5) of the animals were discharged. Therefore, it is concluded that despite the increase in the diagnosis of colic of cecal origin, this disease is still rare (7.55%) and has a high potential for death since there are few clinical alterations, making its early diagnosis difficult.(AU)

Este foi um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de síndrome cólica de origem cecal em 159 cavalos atendidos em um Centro Veterinário de referência entre junho de 2015 e julho de 2021. Os dados estudados foram raça, idade, sexo, exames clínicos do atendimento inicial de emergência, protocolos de tratamento (clínico e/ou cirúrgica) e resolução (alta hospitalar, eutanásia ou óbito). Observou-se que 7,55% (n = 12) dos casos correspondiam à síndrome cólica de origem cecal, onde 75% (n = 9) apresentavam frequência cardíaca dentro da faixa fisiológica para a espécie, assim como 50% (n = 6) para valores de tempo de enchimento capilar, 33,33% (n = 4) para mucosa rosada, 41,67% (n = 5) para temperatura retal e 16,67% (n = 2) para ausculta abdominal. Em 58,34% (n = 7) dos pacientes, a dor pôde ser controlada com analgésicos, com recidiva em 41,67% (n = 5). Todos os casos tratados foram de impactação cecal, onde 58,33% (n = 7) romperam o ceco. Em 75% (n = 9) dos casos, o tratamento cirúrgico foi realizado. Em relação à resolução geral dos casos, 41,67% (n = 5) dos animais tiveram alta. Portanto, conclui-se que apesar do aumento do diagnóstico de cólica de origem cecal, esta enfermidade ainda é rara (7,55%) e apresenta um alto potencial de óbito visto que há poucas alterações clínicas dificultando seu diagnóstico precoce.(AU)

Lumpy skin disease in a cow

The animal is in good nutritional condition. Several ticks are present on the ventrum and withers. Multifocally and widespread, affecting all areas of skin in a random distribution, there are variably sized (1-4 cm in diameter) cutaneous and/or subcutaneous nodules, sometimes with a targetoid appearance. A few nodules are ulcerated, and others havea central dense crust. On cut section, many nodules are well demarcated, with a light pink center delineated by a dark red haemorrhagic/hyperaemic line (acute infarcts). Similar nodules and ulcers are also present over the teats. Skinning reveals extensive subcutaneous thickening with yellowish gelatinous material (oedema) as well as multifocal areas of dark red discoloration (haemorrhages). Multiple superficial lymph nodes are enlarged and haemorrhagic, with the right pre-scapular lymph node most severely affected, measuring 16x7x8 cm.(AU)

Presence of pink sugarcane mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) increases probability of red rot on sugarcane

Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell, 1895) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is globally disseminated on sugarcane plants. In Brazil, this species has been occurred in the same region as the occurrence of the fungal pathogen causing red rot, Colletotrichum falcatum Went, 1893 (Glomerellales). The objective of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that this pseudococcid could act as a facilitator of the penetration of the phytopathogen C. falcatum. Species of this mealybug were reared at laboratory to infest sugarcane plants during the experiment. A total of 320 sugarcane plants were utilized for this study, 160 of CTC4 and 160 of RB86 7515 cultivars (cv.), each group subdivided into four treatments: (1) infested with mealybugs; (2) infected with fungal conidia; (3) infested with mealybugs and infected with fungal conidia; and (4) control. Biometrics of the plants, disease symptoms, Total Reducing Sugars (TRS) and Reducing Sugar (RS) were evaluated. To both cv., there was no difference in the height and diameter of the plants in all treatments; and only in "mealybug + fungus", significant difference on the lengths of the disease lesions inside the plants was found to each cv. as well as the levels of TRS and RS. The presence of the pseudococcid increased the incidence of the disease in both cv., although RB86 7515 was more susceptible to red rot than CTC4.(AU)

Anatomopathological aspects and the use of immunohistochemistry in slaughter pigs with cutaneous lesions of erysipelas / Aspectos anatomopatológicos e o uso da imuno-histoquímica em suínos abatidos com lesões cutâneas de erisipela

Swine erysipelas is a disease of worldwide distribution, responsible for causing economic losses in swine and considered an occupational zoonotic disease. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of pigs are carriers and stress can predispose the appearance of clinical disease. The diagnosis of erysipelas in slaughter pigs becomes a challenge for pathologists, since scalding and dehairing, routine procedures in slaughterhouses, generate histological artifacts that often make the final diagnosis impossible. This study describes the anatomopathological aspects and evaluate the use of immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool in these cases. Forty-three cases of erysipelas in slaughter pigs were analyzed. Grossly, the cutaneous lesions were characteristic pink, red, or purple raised rhomboid, rectangular or square lesions ("diamond skin"). Histologically, in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, there were suppurative vasculitis, hidradenitis and folliculitis, as well as degeneration and necrosis of the vessel wall, thrombosis and multifocal areas of necrosis. Suppurative vasculitis and damage to the blood vessel wall were observed in all cases, with varying degrees of severity. The immunohistochemical technique proved to be an effective complementary method of diagnosis, with positive immunostaining in 93%. In most cases, we observed mild immunostaining (57.5%), moderate in 22.5% and marked in 20%.

A erisipela suína é uma doença de distribuição mundial, responsável por causar prejuízos econômicos na suinocultura, além de ser uma doença zoonótica com caráter ocupacional. Estima-se que 30%-50% dos suínos sejam portadores e fatores estressantes podem predispor o aparecimento da doença clínica. O diagnóstico de erisipela em suínos de abate torna-se um desafio aos patologistas, uma vez que os processos de escaldagem e depila, rotineiros em abatedouros frigoríficos, geram artefatos histológicos que muitas vezes impossibilitam o diagnóstico final. Este trabalho descreve os aspectos anatomopatológicos e avalia o uso da imuno-histoquímica como uma ferramenta diagnóstica nestes casos. Foram analisados fragmentos de pele de 43 casos de erisipela em suínos de abate. Macroscopicamente, eram múltiplas lesões cutâneas romboides, retangulares ou quadradas rosa, vermelho ou roxo característicos ("pele de diamante"). Histologicamente, na derme e subcutâneo, havia vasculite, hidradenite e foliculite supurativas, bem como degeneração e necrose da parede de vasos, trombose e áreas de necrose multifocais. A vasculite supurativa e a lesão na parede de vasos sanguíneos foram observadas em todos os casos, em diferentes graus de severidade. A técnica imuno-histoquímica se mostrou um eficaz método complementar de diagnóstico, com imunomarcação positiva em 93%. Na maior parte dos casos observamos marcação discreta (57,5%), moderada em 22,5% e acentuada em 20%.

Bilateral testicular tumors in a non-cryptorchid dog: coexistence of Sertoli cell and interstitial endocrine cell tumors

Background: Testicular neoplasms in dogs are more frequent than in other animal species, representing the most common tumors in elderly subjects after skin neoplasms. In cryptorchid subjects, the risk of neoplastic degeneration is high. The cytological examination is essential to differentiate the type of neoplasia and to determinate the best diagnostic approach. Aim of this report was to describe clinical and histopathological features of a dog with coexistence of Sertoli cell and interstitial endocrine cell tumors in a non-cryptorchid dog. Case: A 9-year-old non-neutered male dog, German Spitz breed, was presented to the veterinary clinic. On clinical examination, the dog had a body condition (BCS 6/9), pink mucous membranes, capillary refill time (CRT) < 2 sec, lymph nodes of normal size, afebrile, normal heart and respiratory rate. The abdomen was depressible to palpation, without pain, the skin appeared hyperpigmented, with generalized presence of comedones, pendular foreskin and absence of hair at the abdominal level, in the ventral portion of the trunk and neck, scant hair also at the level of the inner thighs and in perianal. At ultrasounds examinations, the right testicle presented a hypoechoic circular focal lesion, in the caudal pole, of 0.7 cm in diameter, well defined, echogenicity and a remnant of normal echostructure, smooth and regular margins; the left testicle showed an increase in size, irregular margins, with a heterogeneous echo structure, given by hypoechoic areas, referred to cysts, hemorrhagic or necrotic areas. The hemogram reported slightly microcytic and normochromic regenerative anemia. The leukogram showed monocytosis. The absence of the typical stress leukogram characterized by neutrophilia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia, and the reduction of ALP allows to rule out Cushing's disease. In order to rule out hypothyroidism due to the inhibitory effect of estrogens on the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) the concentration of total thyroxine was analyzed, reporting normal values excluding hypothyroidism. Blood oestradiol 17-ß (E2) concentration was increased, with a normal testosterone (T) concentration of 0.30 ng/mL. Given the suspicion of the presence of testicular tumors, castration was performed by the surgical excision of both gonads, after ruling out the presence of abdominal or pulmonary metastases by chest and abdominal radiography. Discussion: The clinical, histopathological findings supported the diagnosis of testicular tumors. According to the pathological report, both gonads presented parenchymal nodular neoplastic nodular areas referring to the Sertoli sustentacular cells in the right testicle, to the proliferation of Leydig interstitial cells in the left one. The nodule in the left testicle was unencapsulated and showed a solid-diffuse pattern. Neoplastic cells were irregular polygonal, medium to large in size with moderate nucleus/cytoplasm ratio and moderate anisocytosis. In the right testicle, the nodule was heterogeneous in consistency and a diffuse pattern was present. Neoplastic cells were polygonal morphology, had a moderate nucleus/cytoplasm ratio and were organized tubules lined and obliterated the extensive cell growth. Bilateral orchiectomy allowed to improve the clinical signs, and 3 months after surgery, the animal was in good health, with evident improvement skin lesions. The E2 analysis was repeated, detecting normal values, demonstrating that testicular neoplasm in this patient were involved in E2 production; also T concentration decreased considerably from 0.30 to < 0.07 values.

Linfadenite caseosa intestinal em ovino / Intestinal caseous lymphadenitis in sheep

Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect theinternal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examinationand identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is amixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelidmucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminalmovements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed thatthe right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position,then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 L/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin(2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during...

Linfadenite caseosa intestinal em ovino / Intestinal caseous lymphadenitis in sheep

Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect theinternal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examinationand identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is amixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelidmucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminalmovements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed thatthe right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position,then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 L/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin(2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during...(AU)

Nocardiose em gatos - achados clínicos, anatomopatológicos e morfotintoriais / Nocardiosis in cats - clinical, anatomopathological and morphotintorial characteristics

Background: Nocardiosis is an infectious bacterial disease that can cause cutaneous/ subcutaneous, pulmonary and systemic lesions in different species of domestic animals. The type of transmission occurs through mechanical lesions on the skin or contamination of wounds, in cases of skin involvement, inhalation of aerosols and ingestion of contaminated materials are involved in the pathogenesis of the respiratory and digestive form of the disease. This paper described 4 cases of nocardiosis in cats, addressing the clinical, anatomopathological and morphotintorial characteristics of Nocardia sp. Cases: Four cases of nocardiosis in cats were reviewed, in which data related to breed, sex, age, origin, clinical signs, macroscopic and histological lesions described in necropsy protocols were evaluated. The histological tissue sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) were evaluated in order to characterize the inflammatory response in each case. In addition, paraffin blocks of fragments from affected organ were selected to perform special histochemical staining techniques of Grocott Methenamine Silver (GMS), modified Ziehl-Neelsen, Gram Brown-Brenn and Giemsa stain which are the most characterized techniques used for histopathological diagnoses and it was also used an immunohistochemical test with polyclonal antibody anti-Nocardia sp. (non-commercial). The animals were adults of both sexes, mixed breed, not castrated and semi-domesticated. Neither immunosuppressive factors nor concomitant diseases were identified in the cases studied. The main clinical signs were apathy, anorexia, dehydration, phlegmon and draining tracts. Macroscopically, skin / subcutaneous tissue (3/4), skeletal muscle (2/4), lymph nodes (2/4), liver (2/4), omentum (1/4), spleen (1/4) were affected. In addition, it could be noted that mandibular bone (1/4), pleural tissue (1/4), left testicle (1/4) and Central Nervous System (CNS) (1/4) were also affected by this disease. Microscopically, regarding all cases, there was a pyogranulomatous inflammation in the affected organs. With respect to cases 1, 3 and 4, filamentous, branched, slightly basophilic structures in loose or individual aggregates in the interior of the pseudo-rosettes and in the necrotic areas were observed in the HEstained tissue sections. In all cases submitted to special histochemical techniques, filamentous, branched, individual or loose aggregate structures were observed, the samples were impregnated with silver, and bacteria appear as blue using the Brown-Brenn Gram technique, and stained red in the modified Ziehl-Neelsen, and stained faintly pink in Giemsa stain. The bacteria were observed mainly in the border of the pyogranulomas, in the center of the pseudo-rosettes and in the necrotic areas, being compatible with the infection by Nocardia sp. All cases were positive for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Discussion: Nocardiosis was diagnosed in all cats in this study based on the anatomopathological findings associated with the visualization of the agent and its morphotintorial characteristics by using special histochemical stains and being confirmed by IHC. It occurs mainly in the cutaneous and/or subcutaneous tissues, with systemic involvement and death of the affected animals, in addition to affecting bone tissue considered an uncommon site for the disease. The diagnosis can be established based on the anatomopathological findings associated with the morphotintorial characteristics by using special histochemical stains, which are important for evidencing and morphologically characterizing the agent, as well as being confirmed by IHC.

Abordagem de tratamento de múltiplos sarcóides em equino da raça Crioulo / Approach to treatment of multiple sarcoids in Crioulo horses

Background: The equine sarcoid corresponds to one third of equine tumors, and may present as single or multiple and insix different shapes. The etiology is still unknown, but it brings with it some predisposing factors. Confirmatory diagnosisis made based on histopathology evaluation. There are several treatments described in the literature, therefore, it variesaccording to the choice of the veterinarian, the conditions and interests of the owner and the characteristics of the sarcoidtumor. The present case report describe of a Crioulo horse that presented of a multiple sarcoids in different shapes of thebody and, testing the efficacy and response to the chosen treatment.Case: The Crioulo gateado coat stallion, aged six years and seven months, weigh 360 kg. In the physical evaluation observed alert behavior, body score (ECC) three (1-5), 36 bpm and 20 mpm. The pelvic right limb (PRL) presented a mobilefibroblastic nodule was found on the proximal dorsal face of the third metatarsal bone (MTIII), pendular and broad-based,ulcerated, with a diameter of approximately 10 cm x 7 cm associated of a dark pink color. Likewise, on the caudal surface ofthe ear observed verrucous sessile flat lesion with a diameter of 5 cm and, in the right corner of the mouth, a non-ulcerated,pendular, mobile dark red color nodule evidenced with a diameter approximately 3 cm. Similarly, there were multipleulcerated pendulous dark pink color mobiles nodules in the region of the left and right groin, as well in the pectoral region.Histopathological evaluation of the 0,5 cm specimen tumor observed a proliferation of connective tissue and thickening ofthe epidermis with pseudocarcinomatous projections suggestive of sarcoid lesion tumor...

Abordagem de tratamento de múltiplos sarcóides em equino da raça Crioulo / Approach to treatment of multiple sarcoids in Crioulo horses

Background: The equine sarcoid corresponds to one third of equine tumors, and may present as single or multiple and insix different shapes. The etiology is still unknown, but it brings with it some predisposing factors. Confirmatory diagnosisis made based on histopathology evaluation. There are several treatments described in the literature, therefore, it variesaccording to the choice of the veterinarian, the conditions and interests of the owner and the characteristics of the sarcoidtumor. The present case report describe of a Crioulo horse that presented of a multiple sarcoids in different shapes of thebody and, testing the efficacy and response to the chosen treatment.Case: The Crioulo gateado coat stallion, aged six years and seven months, weigh 360 kg. In the physical evaluation observed alert behavior, body score (ECC) three (1-5), 36 bpm and 20 mpm. The pelvic right limb (PRL) presented a mobilefibroblastic nodule was found on the proximal dorsal face of the third metatarsal bone (MTIII), pendular and broad-based,ulcerated, with a diameter of approximately 10 cm x 7 cm associated of a dark pink color. Likewise, on the caudal surface ofthe ear observed verrucous sessile flat lesion with a diameter of 5 cm and, in the right corner of the mouth, a non-ulcerated,pendular, mobile dark red color nodule evidenced with a diameter approximately 3 cm. Similarly, there were multipleulcerated pendulous dark pink color mobiles nodules in the region of the left and right groin, as well in the pectoral region.Histopathological evaluation of the 0,5 cm specimen tumor observed a proliferation of connective tissue and thickening ofthe epidermis with pseudocarcinomatous projections suggestive of sarcoid lesion tumor...(AU)

Avaliação microbiológica de sushi e sashimi preparados em restaurantes especializados / Microbiological evaluation of sushi and sashimi prepared in specialized restaurants

O objetivo foi avaliar o padrão microbiológico de sushis e sashimis de salmão comercializados em restaurantes especializados situados na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisadas 20 amostras (10 de sushi e 10 de sashimi) submetidas à pesquisa de Salmonella, contagens de coliformes termotolerantes, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Observou-se que 70% das amostras estavam em desacordo com o padrão estabelecido pela legislação brasileira para estes produtos. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de maiores cuidados em relação à qualidade da matéria-prima e às medidas higiênicas e sanitárias durante o preparo e manipulação do produto, tendo em vista, ainda, o fato de que estes alimentos são consumidos sem cocção, o que aumenta o risco de contaminação.

This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological patterns of salmon sushi and sashimi sold in specialized restaurants located in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Twenty samples were analyzed (10 sushi and 10 sashimi) and submitted to Salmonella testing and counting of fecal coliforms, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. One observed 70% of the samples were at odds with the standards established by the Brazilian law. The results indicate the need for more care about the quality of the raw material and for hygiene and sanitary measures when preparing and handling the product, also considering that these foods are consumed without cooking, which increases the risk of contamination.

Avaliação microbiológica de sushi e sashimi preparados em restaurantes especializados / Microbiological evaluation of sushi and sashimi prepared in specialized restaurants

O objetivo foi avaliar o padrão microbiológico de sushis e sashimis de salmão comercializados em restaurantes especializados situados na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisadas 20 amostras (10 de sushi e 10 de sashimi) submetidas à pesquisa de Salmonella, contagens de coliformes termotolerantes, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Observou-se que 70% das amostras estavam em desacordo com o padrão estabelecido pela legislação brasileira para estes produtos. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de maiores cuidados em relação à qualidade da matéria-prima e às medidas higiênicas e sanitárias durante o preparo e manipulação do produto, tendo em vista, ainda, o fato de que estes alimentos são consumidos sem cocção, o que aumenta o risco de contaminação.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological patterns of salmon sushi and sashimi sold in specialized restaurants located in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Twenty samples were analyzed (10 sushi and 10 sashimi) and submitted to Salmonella testing and counting of fecal coliforms, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. One observed 70% of the samples were at odds with the standards established by the Brazilian law. The results indicate the need for more care about the quality of the raw material and for hygiene and sanitary measures when preparing and handling the product, also considering that these foods are consumed without cooking, which increases the risk of contamination.(AU)

Análise de riscos à saúde pública de sashimis vendidos em estabelecimentos de comida japonesa no município de Marabá-PA / Analysis of public health risks of sashimis sold at japanese food establishments in the municipality of Marabá-PA

O peixe está entre os produtos de origem animal mais susceptíveis ao processo de deterioração. Devido ao grande aumento no consumo de sashimi, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os riscos à saúde pública relacionado ao consumo dessa iguaria. Para essa avaliação foram pesquisados os seguintes microrganismos: Coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella spp. A porcentagem de conformidade dos estabelecimentos variaram de 85,7% a 59,5%. Os resultados indicaram condições satisfatórias para Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Salmonellaspp., em conformidade com os padrões microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação. Quanto a contagem de coliformes termotolerantes e Escherichia coli, notou-se que os sashimis em um dos estabelecimentos não estava de acordo com o que a legislação preconiza.(AU)

Análise de riscos à saúde pública de sashimis vendidos em estabelecimentos de comida japonesa no município de Marabá-PA / Analysis of public health risks of sashimis sold at japanese food establishments in the municipality of Marabá-PA

O peixe está entre os produtos de origem animal mais susceptíveis ao processo de deterioração. Devido ao grande aumento no consumo de sashimi, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os riscos à saúde pública relacionado ao consumo dessa iguaria. Para essa avaliação foram pesquisados os seguintes microrganismos: Coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella spp. A porcentagem de conformidade dos estabelecimentos variaram de 85,7% a 59,5%. Os resultados indicaram condições satisfatórias para Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Salmonellaspp., em conformidade com os padrões microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação. Quanto a contagem de coliformes termotolerantes e Escherichia coli, notou-se que os sashimis em um dos estabelecimentos não estava de acordo com o que a legislação preconiza.

Babesiose cerebral em bezerros

ABSTRACT: Cerebral babesiosis is a protozoan disease caused by Babesia bovis. This parasite belongs to the bovine parasitic complex of tick-borne diseases that affect livestock worldwide. The present study reports an outbreak caused by B. bovis affected twenty 7-25 day-old calves. Outbreak occurred from May to July 2015 in the south of Brazil, where there is an area of enzootic instability for cattle tick fever. The macroscopic lesions were anemia, hemoglobinuria, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, yellow liver and cherry-pink discoloration of cerebral and cerebellar cortex. The diagnosis was based on epidemiology, necropsy and microscopic findings in the brain that showed B. bovis in the capillary vessels of the brain in imprints stained by Giemsa. Cases of cerebral babesiosis by Babesia bovis in such young calves are uncommon but should be considered as a diagnosis possibility when there is high mortality rate in areas ofen zootic instability.

RESUMO: Babesiose cerebral é uma enfermidade causada pelo protozoário Babesia bovis. O agente faz parte do complexo Tristeza Parasitária Bovina, uma das mais importantes doenças parasitárias em bovinos. O presente estudo relata um surto causado por B. bovis em vinte bezerros de aproximadamente 7 a 25 dias de idade. O surto ocorreu entre março e junho de 2015, na região sul do Brasil, área de instabilidade enzoótica para a Tristeza Parasitária Bovina. O diagnóstico foi realizado pela epidemiologia, lesões macroscópicas e pela presença de numerosas formas parasitárias de Babesia bovis em capilares encefálicos, observados em imprints corados por Giemsa. Surtos de babesiose por B. bovis cerebral nos primeiros dias de vida de bezerros é incomum, porém não pode ser desconsiderada em surtos com alta letalidade em áreas de instabilidade enzoótica.

Caracterização histoquímica no diagnóstico da babesiose bovina por Babesia bovis

ABSTRACT: Babesiosis is a hemolytic tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoal parasites of the genus Babesia. This is a disease of high incidence in the southern Brazil and responsible for considerable economic losses. Clinical-pathological diagnosis can be made by demonstrating the parasite by examining blood smears or fresh tissues. However, frequently, only formalin-fixed organs are sent to pathology laboratories, which makes it impossible to perform the smears. The main objective of this study was to find alternative histochemical techniques capable to improve the identification of intraerythrocytic Babesia bovis in histological sections. For this study, tissue samples from 50 bovine necropsy cases were retrospectively analyzed, which had been fixed in formalin and routinely processed for histopathology. The cases were divided into a control group, consisting of 12 cases of cerebral babesiosis with characteristic pink-cherry gray matter (group A), and 38 cases suggestive of cattle tick fever (group B), according to necropsy protocols. Histochemical techniques of Alcian Blue, Methylene Blue, Toluidine Blue, Giemsa, Gram (McCallum-Goodpasture method), Grocott, Periodic Acid of Schiff and Ziehl-Neelsen were tested. Among these, it was observed that the techniques of Methylene Blue and Toluidine Blue allowed to observe morphological and dye characteristics in a clearer way, aiding in the identification of B. bovis. In addition, several clinical-epidemiological and anatomopathological parameters of babesiosis caused by B. bovis were established.

RESUMO: A babesiose é uma doença hemolítica transmitida por carrapatos e causada por protozoários intraeritrocitários do gênero Babesia. Esta é uma doença de incidência elevada na Região Sul do Brasil e responsável por perdas econômicas consideráveis. O diagnóstico clínico-patológico pode ser feito através da demonstração do parasito pelo exame de esfregaços sanguíneos ou de tecidos frescos. Entretanto, com frequência, somente órgãos fixados em formol são remetidos para laboratórios de patologia, o que impossibilita a realização do esfregaço. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar técnicas histoquímicas alternativas e capazes de aprimorar a evidenciação de Babesia bovis intraeritrocitária em tecidos fixados em formol. Para este estudo, foram analisadas retrospectivamente amostras de tecidos de 50 casos de necropsias de bovinos, as quais haviam sido fixadas em formol e processadas rotineiramente para histopatologia. Os casos foram divididos em um grupo controle, constituído por 12 casos de babesiose cerebral com substância cinzenta encefálica róseo-cereja característica (grupo A), e 38 casos sugestivos de tristeza parasitária bovina (grupo B), conforme os protocolos de necropsias. Foram testadas as técnicas histoquímicas de Azul Alciano, Azul de Metileno, Azul de Toluidina, Giemsa, Gram (método de McCallum-Goodpasture), Grocott, Ácido Periódico de Schiff e Ziehl-Neelsen. Dentre estas, observou-se que as técnicas de Azul de Metileno e Azul de Toluidina permitiram observar características morfológicas e tintoriais de maneira mais nítida, auxiliando na identificação de B. bovis. Adicionalmente, foram estabelecidos vários parâmetros clínico-epidemiológicos e anatomopatológicos da babesiose por B. bovis.

Stereological and morphometric study of type 3 collagen formation in the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice treated with mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Wound healing is a progressive, essential and complex physiological process that occurs as a restorative response after a tissue injury. It involves three phases: inflammation, proliferation and maturation. Exogenous, endogenous and pathological factors may interfere in the cicatricial process in humans and animals by altering the balance between the synthesis, degradation and remodelling of collagen and elastic fibres. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic disease that alters elastogenesis and collagenesis and induces delays in the healing process. Scientific evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells modulate the cicatricial response. Thus the objective of this work was to perform stereological and morphometric analysis to determine the formation of dermal fibres in cutaneous fragments of a murine model of diabetes mellitus.Materials, Methods & Results: Histological sections were obtained from the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice. The cutaneous wounds were previously treated with autogenous mesenchymal stem cells, physiological solution or polyurethane membrane. The histological sections were subsequently processed and stained for type 1 and 3 collagen fibres and elastic fibres using Picrosirius Red and Weigert staining, respectively. Histological sections stained with Picrosirius Red presented three types of birefringence under polarised light microscopy that corresponded to red colours for type 1 collagen and green and yellow colours for type 3 collagen. Weigert staining presented three colours for histological structures under white light microscopy that corresponded to black colours for elastic fibres, variations in colour from pink to purple for other structures and dermal attachments. The elastic fibres, represented by a black colour, presented in a heterogeneous form and were either identified as thin, punctiform or rectangular fibres or as elastic agglomerates.[....]

Stereological and morphometric study of type 3 collagen formation in the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice treated with mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Wound healing is a progressive, essential and complex physiological process that occurs as a restorative response after a tissue injury. It involves three phases: inflammation, proliferation and maturation. Exogenous, endogenous and pathological factors may interfere in the cicatricial process in humans and animals by altering the balance between the synthesis, degradation and remodelling of collagen and elastic fibres. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic disease that alters elastogenesis and collagenesis and induces delays in the healing process. Scientific evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells modulate the cicatricial response. Thus the objective of this work was to perform stereological and morphometric analysis to determine the formation of dermal fibres in cutaneous fragments of a murine model of diabetes mellitus.Materials, Methods & Results: Histological sections were obtained from the cutaneous wounds of diabetic mice. The cutaneous wounds were previously treated with autogenous mesenchymal stem cells, physiological solution or polyurethane membrane. The histological sections were subsequently processed and stained for type 1 and 3 collagen fibres and elastic fibres using Picrosirius Red and Weigert staining, respectively. Histological sections stained with Picrosirius Red presented three types of birefringence under polarised light microscopy that corresponded to red colours for type 1 collagen and green and yellow colours for type 3 collagen. Weigert staining presented three colours for histological structures under white light microscopy that corresponded to black colours for elastic fibres, variations in colour from pink to purple for other structures and dermal attachments. The elastic fibres, represented by a black colour, presented in a heterogeneous form and were either identified as thin, punctiform or rectangular fibres or as elastic agglomerates.[....](AU)

Rhinosporidiosis in horses / Rinosporidiose em equinos

Rhinosporidiosis is a disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic protist of the class Mesomycetozoa. It primarily affects the nasal mucosa and transmission is associated with contaminated water contact. This report describes seven cases of rhinosporidiosis in horses in Rio Grande do Sul covering the period of 13 years. The disease predominantly affected Crioulo and thoroughbred horses. No apparent gender predisposition occurs, and age ranged from two to 25 years, with a median of 10 years. The gross aspects were characterized by unilateral (85.7%, 6/7) or bilateral (14.3%, 1/7) polyps. These were soft to friable, whitish to pink, cauliflower-like, with an irregular, sometimes ulcerated surface, measuring 2.5 to 6.0cm in diameter. There was a severe inflammatory infiltrate of the submucosa was observed, associated with moderate proliferation of the epithelium, and numerous rounded structures were identified compatible with sporangia of R. seeberi. Rhinosporidiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of other conditions affecting the respiratory tract of horses, and it is important to perform histopathology for diagnosis.(AU)

A rinosporidiose é uma doença causada por Rhinosporidium seeberi, protista aquático da classe Mesomycetozoa. Acomete principalmente a mucosa nasal e a transmissão está associada ao contato com água contaminada. Este trabalho descreve sete casos de rinosporidiose em equinos no Rio Grande do Sul em um período de 13 anos. A doença afetou predominantemente cavalos de raça, como Crioulo e Puro Sangue Inglês, sem predisposição sexual evidente e a idade variou de dois a 25 anos, com a mediana de 10 anos. Macroscopicamente foram caracterizadas por pólipos unilaterais (85,7%; 6/7) ou bilaterais (14,3%; 1/7). Os pólipos eram macios a friáveis, esbranquiçados a róseos, com aspecto de couve flor e com superfície irregular, por vezes ulcerada, medindo 2,5 a 6,0cm de diâmetro. Havia infiltrado inflamatório piogranulomatoso acentuado na submucosa associado à moderada proliferação do epitélio e numerosas estruturas arredondadas compatíveis com esporângios de R. seeberi. A rinosporidiose deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial de outras patologias que acometem o trato respiratório de equinos, sendo importante a realização da histopatologia para diagnóstico.(AU)