Resumo

White-sand vegetation (campinarana) is a type of vegetation restricted to oligotrophic and highly leached white sand soils in the Amazon phytogeographic domain that includes grassland to forest phytophysiognomies. Campinaranas cover about 5% of this phytogeographic domain and are impacted by various anthropic activities that put plant species, especially endemic ones, at risk. Myrtaceae has significant representativeness in oligotrophic edaphic environments, but floristic and taxonomic studies on the family in campinaranas are still few and geographically limited. We present a checklist of Myrtaceae species known from campinaranas of the Brazilian Amazon based on the survey of herbarium specimens and literature data in order to assess the level of endemism of these species for this vegetation type. We compiled occurrence records of 72 species and six genera. Myrcia and Eugenia were the genera with the highest number of species. Overall, 38 species (53%) occurred only in the Amazon and two were endemic to campinaranas (Eugenia campina and Myrcia psammophila). Four species are new records for the Brazilian Amazon: Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Eugenia hatschbachii, Myrcia anceps and Myrcia racemosa. The specific richness of Myrtaceae in Brazilian campinaranas is likely to be underestimated since extensive areas, especially those farther from the riverbanks, in the states of Amazonas and Roraima, have not yet been intensively surveyed.

Campinarana é um tipo de vegetação restrita a solos de areia branca oligotróficos e altamente lixiviados no domínio fitogeográfico amazônico, que inclui fitofisionomias campestres a florestais. Campinaranas cobrem aproximadamente 5% deste domínio fitogeográfico e estão sujeitas ao impacto de várias atividades antrópicas que colocam em risco as espécies vegetais, especialmente as endêmicas. Myrtaceae possui uma representatividade significativa em ambientes edáficos oligotróficos, mas estudos florísticos e taxonômicos sobre a família em campinaranas ainda são escassos e geograficamente limitados. Nós apresentamos um checklist de espécies de Myrtaceae em campinaranas da Amazônia Brasileira, com base no levantamento de espécimes de herbários e dados de literatura, com o objetivo de verificar o nível de endemismo dessas espécies para este tipo de vegetação. Nós compilamos registros de ocorrência de 72 espécies e seis gêneros. Myrcia e Eugenia foram os gêneros com maior riqueza específica. Do total de espécies, 38 (53%) ocorreram somente na Amazônia e duas foram endêmicas das campinaranas (Eugenia campina e Myrcia psammophila). Quatro espécies constituem novos registros para a Amazônia brasileira: Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Eugenia hatschbachii, Myrcia anceps e Myrcia racemosa. A riqueza específica de Myrtaceae nas campinaranas brasileiras provavelmente está subestimada, pois extensas áreas, especialmente aquelas mais distantes dos rios nos estados de Amazonas e Roraima, ainda não foram intensamente amostradas.

Resumo

Xenelmis is one of the 51 Neotropical genera of the aquatic beetle family Elmidae and is currently represented by 15 species distributed throughout the Neotropics. This genus of tiny beetles is especially well represented in South America, where all but one species can be found, and Brazil has the greatest richness, with ten species recorded so far. Here we describe and illustrate Xenelmis tuchaua sp. nov., a new Elmidae species with remarkable sexual dimorphism and unique diagnostic characteristics. The new species was found in an Amazonian stream located in Mount Roraima National Park, Roraima state, Brazil. We provide an updated species list for Xenelmis with comments on the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in the genus.

Xenelmis é um dos 51 gêneros neotropicais da família de besouros aquáticos Elmidae. O gênero é atualmente representado por 15 espécies distribuídas pelo Neotrópico. Esse gênero de diminutos besouros é especialmente bem representado na América do Sul, onde apenas uma das espécies conhecidas não ocorre, e o Brasil possui a maior riqueza, com dez espécies registradas até o momento. Aqui nós descrevemos e ilustramos Xenelmis tuchaua sp. nov., uma nova espécie de Elmidae com marcado dimorfismo sexual e características diagnósticas únicas. A nova espécie foi encontrada em um riacho amazônico localizado no Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima, estado de Roraima, Brasil. Fornecemos uma lista atualizada das espécies conhecidas de Xenelmis, com comentários sobre a ocorrência de dimorfismo sexual no gênero.

Resumo

We present novelties on the occurrence of species belonging to the tribes Marcetieae, Melastomateae and Pyxidantheae (Melastomataceae) derived from revision of herbarium material and recent collections in the Brazilian Amazon. We report the rediscovery of the type species of Comolia, known only from the original material, the first records of Appendicularia, Dicrananthera and Blakea in the states of Pará, Roraima and Rondônia, respectively, and the first record of Pterogastra in Brazil. We provide maps with the updated geographical distribution for each species based on the revision of herbarium collections available in online databases followed by manual data cleaning. Geographic location coordinates were obtained after reviewing the identities and locality information of all herbarium specimens. Most distribution records result from recent botanical expeditions within protected areas in the Brazilian Amazon. The first records of Pterogastra in Brazil expand the diversity of Melastomataceae in Brazilian flora to 59 genera. These novelties reinforce the importance of botanical expeditions throughout the Brazilian Amazon to cover the extensive spatial gaps in taxonomic knowledge in the region which should be prioritized as the focus of botanical fieldwork.

Apresentamos novidades na ocorrência de espécies pertencentes às tribos Marcetieae, Melastomateae e Pyxidantheae (Melastomataceae) derivadas da revisão de material de herbário e coleções recentes na Amazônia brasileira. Relatamos a redescoberta da espécie-tipo de Comolia, conhecida apenas a partir do material original, os primeiros registros de Appendicularia, Dicrananthera e Blakea nos estados do Pará, Roraima e Rondônia, respectivamente, e o primeiro registro de Pterogastra no Brasil. Fornecemos mapas com a distribuição geográfica atualizada de cada espécie com base na revisão das coleções de herbários disponíveis em bases de dados online, seguido de limpeza manual dos dados. As coordenadas de localização geográfica foram obtidas após revisão das identidades e informações de localidade de todos os espécimes do herbário. A maioria dos registros de distribuição resulta de expedições botânicas recentes em áreas protegidas na Amazônia brasileira. Os primeiros registros de Pterogastra no Brasil ampliam a diversidade de Melastomataceae na flora brasileira para 59 gêneros. Essas novidades reforçam a importância das expedições botânicas por toda a Amazônia brasileira para cobrir as extensas lacunas espaciais do conhecimento taxonômico na região que deve ser priorizada como foco do trabalho de campo botânico.

Resumo

Artibeus amplus Handley, 1987 is a little-known bat species endemic to northern South America. There are confirmed records of the species for Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, and Suriname. In this study, we report the occurrence of A. amplus in Brazil based on the collection of two specimens captured in the municipalities of Cantá and Caracaraí in the state of Roraima. We also found a museum specimen from the state of Amazonas. The specimens were identified based on morphology and mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene analysis. After this contribution, the number of bat species in Brazil is 182. Surveys in other areas in the north of the country, such as the state of Pará, in addition to a comprehensive review of museum specimens, is needed to investigate the distribution of the species in areas where it has not been found yet.

Resumo

Creagrura nigripes Townes, 1971 is recorded for the first time for the Brazilian Amazon, in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará and Roraima. Ptilobaptus cinctus Townes, 1971 is registered for the first time in Brazil. Additionally, diagnosis, digital images, distribution maps, as well as comments on intraspecific morphological variations in the species are provided.(AU)

Resumo

Background: Transabdominal ultrasonography in sheep allows real-time diagnosis and monitoring of pregnancy as well as measurement of the size of placentomes, which are structures that connect the fetal and maternal portions, that increase as pregnancy progresses. Progesterone is involved in the maintenance of gestation, with high levels noted during pregnancy. In this context, it is hypothesized that measurements of placentome and progesterone could help in monitoring pregnancy in sheep. Therefore, the main objectives of this study included evaluating whether placentome size and fecal progesterone levels are associated with gestational age in ewes and whether measurement of the placentome and progesterone could be used as an estimate of gestational age. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 63 pregnant adult (between 2 and 5 years of age) Santa Inês ewes were monitored in the city of Boa Vista, Roraima. All ewes were kept in the paddock with Panicum maximun cv. tanzania, mineral salt, and water ad libitum, supplemented with 200 g/animal/day of soybean residue. Ewes were subjected to ultrasonography every 21 days from day 42 of pregancy until term to monitor pregnancy. Ultrasonography was performed using a linear probe to measure the placentome, including length × width in centimeters. Also every 21 days, fecal samples were collected for measurement of progesterone level. Feces were collected directly from the rectal ampulla, stored individually in plastic bags, and frozen at -20ºC until processing. In the laboratory, these feces samples were freeze-dried and subjected to hormonal extraction with 80% methanol. Then, the levels of fecal progesterone metabolites were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Data was tabulated and submitted to statistical analyses, including descriptive stastistic, correlation, KruskalWallis test and Tukey's test. The levels of fecal progesterone metabolites increased significantly between the 3rd and 4th months of pregnancy, with a decrease close to delivery. Placentome size increased significantly between the 2nd and 3rd months of pregnancy. Placentome measurements did not correlate with progesterone levels and showed a weak correlation with gestational age. Therefore, we concluded that the measurements of placentome size and a single evaluation of fecal progesterone metabolites were not considered efficient methods for estimating gestational age. Discussion: Measurement of progesterone level in fecal samples is a non-invasive hormone monitoring method that provides values like that of blood levels and is less stressful for the animals at the time of sample collection. The wide physiological variation makes it difficult or even useless to use fecal progesterone, when is measured only once per animal, as an indicator of the presence of pregnancy. Despite this limitation, serial sampling is useful for monitoring of hormones during the pregnancy period and is an important tool for research purposes. Placentome size measurements correlated weakly with gestational age and did not correlate with progesterone level. Thus, the presence of placentomes is indicative of the presence of pregnancy but was considered inefficient for determining gestational age in sheep.

Resumo

The goal of this study was to determine the essential fatty acids of the total lipids of the fillet, head and orbital cavity tissue from farmed tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fish from a Brazilian Amazon area. The tambaqui were acquired from different fish farms in the Roraima state, located at Western Brazilian Amazon. The meat, the head and the fatty tissue from orbital cavity were dissected for lipid extraction and analysis of fatty acids by gas chromatography. The fatty acids were quantified in mg g-1of total lipids using C23:0 as an internal standard. The nutritional quality of the lipids was determined by using the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, and also by the ratio between hypocholesterolemic / hypercholesterolemic fatty acids. The orbital cavity tissue had the higher concentration amount of linoleic and α-linolenic acid, whereas the fillet had higher docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentration was: 1.28, 0.97, 1.71 mg g-1of total lipids, in the filet, in head, and in orbital cavity tissue,respectively. All essential fatty acids were detected in the three parts analyzed. The nutritional quality of the total lipids from the head and from the orbital cavity tissue was similar to the fillet.(AU)

Resumo

Roraima is a Brazilian state located in the northern portion of the Amazon basin, with few studies regarding its biodiversity. The Ecological Station of Maracá (Brazil, state of Roraima) harbors the third largest Brazilian pluvial island and is composed of a transitional landscape of savanna and Amazon rainforest components. Despite its ecological importance and strategic localization, few studies covered the dipterofauna of this locality. An updated checklist addressing 41 families of true flies (Diptera) occurring in Roraima is presented based on the literature and the specimens collected during a field expedition that occurred in 2015. This checklist brings several improvements such as new records of 165 taxa to the state of Roraima, 29 taxa to Brazil, and 259 morphotypes, mostly likely representing undescribed species.(AU)

Resumo

Macronyssid mites are ectoparasites of terrestrial vertebrates. We slide-mounted and re-examined mite material collected in a 1987-1989 expedition to Maracá Ecological Station, Roraima State, Brazil. The specimens were identified as Acanthonyssus proechimys Yunker and Saunders (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae), which were collected parasitizing a South American spiny rat, Proechimys sp. This represents the first record of Acanthonyssus in Brazil.(AU)

Os ácaros macronissídeos são ectoparasitas de vertebrados terrestres. Nós montamos e reexaminamos material de ácaros coletado em uma expedição entre 1987-1989 à Estação Ecológica de Maracá, Estado de Roraima, Brasil. Os espécimes foram identificados como Acanthonyssus proechimys Yunker e Saunders (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae), que haviam sido coletados parasitando um echimídeo sul-americano, Proechimys sp. Este é o primeiro registro de Acanthonyssus no Brasil.(AU)

Resumo

The three new species of Brazilian Euplocania are described and illustrated, two species belong in the amabilis species group (Euplocania maraca sp. nov. and Euplocania ufrr sp. nov.) and one species belong in the marginata species group (Euplocania macuxi sp. nov.). Information on species groups, species subgroups and distribution by Brazilian states is included for known species of Euplocania.(AU)

Resumo

Existem poucos estudos na região norte do Brasil a respeito do consumo de mel. Portanto nesta pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar a percepção da população quanto ao consumo de mel no Estado de Roraima. Foi elaborado e aplicado no ano de 2021, um questionário via online pelo site Survio, contendo 340 respondentes no total. Em relação ao perfil socioeducacional dos entrevistados, 43% (145/340) pertenciam à faixa etária de 21 - 30 anos, 65% (221/340) eram do sexo feminino e o ensino superior incompleto foi o nível de escolaridade com maior percentual de respondentes 39,4% (134/340). Quanto ao consumo constatou-se que 45% (153/340) dos entrevistados raramente consomem mel e quando questionado sobre os motivos que os levariam a deixar de consumir mel, o preço 35% (110/316) seguido de saúde 34% (107/316) foram os motivos com maiores números de respondentes. Para 77% (273/340) dos entrevistados o mel possui função de alimento. Com relação à propaganda, 75% (255/340) informaram que nunca viram propaganda de incentivo ao consumo de mel. A pesquisa demonstrou que o consumo de mel no Estado de Roraima apresenta baixa frequência, quando comparado com outros estados do país, como da região sul. Há a necessidade de incrementar melhorias nas ações de incentivo ao marketing, influenciando no aumento do consumo do mel, pois trata se de um importante produto de origem animal que deveria estar mais presente na mesa do consumidor, sempre considerando produtos de qualidade comprovada por meio dos serviços de inspeção, reduzindo riscos à saúde do consumidor.

There are few studies in the northern region of Brazil regarding honey consumption. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the perception of the population regarding the consumption of honey in the State of Roraima. An online questionnaire was prepared and applied in 2021 through the Survio website, containing 340 respondents in total. Regarding the socio-educational profile of the interviewees, 43% (145/340) belonged to the age group of 21 - 30 years, 65% (221/340) were female and incomplete higher education was the level of education with the highest percentage of respondents 39.4% (134/340). Regarding consumption, it was found that 45% (153/340) of respondents rarely consume honey and when asked about the reasons that would lead them to stop consuming honey, the price 35% (110/316) followed by health 34% (107 /316) were the reasons with the highest number of respondents. For 77% (273/340) of the interviewees, honey has a food function. Regarding advertising, 75% (255/340) reported that they had never seen advertising encouraging the consumption of honey. The research showed that the consumption of honey in the State of Roraima has a low frequency when compared to other states in the country, such as the southern region. There is a need to increase improvements in marketing incentive actions, influencing the increase in honey consumption, as it is an important product of animal origin that should be more present on the consumer's table, always considering products of proven quality through the inspection services, reducing risks to consumer health.

Resumo

Forest fires incorporate pyrogenic organic matter into the soil, affecting the characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM) due to its high aromaticity, increasing its renewal time. However, the factors that control the concentration of pyrogenic organic matter and its chemical composition and structure are still little known. Forest fragments dispersed in a savanna matrix of the northern Brazilian Amazon are frequently impacted by fires, which can affect the composition of SOM within the fragments. The aim of this study was to analyse the chemical composition of SOM in the border and interior of six forest fragments in the Roraima savanna, in the northern Brazilian Amazon. Soil samples were collected at 10-cm intervals up to 1 m in depth at the border and in the interior of each fragment. Soil organic material concentration was determined with 10% HF solution and its elemental composition, thermogravimetric index, and 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopic analysis were determined. There was no significant difference in the aromaticity index between border and interior. The concentration of alkyl C structures between border (22 to 25%) and interior (19 to 29%) indicated the occurrence of medium-intensity fires in the study area. The thermogravimetric analysis showed no significant difference in the thermal stability of SOM between border and interior. Our results showed no pronounced difference in SOM quality up to 1 m depth between the border and the interior of the evaluated forest fragments, indicating that this compartment is stable throughout the fragments.(AU)

Incêndios florestais incorporam matéria orgânica pirogênica ao solo, afetando as características da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS), devido a sua alta aromaticidade. Porém, os fatores que controlam a composição química e a estrutura da matéria orgânica pirogência ainda são pouco conhecidos. Fragmentos florestais dispersos em uma matriz de savana na Amazônia setentrional brasileira são freqüentemente impactados por incêndios, que podem afetar a composição da MOS nos fragmentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição química da MOS na borda e no interior de seis fragmentos florestais situados na savana de Roraima, norte da Amazônia brasileira. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em intervalos de 10 cm até 1 m de profundidade na borda e no interior de cada fragmento. A concentração da MOS foi determinada com solução de HF a 10% e sua composição elementar, índice termogravimétrico e análise espectroscópica de 13C CPMAS RMN foram determinados. Não houve diferença significativa no índice de aromaticidade entre borda e interior. A concentração de estruturas alquil C entre a borda (22 a 25%) e o interior (19 a 29%) indicou a ocorrência de incêndios de média intensidade na área de estudo. A análise termogravimétrica não mostrou diferença significativa na estabilidade térmica da matéria orgânica do solo entre a borda e o interior. Nossos resultados não mostraram diferença pronunciada na qualidade da MOS até 1 m de profundidade entre a borda e o interior dos fragmentos florestais avaliados, indicando que este compartimento é estável ao longo dos fragmentos.(AU)

Resumo

Scinax comprises 129 species of treefrogs divided between the S. ruber and the S. catharinae clades. The S. rostratus group belongs to the S. ruber clade, and comprises ten species characterized by having a dark interorbital triangular mark, tubercle on the heel and by vocalizing in a head-down position. Within this group, S. kennedyi and S. rostratus are similar in that they are the only species that do not possess a row of tubercles on the lower jaw. In spite of their morphological similarity, they can be distinguished from each other by male size and advertisement call traits. Scinax kennedyi was described from eastern Colombia, and occurs from central Colombia to western Venezuela, whereas S. rostratus was described from northern Venezuela, and is thought to occur from Panama to eastern Venezuela, and in the Brazilian state of Pará. A recent study reported a population identified as S. rostratus from the state of Roraima, in northern Brazil. However, this population presented substantial differences in male size and advertisement call in comparison to the described for this species, and apparently it best fits the diagnosis of S. kennedyi instead. In view of this, the present study aimed to clarify the identity of this Brazilian population through a reassessment of its specimens and call recordings, together with the examination of data of S. kennedyi from its type locality, and of S. rostratus from northern Venezuela. Acoustic and morphological analyses revealed that specimens from northern Brazil were indeed misidentified as S. rostratus, and hence they were herein reassigned to S. kennedyi. The study therefore demonstrates the occurrence of S. kennedyi in Brazil, extending its distribution ca. 1,120 km east by south from its type locality, and ca. 844 km east-southeast from its easternmost previous record. With this reassessment, a clearer acoustic diagnosis between S. kennedyi and S. rostratus was provided, as well as further data on fine-scale temporal traits of their calls.(AU)

Resumo

One of the main challenges faced bylettuce producers is the interference of weeds whichaffectscrop development and productivity.The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of programmed weeding on the growth and production of Lucy Brown American lettuce.The experiment was carried out between March and May 2017 at the Federal University of Roraima Cauamé campus, in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with six treatments, four replications and four lettuce plants per experimental unit. The treatments tested were as follows: 100% weed control (100% WC); weed control 5 days after transplanting (WC 5 DAT); weed control 10 days after transplanting (WC 10 DAT); weed control 15 days after transplanting (WC 15 DAT); weed control 20 days after transplanting (WC 20 DAT) and 100% without weed control (100% WWC). The following variables were evaluated: shootheight, stem height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, root length, shoot freshweight, total fresh weight, shoot dry weightand productivity. The ‘Lucy Brown’lettuce crop must be weed-freeafter 5 days of transplanting the seedlings to avoid productivitylosses. The lack of weed control in the cultivation of ‘Lucy Brown’ lettuce causes a 71.88% decrease in its productivity.

Um dos principais desafios enfrentados pelos produtores dealface é a interferência das plantas daninhas que afetam o desenvolvimento e produtividadedas culturas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a ocorrência de capinas programadas de plantas daninhas sobre o crescimento e a produção da cultura da alface americana Lucy Brown. O experimento foi desenvolvido entre os meses de março e maio de 2017, no Campus do Cauamé, da Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições com quatro plantas de alface por unidade experimental. Foram testados os tratamentos: 100% controle de plantas daninhas (100% CPD), controle de plantas daninhas 5 dias após transplantio (CPD 5 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 10 dias após transplantio (CPD10 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 15 dias após transplantio (CPD 15 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 20 dias após transplantio (CPD 20 DAT) e 100% sem controle de plantas daninhas (100% SCPD); sobre as variáveis: altura de planta, altura do caule, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, comprimento da folha, largura da folha, comprimento da raiz, massa fresca da parte área, massa fresca total da planta, massa seca da parte aérea e produtividade. A alface americana “Lucy Brown” deve estar sem convivênciadas plantas daninhas a partir dos 5 dias do transplantio das mudas para evitar perdas de rendimento. No cultivo da alface americana “Lucy Brown”, a ausência de controle das plantas daninhas causa decréscimo de 71,88% na sua produtividade.

Resumo

Green maize has great economic value, and the consumer market increasingly demands the production of ears for fresh consumption that are free from damage by pest attacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of varieties of AG1051 green maize and Roraima maize (ethnovariety Milhão) intercropped with dwarf grain sorghum, forage sorghum and millet in an environment of the Amazon savannah. We evaluated phytotechnical characteristics of the maize and damage from the leaf-footed bug (Leptoglossus zonatus). The experiment was set up in a 2 x 4 factorial randomised block design with four replications, where the two maize varieties corresponded to the first factor and four intercropping systems to the second factor. Regarding vegetative and reproductive components, Milhão had a longer cycle, greater plant growth and smaller stem diameter than AG1051, causing plant lodging. The intercropping systems had no influence on the production or quality of maize ears for any of the cultivars under study. Milhão did not differ from the AG1051 hybrid in any ear quality variable (ear length, number of grains per ear, cob diameter, ear weight and total number of ears). The AG1051 cultivar was preferred by L. zonatus, but had the highest yield of commercial ears. The intercropping systems had no influence on the damage caused by the leaf-footed bug.(AU)

O milho verde possui grande valor econômico, e o mercado consumidor exige cada vez mais a produção de espigas para consumo in natura livres de danos por ataques de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de variedades de milho verde AG1051 e milho Roraima (etnovariedade Milhão) consorciadas com sorgo granífero anão, sorgo forrageiro e milheto em ambiente da savana Amazônica. Avaliamos as características fitotécnicas do milho e os danos causados pelo percevejo pé-de-folha (Leptoglossus zonatus). O experimento foi instalado em um delineamento fatorial 2 x 4 de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, onde as duas variedades de milho corresponderam ao primeiro fator e quatro sistemas de consórcio ao segundo fator. Com referência aos componentes vegetativos e reprodutivos, o Milhão apresentou ciclo mais longo, maior crescimento de plantas e menor diâmetro do colmo que o AG1051, causando acamamento de plantas. Os sistemas de consórcio não influenciaram a produção ou qualidade de espigas de milho de nenhuma das cultivares em estudo. O Milhão não diferiu do híbrido AG1051 em nenhuma variável de qualidade da espiga (comprimento da espiga, número de grãos por espiga, diâmetro da espiga, massa da espiga e número total de espigas). A cultivar AG1051 foi a preferida pelo L. zonatus, mas apresentou maior produtividade de espigas comerciais. Os sistemas de consórcio não influenciaram os danos causados pelo percevejo pé-de-folha.(AU)

Resumo

We present new records for 42 species of longhorn beetles (Cerambycinae) in the Amazon Region, including the first report of Tomopteropsis cerdai Peñaherrera-Leiva & Tavakilian, 2003 in Brazil (Rondônia). New state records are provided for Amapá (one species), Amazonas (six species), Pará (one species), Rondônia (seven species), Roraima (13 species), and Acre (17 species). The new records expand the known distribution of the species and illustrate the important role played by inventories like the thematic network "Biodiversidade de Insetos na Amazônia" (Rede BIA) in helping us understand the biodiversity of the Amazon region.(AU)

Resumo

One of the main challenges faced bylettuce producers is the interference of weeds whichaffectscrop development and productivity.The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of programmed weeding on the growth and production of Lucy Brown American lettuce.The experiment was carried out between March and May 2017 at the Federal University of Roraima Cauamé campus, in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with six treatments, four replications and four lettuce plants per experimental unit. The treatments tested were as follows: 100% weed control (100% WC); weed control 5 days after transplanting (WC 5 DAT); weed control 10 days after transplanting (WC 10 DAT); weed control 15 days after transplanting (WC 15 DAT); weed control 20 days after transplanting (WC 20 DAT) and 100% without weed control (100% WWC). The following variables were evaluated: shootheight, stem height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, root length, shoot freshweight, total fresh weight, shoot dry weightand productivity. The 'Lucy Brown'lettuce crop must be weed-freeafter 5 days of transplanting the seedlings to avoid productivitylosses. The lack of weed control in the cultivation of 'Lucy Brown' lettuce causes a 71.88% decrease in its productivity.(AU)

Um dos principais desafios enfrentados pelos produtores dealface é a interferência das plantas daninhas que afetam o desenvolvimento e produtividadedas culturas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a ocorrência de capinas programadas de plantas daninhas sobre o crescimento e a produção da cultura da alface americana Lucy Brown. O experimento foi desenvolvido entre os meses de março e maio de 2017, no Campus do Cauamé, da Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições com quatro plantas de alface por unidade experimental. Foram testados os tratamentos: 100% controle de plantas daninhas (100% CPD), controle de plantas daninhas 5 dias após transplantio (CPD 5 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 10 dias após transplantio (CPD10 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 15 dias após transplantio (CPD 15 DAT), controle de plantas daninhas 20 dias após transplantio (CPD 20 DAT) e 100% sem controle de plantas daninhas (100% SCPD); sobre as variáveis: altura de planta, altura do caule, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, comprimento da folha, largura da folha, comprimento da raiz, massa fresca da parte área, massa fresca total da planta, massa seca da parte aérea e produtividade. A alface americana "Lucy Brown" deve estar sem convivênciadas plantas daninhas a partir dos 5 dias do transplantio das mudas para evitar perdas de rendimento. No cultivo da alface americana "Lucy Brown", a ausência de controle das plantas daninhas causa decréscimo de 71,88% na sua produtividade.(AU)

Resumo

Dairy farming in the state of Roraima, Brazil, is majorly supported by Holstein x Gir crossbred cattle, which are more adapted to the tropical climate and traditional production systems. However, there is a need to adapt the genetic groups to production systems and raise awareness of the importance of using visual phenotypic assessments as an auxiliary tool in obtaining and selecting animals. This study proposes to identify the frequency and characterize the phenotype of the » Hol + ¾ Gir; ⅜ Hol + ⅝ Gir; ½ Hol + ½ Gir; ⅝Hol + ⅜ Gir; ¾ Hol + » Gir; and ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir genetic groups of the Girolando breed in herds in the state of Roraima. Data were obtained from visual morphological evaluations to identify the genetic groups and characterize the phenotype of the animals from August 2016 to February 2017. According to the evaluations, the frequency distribution of the genetic groups was as follows: 210 (21.26%) of the » Hol + ¾ Gir group; 145 (14.68%) of the ⅜ Hol + ⅝ Gir group; 249 (25.20%) of the ½ Hol ½ Gir group; 166 (16.80%) of the ⅝ Hol + ⅜ Gir group; 126 (12.75%) of the ¾ Hol + » Gir group; and 92 (9.3%) of the ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir group. In the phenotypic evaluations, statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were detected in the ¾ Hol + » Gir genetic group for overall appearance (OA); in ⅝ Hol + ⅜ Gir and ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir for Body Capacity (BC); in ½ Hol + ½ Gir for Dairy Traits (DT); and in ¾ Hol + » Gir and ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir for Reproductive System and Feet-Leg Structure (RS/FL). The ½ Hol + ½ Gir genetic group was superior for BC, DT and RS/FL, being best classified as to the Girolando breed type and revealing better characterization and uniformity per selection process.

A pecuária leiteira do Estado de Roraima é sustentada por bovinos mestiços Holandês x Gir, animais mais adaptados ao clima tropical e aos sistemas de produção tradicionais. No entanto, existe a necessidade de adequação dos grupos genéticos aos sistemas de produção e de sensibilizar quanto à importância do uso de avaliações visuais fenotípicas como ferramenta de auxilio na obtenção e seleção dos animais. Os objetivos da pesquisa consistiram em identificar a frequência e caracterizar o fenótipo dos grupos genéticos » Hol + ¾ Gir, ⅜ Hol + ⅝ Gir, ½ Hol + ½ Gir, ⅝ Hol + ⅜ Gir, ¾ Hol + » Gir e ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir da raça Girolando nos rebanhos do Estado de Roraima. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de avaliações visuais morfológicas para identificar os grupos genéticos e caracterizar o fenótipo dos animais no período de agosto de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017. A distribuição da frequência dos grupos genéticos de acordo com as avaliações foi de: 210 (21,26%) do grupo » Hol + ¾ Gir; 145 (14,68%) do grupo ⅜ Hol + ⅝ Gir; 249 (25,20%) do grupo ½ Hol ½ Gir; 166 (16,80%) do grupo ⅝ Hol + ⅜ Gir; 126 (12,75%) do grupo ¾ Hol + » Gir e 92 (9,3%) do grupo ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir. Nas avaliações fenotípicas foram observadas diferenças estaticamente significativas (p<0,05) no grupo genético ¾ Hol + » Gir para Aparência Geral (AG), nos grupos genéticos ⅝ Hol + ⅜ Gir e ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir para Capacidade Corporal (CC), nogrupo ½ Hol + ½ Gir para Características Leiteiras (CL) e nos grupos ¾ Hol + » Gir e ⅞ Hol + ⅛ Gir para Aparelho Reprodutor e Aprumos (AR/A). O grupo genético ½ Hol + ½ Gir foi superior nas características Capacidade Corporal (CC), Características Leiteiras (CL) e Aparelho Reprodutor e Aprumos (AR/A), sendo melhores classificados quanto ao tipo da raça Girolando demonstrando melhor caracterização e uniformização por processo seletivo.

Resumo

As reações inflamatórias formadoras de abscessos são oriundas da utilização errônea de vacinas e/ou medicamentos. Os abscessos vacinais trazem preocupações a criadores e empresários do segmento de carnes e derivados, devido às grandes perdas econômicas causadas pelas rejeições das partes envolvidas na reação vacinal. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo mensurar perdas econômicas nas carcaças de bovinos abatidos na Região Norte do Brasil, ocasionadas por abscessos vacinais. O estudo foi realizado em um abatedouro frigorífico no município de Iranduba/AM, sendo avaliadas 20.909 carcaças, oriundas de bovinos dos estados do Amazonas, Roraima e Pará. Para a avaliação das perdas causadas por lesões vacinais em carcaças bovinas foi realizada a coleta e pesagem da porção comprometida. Um total de 20.399 bovinos apresentaram abscessos vacinais, sendo 15.678 machos e 4.721 fêmeas, demonstrando um percentual geral de 97,56% de carcaças com lesões vacinais, o que gerou um descarte de 7.673,4 kg de tecido muscular. As massas cárneas retiradas das carcaças em razão da formação de abscessos por reação vacinal resultaram em cerca de 551,56 arrobas, totalizando R$ 96.429,06 (US$ 18,907.65) na cotação da arroba comercializada na Região Norte do Brasil em 28 março de 2020, comprovando a necessidade premente de aperfeiçoamento no manejo sanitário dos bovinos com o desenvolvimento de vacinas...

Inflammatory reactions which form abscesses are usually caused by the incorrect use of vaccines and / or medications. Vaccine abscesses raise concerns for breeders and meat industry, due to the great economic losses caused by the meat rejections involved in the vaccine reaction. In this study, we aimed to evaluate economic losses in the carcasses of cattle slaughtered in the Northern Region of Brazil, caused by vaccine abscesses. The study was carried out in a slaughterhouse in the municipality of Iranduba / AM, and 20,909 carcasses from cattle in the states of Amazonas, Roraima and Pará were evaluated. for the compromised portion. A total of 20,399 cattle showed vaccine abscesses, 15,678 males and 4,721 females, showing a general percentage of 97.56% of carcasses with vaccine lesions, which generated a disposal of 7,673.4 kg of muscle tissue. The meat masses removed from the carcasses due to the formation of vaccine abscesses resulted in losses of US$ 18,907.65, referred to the meat price sold in the Northern Region of Brazil (March 28, 2020), proving the urgent need for improvement in the sanitary management of cattle with the development of vaccines and medicines that conciliate efficacy and innocuousness, minimizing the side effects of the cattle.

Resumo

Belostomatidae is a family of giant water bugs with 52 valid species in Brazil. Here, we list 33 valid species housed in the Invertebrates Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Manaus, Brazil. Of the total species examined, 26 had their distributional ranges increased (new records provided in parentheses): Belostoma amazonum Estévez & Polhemus (Mato Grosso and Roraima); B. aurivillianum (Montandon) (Rondônia); B. bosqi De Carlo (Maranhão); B. candidulum Montandon (Mato Grosso do Sul); B. carajaensis Ribeiro & Estévez (Amazonas); B. dallasi De Carlo (Bahia and Pará); B. dentatum (Mayr) (Roraima); B. denticolle Montandon (Roraima); B. dilatatum (Dufour) (Maranhão); B. discretum Montandon (Rio Grande do Sul); B. elongatum Montandon (Paraná); B. estevezae Ribeiro & Alecrim (Amazonas); B. fittkaui De Carlo (Roraima); B. gestroi Montandon (Pará); B. guianae Lauck (Brazil, in Roraima); B. micantulum (Stål) (Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Rondônia and Roraima); B. minusculum (Uhler) (Brazil, in Amazonas, Pará and Rio Grande do Norte); B. parvum Estévez & Polhemus (Amazonas and Roraima); B. plebejum (Stål) (Roraima); B. pygmeum (Dufour) (Pará); B. ribeiroi De Carlo (Mato Grosso do Sul); B. stollii (Amyot & Serville) (Roraima); Horvathinia pelocoroides Montandon (Rondônia); Lethocerus annulipes (Herrich-Schaeffer) (Maranhão, Paraíba and Paraná); L. delpontei De Carlo (Amazonas and Pará) and L. maximus De Carlo (Acre, Amapá, Amazonas and Roraima). In addition, we provide a list of type and non-type specimens of Belostomatidae from INPA’s collection identified to the species level, photographs of these species and relevant taxonomic notes, when available.