Enxerto cutâneo em semeadura associado à malha não aderente em membro pélvico de um cão / Island skin graft associated with non-adherent mesh in a dog's pelvic limb

Background: Large skin defects are caused by tumor excision, making appropriate reconstruction and complete healingof the lesion a challenge for surgeons. There are some difficulties in reaching these goals, especially in cases of surgicalwound in the limbs, due to the scarce amount of skin and its reduced elasticity, which limit the possibility of flaps whencompared to the head, neck, and trunk. This study reports a case of wound closure on the lateral skin in the femoral regionof a dog’s pelvic limb via island skin graft associated with the implantation of a non-adherent cellulose acetate mesh andintensive postoperative care.Case: An 8-year-old Rottweiler female dog was attended at Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná’s Veterinary Clinic(CVE) in Curitiba, Paraná, presenting a tumor located laterocaudally to the right stifle joint. After preoperative examinations the patient underwent tumor surgery; however, two more surgical procedures were required due to suture dehiscence in the region, which resulted in increased wound size. At first, the wound was treated for granulation tissue to beformed. Subsequently, the island skin grafting technique was chosen to close the wound, associated with the implantationof a non-adherent cellulose acetate mesh imbibed with petrolatum emulsion to keep the grafted fragments in place. Themesh was fixed in a simple interrupted suture pattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The lateral regions of the chest and abdomen were chosen as donor skin beds due to their large dimensions, skin elasticity, and ease in defect reconstruction. Thefragments were obtained using a 10-mm biopsy punch and scalpel, and the defects were sutured in a simple interruptedpattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The patient remained hospitalized for movement restriction and postoperative monitoringfor 72 h, and the bandage remained untouched during this time interval. Thereafter, the patient...

Enxerto cutâneo em semeadura associado à malha não aderente em membro pélvico de um cão / Island skin graft associated with non-adherent mesh in a dog's pelvic limb

Background: Large skin defects are caused by tumor excision, making appropriate reconstruction and complete healingof the lesion a challenge for surgeons. There are some difficulties in reaching these goals, especially in cases of surgicalwound in the limbs, due to the scarce amount of skin and its reduced elasticity, which limit the possibility of flaps whencompared to the head, neck, and trunk. This study reports a case of wound closure on the lateral skin in the femoral regionof a dogs pelvic limb via island skin graft associated with the implantation of a non-adherent cellulose acetate mesh andintensive postoperative care.Case: An 8-year-old Rottweiler female dog was attended at Pontifical Catholic University of Paranás Veterinary Clinic(CVE) in Curitiba, Paraná, presenting a tumor located laterocaudally to the right stifle joint. After preoperative examinations the patient underwent tumor surgery; however, two more surgical procedures were required due to suture dehiscence in the region, which resulted in increased wound size. At first, the wound was treated for granulation tissue to beformed. Subsequently, the island skin grafting technique was chosen to close the wound, associated with the implantationof a non-adherent cellulose acetate mesh imbibed with petrolatum emulsion to keep the grafted fragments in place. Themesh was fixed in a simple interrupted suture pattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The lateral regions of the chest and abdomen were chosen as donor skin beds due to their large dimensions, skin elasticity, and ease in defect reconstruction. Thefragments were obtained using a 10-mm biopsy punch and scalpel, and the defects were sutured in a simple interruptedpattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The patient remained hospitalized for movement restriction and postoperative monitoringfor 72 h, and the bandage remained untouched during this time interval. Thereafter, the patient...(AU)

Hernioplastia com aplicação de tela por laparoscopia em equino com hérnia incisional / Hernioplasty with laparoscopy mesh application in equine with incisional hernia

Background: Incisional hernia in the midline can be a consequence of abdominal surgeries, which incidence is around5.7-18%. Surgical indication occurs in cases of large hernias, and the most common techniques used involve the closingof the musculature in a primary way, with sutures, and the implantation of a mesh on the abdominal wall. Laparoscopichernioplasty emerged as a less invasive option, showing superiority when compared with open surgical techniques in human medicine, however there are few reports describing this technique in equines. So, the aim of this paper is to report acase of hernioplasty, using laparoscopic mesh, in a horse with midline incisional hernia.Case: A 13-year-old castrated male Brasileiro de Hipismo horse, weighing 415 kg, practitioner of classic equestrian, presented an incisional hernia after 14 days from an exploratory laparotomy surgery realized to treat colic syndrome. After 6months, the patient was referred to a Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital for the correction of the defect in the abdominal wall. During palpation, the animal did not present local pain or other sign of inflammation, and the hernia measuredapproximately 20 cm in diameter. The animal was submitted to general anesthesia and placed in dorsal decubitus for thehernioplasty surgical procedure. An incision was made in cranial region of the midline, close to the xiphoid to introduce asingle port; the abdomen was inflated with CO2 gas (12 mmHg) and the operating table was tilted in order to displace theorgans cranially, facilitating the laparoscopic procedure. The abdomen was inspected and the presence of a single adherence could be observed, which was disrupted with endoscopic forceps. The mesh was introduced through the single port...

Hernioplastia com aplicação de tela por laparoscopia em equino com hérnia incisional / Hernioplasty with laparoscopy mesh application in equine with incisional hernia

Background: Incisional hernia in the midline can be a consequence of abdominal surgeries, which incidence is around5.7-18%. Surgical indication occurs in cases of large hernias, and the most common techniques used involve the closingof the musculature in a primary way, with sutures, and the implantation of a mesh on the abdominal wall. Laparoscopichernioplasty emerged as a less invasive option, showing superiority when compared with open surgical techniques in human medicine, however there are few reports describing this technique in equines. So, the aim of this paper is to report acase of hernioplasty, using laparoscopic mesh, in a horse with midline incisional hernia.Case: A 13-year-old castrated male Brasileiro de Hipismo horse, weighing 415 kg, practitioner of classic equestrian, presented an incisional hernia after 14 days from an exploratory laparotomy surgery realized to treat colic syndrome. After 6months, the patient was referred to a Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital for the correction of the defect in the abdominal wall. During palpation, the animal did not present local pain or other sign of inflammation, and the hernia measuredapproximately 20 cm in diameter. The animal was submitted to general anesthesia and placed in dorsal decubitus for thehernioplasty surgical procedure. An incision was made in cranial region of the midline, close to the xiphoid to introduce asingle port; the abdomen was inflated with CO2 gas (12 mmHg) and the operating table was tilted in order to displace theorgans cranially, facilitating the laparoscopic procedure. The abdomen was inspected and the presence of a single adherence could be observed, which was disrupted with endoscopic forceps. The mesh was introduced through the single port...(AU)

Experimental evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesions comparing two different intraperitoneal meshes and the effect of a natural anti-inflammatory product on their formation

Purpose: In laparoscopic incisional hernia repair, meshes with a tissue-separating barrier are positioned intraperitoneally. Despite this property, the close contact between mesh and viscera involves a risk of adhesion formation. Some natural products, such as red propolis (RP), could reduce these adhesions owing to their anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to compare two different intraperitoneal meshes with respect to their characteristics of adhesion formation, histological findings and evaluate the role of RP in the development of these adhesions. Methods: 40 Wistar rats received placement of two different meshes (Symbotex and Dynamesh IPOM) on peritoneum. The animals were divided into two groups: control group (mesh) and treatment group (mesh and RP). After 7 and 14 days, 20 animals of each group underwent midline laparotomy to determine the adhesions and histological characteristics. Results: Out of the 40 animals, there were two deaths in the test group and two in the control group. All animals in both groups developed adherence to the mesh. At postoperative day (POD) 7, two Symbotex meshes presented firm adhesions and at POD 14, two Dynamesh meshes had firm adhesions as well. The comparison between the meshes under the effect of RP in relation to the control group showed no statistical difference. Conclusions: Both meshes showed intraperitoneal adhesions in all evaluated samples with similar results on the characteristics of adhesions. RP showed no effect on the incidence or gradation of intraperitoneal adhesions with the mesh.(AU)

Effects of nitrofurazone on correction of abdominal wall defect treated with polypropylene mesh involved by fibrous tissue

To evaluate the effects of nitrofurazone on the correction of abdominal wall defect treated with polypropylene mesh involved by fibrous tissue in rats. METHODS: A defect in the abdominal wall was created and corrected with polypropylene mesh in 20 rats. They were randomly distributed into four groups: control, fibrous mesh, nitrofurazone and nitrofurazone dip in the mesh. Euthanasia was performed in 21 post-operative days. The healing process was analyzed regarding the meshes and macroscopic and microscopic aspects. RESULTS: All animals had adhesions. However, no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) when compared between groups. Similarly microscopic analysis, in which there was no statistical significance level for the evaluated parameters such as mono and polymorphonuclear lymphocytes, granuloma, fibrosis, necrosis and collagen proliferation. CONCLUSION: There was no significant effect on the abdominal wall defect repair with polypropylene mesh surrounded by fibrous tissue when dipped in nitrofurazone 2%.(AU)

AVALIAÇÃO MACRO E MICROSCÓPICA DA MEMBRANA AMNIÓTICA EQUINA, TRATADA COM DODECIL SULFATO DE SÓDIO 0,01% E PRESERVADA EM GLICERINA 98%, USADA COMO ENXERTO EM SUBSTITUIÇÃO À PAREDE ABDOMINAL DE RATOS WISTAR

Os procedimentos de reconstrução de parede abdominal são importantes na rotina cirúrgica de pequenos animais e, apesar da sua baixa casuística, normalmente são realizados por consequência de traumas ou neoplasias. O material ideal a ser utilizado permanece sem unanimidade e sua busca é constante. Diversos materiais de origem sintética e biológica são pesquisados, apresentando prós e contras. Entretanto, a maior utilização aparenta ser a malha de polipropileno. Em contrapartida, a membrana amniótica é estudada atualmente, demostrando melhor aceitação dos pacientes, assim como menor reatividade. Junto às boas informações sobre a membrana amniótica, se tem estudado processos de decelularização de tecidos como técnicas de bioengenharia tecidual, o qual criam-se materiais imunologicamente compatíveis, aumentando sua biocompatibilidade, com melhor resposta cicatricial e menor inflamação do hospedeiro no período pós-operatório. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar macro e microscopicamente a membrana amniótica equina mantida em meio de preservação tradicional (glicerina 98%) e tratada com solução utilizada para decelularização, em baixa concentração (detergente Dodecil Sulfato de Sódio Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate SDS 0,01%), a fim de mensurar possíveis diferenças de resultados apresentados pelos hospedeiros. Foram formados dois grupos (grupo I e grupo II) contendo 15 animais em cada. Os animais do grupo I receberam a membrana amniótica tratada com SDS 0,01%, assim como os animais do grupo II receberam a membrana preservada em glicerina 98%. Cada grupo foi dividido em três subgrupos, contendo cinco animais em cada. O primeiro subgrupo foi avaliado aos sete dias de pós-cirúrgico (M1), o segundo aos 20 dias (M2), e o terceiro aos 40 dias (M3). Após anestesia geral, segmento de aproximadamente 2,0cm x 1,5cm foi retirado da parede abdominal de cada rato, para criação de defeito abdominal, e substituído pelo material a ser avaliado, suturado com fio náilon 5-0 em padrão simples interrompido, seguido 13 de sutura cutânea em U horizontal com fio náilon 4-0. Informações macro e microscópicas foram coletadas e analisadas estatisticamente. As avaliações macroscópicas não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos, mostrando bons resultados quanto a prevenção das aderências viscerais ao implante. A avaliação microscópica mostrou diferença importante de contagem celular no terceiro momento de avaliação (M3) entre os grupos, sendo que o grupo I apresentou menor intensidade de células inflamatórias em comparação ao grupo II (p=0,002973). A eficiência do detergente SDS 0,01% não foi boa, devido manutenção de conteúdo nuclear ao avaliar o material em lâminas histológicas. Pode-se concluir com o presente estudo que, a membrana amniótica equina pode ser utilizada para reconstrução de parede abdominal em ratos Wistar, pois, mostrou bom resultado, não causando aderências viscerais e, consequentemente, sem comprometimento de quaisquer funções. O grupo I mostrou importante queda na contagem celular em comparação ao grupo II, levantando a hipótese de possível efeito do tratamento com SDS 0,01%. Porém, a total eficiência para decelularização avaliada ao final, não foi boa, sugerindo melhores abordagens aos protocolos de decelularização, aumentando a concentração da substância, o tempo de tratamento, assim como a associação com outras técnicas para melhor efetividade na total remoção do conteúdo celular da membrana amniótica equina.

Abdominal wall reconstruction procedures are important in the surgical routine of small animals and, despite their low casuistry, are usually performed as a consequence of traumas or neoplasias. There is no unanimity as to the ideal material to be used in these procedures and, therefore, their demand is constant. Several materials, both of synthetic and biological origin, were and are researched nowadays, presenting advantages and disadvantages in its use. The preference, however, appears to be the polypropylene mesh. On the other hand, the amniotic membrane, currently studied, has demonstrated better patient acceptance as well as lower reactivity. In addition to the good information about the amniotic membrane, tissular decellularization processes have been studied as tissue bioengineering techniques, in which immunologically compatible materials are created, increasing their biocompatibility, with better cicatricial response and less inflammation of the host in the postoperative period. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the equine amniotic membrane maintained in a traditional preservation medium (glycerin 98%) and treated with a low concentration decellularization solution (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate detergent - SDS 0,01%), in order to measure possible differences of results presented by the hosts. Two groups were formed (group I and group II) containing 15 animals each. The animals in group I received the amniotic membrane treated with SDS 0,01% while the animals in group II received the membrane preserved in glycerin 98%. Each group was divided into three subgroups, each containing five animals. The first subgroup (from each group) was evaluated at seven days postoperative (M1), second at 20 days (M2), and third at 40 days (M3). After a general anesthesia, a segment of approximately 2,0cm x 1,5cm was removed from the abdominal wall of each animal, to create abdominal defect, and replaced by the material to be evaluated, sutured with 5-0 nylon thread in a simple interrupted pattern, followed by horizontal U shaped skin suture 15 with 4-0 nylon thread. Macro and microscopic information were collected and analyzed statistically. The macroscopic evaluations did not present statistical differences between the groups, showing good results regarding the prevention of the visceral adhesions to the implant. Microscopic evaluation showed a significant difference in cell counts in the third evaluation period (M3) between groups, and group I presented lower inflammatory cell intensity compared to group II (p=0,002973). The efficiency of the SDS detergent 0,01% was not good, due to the maintenance of nuclear content, verified when evaluating the material in histological slides. It is concluded with the present study that equine amniotic membrane can be used for abdominal wall reconstruction in Wistar rats, demonstrating good results in not causing visceral adhesions and without compromising any functions. Group I showed an important decrease in the cell count in comparison to group II, raising the hypothesis of possible treatment effect with SDS 0,01%. However, the efficiency for the total decellularization evaluated at the end was not good, suggesting that there are better approaches within the decellularization protocols, such as increasing the concentration of the substance, the time of treatment, and the association with other techniques for better effectiveness in the total removal of the cellular contents of the equine amniotic membrane.

Evaluation of peritoneal adhesions formation and tissue response to polypropylene - poli (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-(polyHEMA) implant on rats' abdominal wall / Avaliação da formação de aderências peritoneais e da resposta tecidual ao implante de poli (2-hidroxietil dimetacrilato)-(poliHEMA) na parede abdominal de ratos

PURPOSE: To verify if the composit poli (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-PolyHEMA/polypropylene mesh implanted in the female rat's abdominal wall could be suitable for the prevention of peritoneal adhesions, and for the evaluation of the tecidual response produced by this biomaterial. METHODS: Polypropylene meshes (Group PP, n=20) and polypropylene meshes coated with a layer of poli (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-PolyHEMA (Group PH, n=20) were implanted on the abdominal wall of Wistar female rats. Ten animals from each group were submitted to euthanasia at 15 and 30 days of the postoperative period. RESULTS: The animals from the group PP presented visceral adhesions on the mesh surface, which was not observed in the ones from group PH. At the histopathological examination foreign body response was observed in both groups, whilst there was a greater intensity of inflammatory response in group PH on both moments. CONCLUSION: The poli (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) polyHEMA hydrogel associated to polypropylene mesh reduces visceral adhesion formation in rats, although it may be associated to greater inflammatory reaction.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Verificar se compósito poli 2-hidroxietil dimetacrilato (PoliHEMA) / tela de polipropileno implantado na parede abdominal de ratas seria adequado para prevenção de aderências peritoneais e avaliar a resposta tecidual desencadeada por este biomaterial. MÉTODOS: Foram implantadas telas de polipropileno - Grupo PP (n=20) e telas de polipropileno revestidas por uma camada de poli 2 (hidroxietil dimetacrilato)-PolyHEMA - Grupo PH (n=20) na parede abdominal de ratas da linhagem Wistar. Dez animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia aos 15 e 30 dias de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Os animais do grupo PP apresentaram aderências viscerais na superfície da tela, o que não foi observado nos do grupo PH. Observou-se no exame histopatológico resposta tipo corpo estranho nos dois grupos sendo que no grupo PH houve maior intensidade de resposta inflamatória nos dois momentos. CONCLUSÃO: O hidrogel de poliHEMA quando associado à tela de polipropileno reduz a formação de aderências viscerais em ratos, embora possa estar associado à reação inflamatória mais intensa.(AU)

Polylactic acid film versus acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa mesh in peritoneal adhesion formation in rats / Filme ácido poli-lático versus tela de submucosa intestinal suína na formação de aderências peritoneais em ratos

PURPOSE: To assess intraperitoneal adhesion formation in rats after the single implantation of intraperitoneal polypropylene mesh versus SIS mesh, and the effect of PAF as a polypropylene mesh barrier. METHODS: A total of 55 albino rats randomized into three groups were assessed. The type of adhesions, the percentage of mash covered with adhesions, and the rupture strength of the adhesions were evaluated. RESULTS: The type 2 and 3 adhesions were more frequent in group 1 (polypropylene mesh) and group 3 (Polypropylene+PAF), while type 0 and 1 adhesions were more frequent in group 2 (SIS). The mean rupture strength was 1,58 N (±0,719N) in group 1, 0,42 N (±0,432N) in group 2 and 1,23 N (±0,432N) in group 3. Over 50% of the mash was covered with adhesions in 12 (80%) cases of the group 1, in 4 (20%) cases of the group 2 and in 16 (84,2%) cases of the group 3. Group 2 differed significantly (p<0.001) from the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of intraperitoneal polypropylene mesh yielded higher rates of adhesion and the use of PAF as a mesh barrier didn't reduced the rates of adhesion. SIS mesh implantation revealed lower rates of peritoneal adhesions.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a formação de aderência intraperitoneal em ratos após o implante peritoneal da tela de polipropileno comparada à tela de SIS, e o efeito do PAF como barreira anti-aderente à tela de polipropileno. MÉTODOS: 55 ratos albinos foram randomizados em três grupos. O tipo de aderência, o percentual de tela coberta por aderência, e a força de rupturas das aderências foram avaliadas. RESULTADOS: Os tipos de aderência 2 e 3 foram mais freqüentes no grupo 1 (polipropileno) e no grupo 3 (polipropileno+PAF); as do tipo 0 e 1 foram mais freqüentes no grupo 2 (SIS). A força media de ruptura foi de 1,58N (±0,719N) no grupo 1, 0,42N (±0,432N) no grupo 2 e 1,23N (±0,432N) no grupo3. Mais de 50% da tela estava coberta por aderências em 12 (80%) casos do grupo 1, em 4 (20%) casos do grupo 2 e em 16 (84,2%) casos do grupo 3. O grupo 2 foi significativamente diferente (p<0.001) dos outros grupos. CONCLUSÕES: O uso intraperitoneal da tela de polipropileno levou a elevados índices de aderência, e o uso de PAF como barreira anti-aderente não reduziu os índices de aderência. O implante intraperitoneal de SIS revelou índices baixos de aderências peritoneais.(AU)

The optical analysis of the abdominal wall using the biospeckle after implants of polypropylene mesh in rats / Análise ótica da parede abdominal pelo biospeckle após implante de prótese de polipropileno em ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate an experimental animal model to study the abdominal tissue activity considering its interaction with a polypropylene mesh, through the use of one of the optical phenomena of light Laser, the biospeckle. METHODS: Fifty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1: ten animals not submitted to surgery; Group 2: ten animals submitted to surgery without polypropylene mesh; Group 3: 20 animals submitted to surgery followed by the mesh placement; Group 4: (sham) with ten animals. None of the animals presented post surgical complications being submitted to the optical tests at the 20th postoperative day. RESULTS: The analysis from the biospeckle tests, comparing the medians and standard deviations with T Student test, indicated that no significative difference was observed on the abdominal wall tissue activity in the four groups considered, with and without polypropylene mesh prosthesis implantation. CONCLUSION: The animal model is viable and the biospeckle open ways for a great number of experiments to be developed in evaluating tissue activity.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o modelo experimental animal para o estudo da atividade tecidual da parede abdominal em sua interação com a prótese de polipropileno, através da utilização de um dos fenômenos ópticos da luz Laser, o biospeckle. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 50 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 com 10 animais não operados e controles; Grupo 2 com 10 animais submetidos a cirurgia sem a colocação de prótese; Grupo 3 com 20 animais submetidos a cirurgia com colocação de prótese de polipropileno pré-peritonial; Grupo 4 (Sham) com 10 animais. Nenhum animal apresentou complicações pós-operatórias, sendo que no 20º PO foram submetidos ao ensaio óptico. RESULTADOS: A comparação das médias e o desvio padrão das medidas da atividade tecidual da parede abdominal, com e sem implantação da prótese de polipropileno obtidas dos grupos de animais, pelo teste T de Student, não evidenciou diferença estatística significativa (p>0.05). CONCLUSÃO: A análise dos dados obtidos permitiu concluir que o modelo animal é viável e que o biospeckle abre caminhos para toda uma linha de experimentos a ser desenvolvida em avaliar atividade tecidual.(AU)

Experimental study comparing the tensile strength of different surgical meshes following aponeurotic-muscle deformity synthesis on Wistar rats / Estudo experimental comparando a resistência tênsil de diferentes tipos de telas cirúrgicas após síntese de defeito músculo-aponeurótico em ratos Wistar

PURPOSE: To assess the tensile strength of polypropylene and polypropylene associated with polyglactin meshes (Vypro II® - Ethicon®, Somerville, NJ, USA) in a situation of partial separation of abdominal muscle aponeurosis on rats. METHODS: Thirty rats were used of the Wistar strain, which were randomized into two groups of 15 specimens each. In both groups an aponeurotic-muscle deformity was created on the abdominal wall measuring 3.0 x 1.0 cm, which was closed with polypropylene mesh (polypropylene group) or Vypro® mesh (vypro group). After 28 days the rats underwent euthanasia and an area was removed from the abdominal wall with which a strip was made measuring 2.0 cm in length and 6.0 cm in width comprising the abdominal muscles with the implanted mesh. This sample was placed in a mechanical test machine in which a constant force was applied contrary to the tissue strips. Maximum force expressed in Newton was considered until full rupture of the sample occurred. The non-parametric Kruskal - Wallis test was used for statistical analysis admitting p<0.05. RESULTS: Out of the thirty animals, there were two deaths in the vypro group and one unit in the polypropylene group was lost. One animal in the polypropylene group developed hernia during the study and another one developed granuloma of the abdominal wall. All animals in both groups developed epiplon adherence to the mesh. The average force was 48.08 N for the polypropylene group and 45.32 for the vypro® group. CONCLUSION: In these experimental conditions it could be observed that there is no statistically significant difference in the rupture force of the polypropylene and Vypro® meshes (p=0.54).(AU)

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a resistência tênsil das telas de polipropileno e polipropileno associado à poliglactina (Vypro II® - Ethicon®, Somerville, NJ, USA) em situação de afastamento parcial da aponeurose dos músculos abdominais em ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados trinta ratos da linhagem Wistar randomizados em dois grupos de quinze exemplares cada um. Em ambos os grupos criou-se um defeito músculo-aponeurótico na parede abdominal medindo 3,0 x 1,0 cm que foi fechado com tela de polipropileno (grupo polipropileno) ou Vypro® (grupo vypro). Após 28 dias, foi feita a eutanásia e retirou-se uma área da parede abdominal com a qual fez-se uma tira medindo 2,0 cm de comprimento por 6,0 cm de largura englobando os músculos abdominais com a tela implantada. Essa amostra foi presa em máquina de ensaios mecânicos na qual se aplicou força constante contrária às tiras de tecido. Foi considerada a força máxima expressa em Newton até ocorrer a ruptura total da amostra. Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se teste não paramétrico de Kruskal - Wallis admitindo-se p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram dois óbitos do grupo vypro e uma unidade do grupo polipropileno foi perdida no teste mecânico. Um animal do grupo polipropileno desenvolveu hérnia durante o período do estudo e outro desenvolveu um granuloma de parede abdominal. Todos os animais de ambos os grupos desenvolveram aderência de epíplon à tela. A média das forças foi de 48.08 N para o grupo polipropileno e 45.32 N para o grupo vypro®. CONCLUSÃO: A tela de polipropileno apresentou uma força média de resistência à tração maior quando comparada com a de Vypro® nessas condições experimentais.(AU)

Comparação entre a colopexia laparoscópica com pericárdio bovino conservado em glicerina em cães com a técnica incisional por celiotomia / Comparative study between laparoscopic colopexy with bovine pericardium preserved in glycerol and incisional approach by celiotomy in dogs

Procurou-se verificar a viabilidade da colopexia laparoscópica com o emprego de pericárdio bovino conservado em glicerina e testar seus resultados em relação ao procedimento incisional por celiotomia em 20 cães, separados em dois grupos com igual número de animais. A técnica laparoscópica envolveu a realização de duas incisões paralelas no músculo transverso abdominal, sob o qual foi posicionado um retalho da membrana conservada, que envolveu completamente o cólon descendente. Com a aplicação de dois clipes que uniram as bordas do pericárdio e com a sua fixação às camadas serosa e muscular do cólon, promoveu-se a aproximação do órgão à parede abdominal. Vinte e oito dias após, por ocasião do exame laparoscópico, verificou-se que todos os pacientes do grupo da celiotomia mantiveram a aderência do cólon, situação que não foi observada nos animais submetidos à cirurgia laparoscópica. Conclui-se que a técnica proposta não possibilita colopexia permanente, sendo contra-indicada para cães(AU)

The laparoscopic colopexy with bovine pericardium preserved in glycerol was compared to incisional approach by celiotomy. Twenty mongrel dogs were used after being separated in two groups. In the laparoscopic surgery, two incisions were made on the transverse abdominal muscles, and the implant was positioned through the muscle flap, involving the bowel. Finally, the extremities of the mesh were clipped. Twenty-eight days after this surgery, the experimental animals were submitted to a new laparoscopic surgery, now aiming at observing the results of both techniques. All patients of the celiotomy group maintained the colopexy. However, none of the animals submitted to the laparoscopic surgery maintained the bowel fixation. The proposed technique is not indicated to promote colopexy in dogs(AU)

The role of bovine preserved peritoneum in rats ventral hernia: a histological evaluation / Aspectos histológicos do uso do peritônio bovino conservado na correção de hérnia ventral em ratos

PURPOSE: To assess the role of preserved bovine parietal peritoneum as a material for hernia repair in a rat ventral hernia model. METHODS: An abdominal wall defect (15mm x 25mm) was created in Wistar male rats (n=40). Control animals (n=20) had the polypropylene (PP) mesh sutured into the defect, whereas bovine preserved peritoneum (BPP) was used in experimental group (n=20). After 7 and 28 days, the abdominal wall was taken off and histological studies of the amount of collagen by Sirius Red stain and morphometric evaluation consisted in quantitative analysis of the collagen by using specific software (Imagelab®). The Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests were applied for statistical analysis (pd"0.05). RESULTS: Histological examination revealed no difference between the BPP and PP groups (p = 0.55 NS). CONCLUSION: BPP is suitable for the closure of ventral hernias in rat model as shown by its morphological properties.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Estudar os aspectos histológicos do uso de uma prótese de peritônio bovino na correção de hérnia ventral em um modelo animal de doença. MÉTODOS: Utilizando 40 ratos machos Wistar, comparou-se o implante do peritônio bovino com a tela de polipropileno na correção de um defeito provocado na parede abdominal do animal. Após 7 (sub-grupo A) e 28 (sub-grupo B) dias de observação, as peças foram retiradas e procedeu-se o estudo histológico através da quantificação de colágeno pelo método de captação e processamento digital de imagens, sob a coloração do Sirius Red. Os testes de Mann-Whitney, de Kruskal-Wallis e ANOVA foram utilizados e estabeleceu-se em 0,05 o nível para rejeição da hipótese de nulidade (pd"0.05). RESULTADOS: A quantificação do colágeno na interface do implante mostrou equivalência entre os grupos Peritônio e Polipropileno (p=0,55 NS). CONCLUSÃO: O peritônio parietal bovino apresentou infiltração de tecido fibrocolágeno semelhante a da tela de polipropileno na correção de hérnia ventral em ratos.(AU)