Resumo
The samples were taken from 106 cows with various-looking lesions on their teats and ranged in age from 2 to 8 years. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen (Ag) positive for the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) was found in 59 (55.7%) blood serum samples. PCR using FAP59/64 primers was positive for 24 (22.6%) samples. BPV-2 (40, 37.7%), BPV-6 (28, 26.4%), BPV-8 (30, 28.3%), BPV-9 (36, 34%), BPV-10 (32, 30.3%), and BPV-12 (22, 20.8%) were found in a PCR type-specific analysis of single and mixed type teat warts. The highest positivity was observed in BPV-2, BPV-9 and BPV-10 in flat and round forms, BPV-6, BPV-10, BPV-12, and mixed types in rice grain-cauliflower forms, BPV-9 and mixed types in filiform in the distribution of types based on the macroscopic appearance of teat lesions. As for the distribution of BPV types according to age, the most BPV-2 types were found in the age group of two years, the most BPV-10 types in the age group of three years, the most BPV-9 types in the age group of four years, the most BPV-8+BPV-12 types in the age group of five years, and the most mixed types between the ages of six and eight years. The existence of the virus was then checked using electron microscopy on the chosen samples (at least one investigation was conducted), and it was positively identified using BPV type-specific primers. The authors concluded that BPV detection using an ELISA (Ag) test from blood serum samples was shown to be less sensitive than BPV type-specific PCR from wart samples.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Bovinos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Papillomavirus Bovino 1/isolamento & purificação , Verrugas/veterinária , Doenças dos BovinosResumo
ABSTRACT: It is reported the occurrence of enzootic hematuria (EH) in buffaloes in Brazil after performing an epidemiological survey and clinicopathological analises. To date, EH caused by ingestion of Pteridium esculentum subsp. arachnoideum, a radiomimetic plant popularly known as bracken fern, has not been described in this species in Brazil. Bovine EH is responsible for high economic losses in Brazils Southeast Region not only because of the deaths it causes, but also owing to its negative effect on productivity. In São José do Barreiro County, São Paulo, some farmers in areas with a high incidence of bovine EH have been replacing cattle with buffaloes, based on the premise that the latter would be more resistant to poisoning by ingestion of Pteridium spp. However, even though initial observations indicated that buffaloes are indeed less sensitive than cattle to the toxic principle of Pteridium spp., cases of hematuria in this species have been reported. According to preliminary date, EH only occurs in buffaloes over six years of age. Macroscopic examination revealed a thickened urinary vesicle mucosa, along with multiple foci of ulcerated, exophytic, verrucous, and pedunculated lesions. In one of the buffaloes studied, the bladder wall was ruptured and exhibited marked secondary inflammation. Histologically, neoplastic and non-neoplastic changes similar to those described in cattle poisoned by Pteridium spp. were observed. The neoplasms found included papilloma, carcinoma in situ, urothelial carcinoma (low and high grade), inverted, microcystic, and trabecular variants, urothelial carcinoma with divergent differentiation (squamous and glandular), squamous cell carcinoma, lymphangioma, hemangioma, and hemangiosarcoma. There was also coexistence of epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms. Bovine papillomavirus particles were not detected by polymerase chain reaction in the bladder samples analyzed.
RESUMO: Descreve-se, através de levantamento epidemiológico e avaliação clínico-patológica, a ocorrência de hematúria enzoótica (HE) em búfalos no Brasil. Essa condição, causada pela ingestão da planta radiomimética Pteridium esculentum subsp. arachnoideum, conhecida popularmente como samambaia ou samambaia do campo, até então não havia sido descrita nessa espécie no Brasil. Na Região Sudeste, a HE bovina é responsável por elevadas perdas econômicas, devidas não apenas aos óbitos, mas também em função da queda de produtividade. No município de São José do Barreiro/SP, alguns produtores de áreas com alta incidência de HE bovina, vêm substituindo os bovinos por búfalos, com base na premissa de que estes seriam mais resistentes à intoxicação. Embora, de acordo com observações iniciais, os búfalos realmente sejam menos sensíveis que os bovinos ao princípio tóxico de Pteridium spp., ainda assim, tem-se verificado a ocorrência de casos de hematúria nessa espécie. De acordo com o levantamento inicial, a HE só ocorre em búfalos com idade a partir de seis anos. Ao exame macroscópico, verificou-se a mucosa da bexiga espessa, com múltiplos focos de lesões ulceradas, exofíticas, papiliformes, verrucosas, pedunculadas. Histologicamente, foram observadas alterações neoplásicas e não neoplásicas semelhantes às descritas nos bovinos com HE. Entre as neoplasias foram encontrados papiloma, carcinoma in situ, carcinoma urotelial (baixo e alto grau), variantes invertida, microcística e trabecular, carcinoma urotelial com diferenciação divergente (escamosa e glandular), carcinoma de células escamosas, linfangioma, hemangioma e hemangiossarcoma. Ocorreu também coexistência entre neoplasias epiteliais e mesenquimais. Não foram detectadas partículas de papilomavírus bovino pelo teste PCR nas amostras de bexiga analisadas.
Resumo
It is reported the occurrence of enzootic hematuria (EH) in buffaloes in Brazil after performing an epidemiological survey and clinicopathological analises. To date, EH caused by ingestion of Pteridium esculentum subsp. arachnoideum, a radiomimetic plant popularly known as "bracken fern", has not been described in this species in Brazil. Bovine EH is responsible for high economic losses in Brazil's Southeast Region not only because of the deaths it causes, but also owing to its negative effect on productivity. In São José do Barreiro County, São Paulo, some farmers in areas with a high incidence of bovine EH have been replacing cattle with buffaloes, based on the premise that the latter would be more resistant to poisoning by ingestion of Pteridium spp. However, even though initial observations indicated that buffaloes are indeed less sensitive than cattle to the toxic principle of Pteridium spp., cases of hematuria in this species have been reported. According to preliminary date, EH only occurs in buffaloes over six years of age. Macroscopic examination revealed a thickened urinary vesicle mucosa, along with multiple foci of ulcerated, exophytic, verrucous, and pedunculated lesions. In one of the buffaloes studied, the bladder wall was ruptured and exhibited marked secondary inflammation. Histologically, neoplastic and non-neoplastic changes similar to those described in cattle poisoned by Pteridium spp. were observed. The neoplasms found included papilloma, carcinoma in situ, urothelial carcinoma (low and high grade), inverted, microcystic, and trabecular variants, urothelial carcinoma with divergent differentiation (squamous and glandular), squamous cell carcinoma, lymphangioma, hemangioma, and hemangiosarcoma. There was also coexistence of epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms. Bovine papillomavirus particles were not detected by polymerase chain reaction in the bladder samples analyzed.
Descreve-se, através de levantamento epidemiológico e avaliação clínico-patológica, a ocorrência de hematúria enzoótica (HE) em búfalos no Brasil. Essa condição, causada pela ingestão da planta radiomimética Pteridium esculentum subsp. arachnoideum, conhecida popularmente como "samambaia" ou "samambaia do campo", até então não havia sido descrita nessa espécie no Brasil. Na Região Sudeste, a HE bovina é responsável por elevadas perdas econômicas, devidas não apenas aos óbitos, mas também em função da queda de produtividade. No município de São José do Barreiro/SP, alguns produtores de áreas com alta incidência de HE bovina, vêm substituindo os bovinos por búfalos, com base na premissa de que estes seriam mais resistentes à intoxicação. Embora, de acordo com observações iniciais, os búfalos realmente sejam menos sensíveis que os bovinos ao princípio tóxico de Pteridium spp., ainda assim, tem-se verificado a ocorrência de casos de hematúria nessa espécie. De acordo com o levantamento inicial, a HE só ocorre em búfalos com idade a partir de seis anos. Ao exame macroscópico, verificou-se a mucosa da bexiga espessa, com múltiplos focos de lesões ulceradas, exofíticas, papiliformes, verrucosas, pedunculadas. Histologicamente, foram observadas alterações neoplásicas e não neoplásicas semelhantes às descritas nos bovinos com HE. Entre as neoplasias foram encontrados papiloma, carcinoma in situ, carcinoma urotelial (baixo e alto grau), variantes invertida, microcística e trabecular, carcinoma urotelial com diferenciação divergente (escamosa e glandular), carcinoma de células escamosas, linfangioma, hemangioma e hemangiossarcoma. Ocorreu também coexistência entre neoplasias epiteliais e mesenquimais. Não foram detectadas partículas de papilomavírus bovino pelo teste PCR nas amostras de bexiga analisadas.
Assuntos
Animais , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/veterinária , Búfalos , Pteridium/intoxicação , Hematúria/diagnóstico , Hematúria/patologia , Hematúria/epidemiologia , Plantas Tóxicas/intoxicaçãoResumo
Background: Cutaneous fibroma is a benign neoplasm affecting the fibroblasts and collagen matrix that develops in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. This neoplasm is uncommon in cattle, and few reports have described the treatment and resolution of this neoplasm. Despite its benign character, a veterinarian should consider cutaneous fibroma in the differential diagnosis of skin tumors. This report aims to describe a rare case of large fibroma in the scapular region in a cow, with emphasis on the clinical-surgical and anatomopathological aspects of the condition. Case: A 3-year-old Girolando 3/4 cow was attended to at a rural property in Lagamar-MG, Brazil. According to the owner, the animal presented with a small mass in the right scapular region that grew progressively over 1 year and 6 months. Clinical examination revealed an exuberant and painless increase in volume on palpation in the proximal region of the right thoracic limb, which, in its vertical axis, extended from the proximal end of the scapula to near the olecranon tuberosity, and, in its horizontal axis, extended from the 6th intercostal space to the scapulohumeral joint, reaching the dimensions 66 cm and 62 cm, respectively. It presented with multiple nodules that were firm in consistency with extensive areas of ulceration. Neoplasia was suspected, and surgical excision was decided upon. The cow was sedated and restrained in the left lateral decubitus position. Trichotomy and antisepsis of the operative field were performed followed by an infiltrative anesthetic block around the tumor. The tumor was excised maintaining a safety margin of 1 cm. Dermorrhaphy was not possible, and healing by secondary intention was awaited. In the postoperative period, antibiotic therapy with benzathine penicillin, analgesia with meloxicamand dipyrone and daily dressing of the wound were performed. There were no postoperative complications and complete healing occurred approximately 100 days after surgery. One year after the surgical procedure, the owner reported that the cow did not present with recurrence of the neoplasm. The resected tumor weighed 11.2 kg, and, when cut, presented with solid conformation and whitish coloration. Tumor fragments were harvested, fixed in 10% formalin, and sent for histopathological examination, which revealed neoproliferation of remarkable cellular density composed of dense, well vascularized fibrocollagenous connective tissue arranged in multidirectional bundles and undulating pattern. Mild cellular pleomorphism was identified, and no mitosis figures were observed. Alcian blue staining was negative for mucopolysaccharides, differing from Masson's trichrome staining, which widely stained the fibrocollagenous tissue blue. In view of these findings, the diagnosis of cutaneous fibroma was confirmed. Discussion: Cutaneous fibromas are benign neoplasms of fibrous tissue, and they are uncommon in cattle and may be associated with bovine papillomavirus and/or trauma. Although the origin of cutaneous fibroma is not clear, the present report stands out due to the large size of the tumor mass. The complete healing of the surgical wound, the absence of recurrence one year after surgery and the return of the animal to dairy production demonstrate that the surgical treatment was adequate. The macro- and microscopic characteristics of the cutaneous fibroma in this case corroborate with other cases reported in the literature. Large cutaneous fibroma is uncommon in bovines, and may hinder surgical excision and prolong healing time, as well as the complete recovery of the animal. Moreover, the differential diagnosis with other neoplasms of fibroblastic origin is relevant, especially for those with malignant biological behavior, such as fibrosarcoma and myxosarcoma.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Fibroma/cirurgia , Fibroma/veterinária , Fibroblastos Associados a CâncerResumo
Papillomatosis occupy a prominent position both in human and veterinary medicine, since it is a viral skin disease with potential to develop malignancy. Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV) are associated with several diseases in horses, i.e. classical papillomatosis associated with EcPV 1; squamous cell carcinoma associated with EcPV 2; tumors in mucous membranes on the genital area (EcPV 2 and EcPV 7); aural plaque associated with EcPV 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6; and equine sarcoid, associated with bovine papillomavirus (BPV 1 and 2). The aural plaque is characterized by small papules (1-2 cm), hypochromic and keratinized on the internal surface of the pinnae and can evolve and coalesce into larger lesions. To obtain a specific diagnostic test, both sensitive and fast to identify these viruses, a quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) was standardized for EcPV 3, 4, 5 and 6. Applying the qPCR technique in the 103 equine aural plaque samples resulted in 90.29% of at least one viral type prevalence, which was distributed as following: EcPV3, 36.89%; EcPV4, 82.52%; EcPV5, 0.97%; and EcPV6, 10.68%. This study represents an evolution in the area related to aural plaque and equine papillomatosis and raises new questions for future research.
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos/virologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Papiloma/classificação , Papiloma/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterináriaResumo
Papillomatosis occupy a prominent position both in human and veterinary medicine, since it is a viral skin disease with potential to develop malignancy. Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV) are associated with several diseases in horses, i.e. classical papillomatosis associated with EcPV 1; squamous cell carcinoma associated with EcPV 2; tumors in mucous membranes on the genital area (EcPV 2 and EcPV 7); aural plaque associated with EcPV 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6; and equine sarcoid, associated with bovine papillomavirus (BPV 1 and 2). The aural plaque is characterized by small papules (1-2 cm), hypochromic and keratinized on the internal surface of the pinnae and can evolve and coalesce into larger lesions. To obtain a specific diagnostic test, both sensitive and fast to identify these viruses, a quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) was standardized for EcPV 3, 4, 5 and 6. Applying the qPCR technique in the 103 equine aural plaque samples resulted in 90.29% of at least one viral type prevalence, which was distributed as following: EcPV3, 36.89%; EcPV4, 82.52%; EcPV5, 0.97%; and EcPV6, 10.68%. This study represents an evolution in the area related to aural plaque and equine papillomatosis and raises new questions for future research.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos/virologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Papiloma/classificação , Papiloma/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterináriaResumo
Several factors can affect bovine mammary gland health and although bacterial mastitis is the most studied and reported cause, viral infections may also have negative effects on bovine udder health. Viral infections can indirectly damage the papillary duct of the teat, and induce or exacerbate signs of bovine mastitis due to viral-induced immunosuppressive effects that may lead to a greater susceptibility to bacterial mastitis and even intensify the severity of established bacterial infections. Some viruses (Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and papillomavirus) affect the integrity of the udder skin, leading to teat lesions, favoring the entry of mastitis-causing pathogens. It is therefore possible that the association between mastitis and viruses is underestimated and may, for example, be associated with negative bacterial culture results. Few milk samples are tested for the presence of viruses, mainly because of the more laborious and expensive procedures required. Furthermore, samples for virus testing would require specific procedures in terms of collection, handling and storage. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in regard to the actual impact of viruses on bovine udder health. Despite the fact that serum anti-virus antibodies can be detected, there is not enough evidence to confirm or exclude the effect of viruses on
Diversos fatores podem afetar a saúde da glândula mamária bovina e embora a mastite bacteriana seja a causa mais estudada e relatada, as infecções virais também podem ter efeitos negativos sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. De forma indireta as infecções virais podem danificar o ducto papilar do teto ou ainda, induzir ou agravar a mastite bovina, devido aos seus efeitos imunossupressores que podem levar a uma maior susceptibilidade para casos de mastite bacteriana e até mesmo intensificar a severidade das infecções bacterianas já estabelecidas. Alguns vírus (Alphaherpesvirus bovino 2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, febre aftosa, estomatite vesicular e papilomavírus) afetam a integridade da pele do úbere, levando a lesões no teto, favorecendo a entrada de patógenos causadores de mastite. Portanto é possível que a associação entre mastites e viroses seja subestimada e podem, por exemplo, estar associada às amostras de diagnóstico de mastite bacteriana com resultados de cultura bacteriana negativa. Além disso, as amostras de leite de vacas com mastite não são coletadas, tratadas e armazenadas adequadamente para pesquisa de vírus que requer cuidados específicos, além de um diagnóstico mais trabalhoso e caro. Desse modo, há lacunas aserem preenchidas quanto ao real impacto das viroses sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. Apesar da possibilidade de detecção de anticorpos séricos c
Resumo
Several factors can affect bovine mammary gland health and although bacterial mastitis is the most studied and reported cause, viral infections may also have negative effects on bovine udder health. Viral infections can indirectly damage the papillary duct of the teat, and induce or exacerbate signs of bovine mastitis due to viral-induced immunosuppressive effects that may lead to a greater susceptibility to bacterial mastitis and even intensify the severity of established bacterial infections. Some viruses (Bovine alphaherpesvirus2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and papillomavirus) affect the integrity of the udder skin, leading to teat lesions, favoring the entry of mastitis-causing pathogens. It is therefore possible that the association between mastitis and viruses is underestimated and may, for example, be associated with negative bacterial culture results. Few milk samples are tested for the presence of viruses, mainly because of the more laborious and expensive procedures required. Furthermore, samples for virus testing would require specific procedures in terms of collection, handling and storage. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in regard to the actual impact of viruses on bovine udder health. Despite the fact that serum anti-virus antibodies can be detected, there is not enough evidence to confirm or exclude the effect of viruses on udder health. However, any expectation of milk production from healthy animals should consider the possible impact of viral infections in mastitis development and not underestimate the importance of actions to diagnose and control the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the association of diagnosis and control of viral diseases and their effect on bovine udder health.(AU)
Diversos fatores podem afetar a saúde da glândula mamária bovina e embora a mastite bacteriana seja a causa mais estudada e relatada, as infecções virais também podem ter efeitos negativos sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. De forma indireta as infecções virais podem danificar o ducto papilar do teto ou ainda, induzir ou agravar a mastite bovina, devido aos seus efeitos imunossupressores que podem levar a uma maior susceptibilidade para casos de mastite bacteriana e até mesmo intensificar a severidade das infecções bacterianas já estabelecidas. Alguns vírus (Alphaherpesvirus bovino 2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, febre aftosa, estomatite vesicular e papilomavírus) afetam a integridade da pele do úbere, levando a lesões no teto, favorecendo a entrada de patógenos causadores de mastite. Portanto é possível que a associação entre mastites e viroses seja subestimada e podem, por exemplo, estar associada às amostras de diagnóstico de mastite bacteriana com resultados de cultura bacteriana negativa. Além disso, as amostras de leite de vacas com mastite não são coletadas, tratadas e armazenadas adequadamente para pesquisa de vírus que requer cuidados específicos, além de um diagnóstico mais trabalhoso e caro. Desse modo, há lacunas a serem preenchidas quanto ao real impacto das viroses sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. Apesar da possibilidade de detecção de anticorpos séricos contra os vírus, não existem evidências suficientes para incluir ou excluir os efeitos das viroses a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. Porém, a expectativa de produção de leite por meio de animais saudáveis deve considerar os possíveis impactos das infecções virais no desenvolvimento de mastites, não se pode, portanto, subestimar a importância de ações para o diagnóstico e controle das mesmas. Sendo assim, o propósito desta revisão é descrever as relações entre o diagnóstico de controle das doenças virais e seus potenciais impactos sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Viroses/diagnóstico , Viroses/veterinária , Bovinos/anormalidades , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/anormalidadesResumo
Several factors can affect bovine mammary gland health and although bacterial mastitis is the most studied and reported cause, viral infections may also have negative effects on bovine udder health. Viral infections can indirectly damage the papillary duct of the teat, and induce or exacerbate signs of bovine mastitis due to viral-induced immunosuppressive effects that may lead to a greater susceptibility to bacterial mastitis and even intensify the severity of established bacterial infections. Some viruses (Bovine alphaherpesvirus2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and papillomavirus) affect the integrity of the udder skin, leading to teat lesions, favoring the entry of mastitis-causing pathogens. It is therefore possible that the association between mastitis and viruses is underestimated and may, for example, be associated with negative bacterial culture results. Few milk samples are tested for the presence of viruses, mainly because of the more laborious and expensive procedures required. Furthermore, samples for virus testing would require specific procedures in terms of collection, handling and storage. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in regard to the actual impact of viruses on bovine udder health. Despite the fact that serum anti-virus antibodies can be detected, there is not enough evidence to confirm or exclude the effect of viruses on udder health. However, any expectation of milk production from healthy animals should consider the possible impact of viral infections in mastitis development and not underestimate the importance of actions to diagnose and control the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the association of diagnosis and control of viral diseases and their effect on bovine udder health.(AU)
Diversos fatores podem afetar a saúde da glândula mamária bovina e embora a mastite bacteriana seja a causa mais estudada e relatada, as infecções virais também podem ter efeitos negativos sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. De forma indireta as infecções virais podem danificar o ducto papilar do teto ou ainda, induzir ou agravar a mastite bovina, devido aos seus efeitos imunossupressores que podem levar a uma maior susceptibilidade para casos de mastite bacteriana e até mesmo intensificar a severidade das infecções bacterianas já estabelecidas. Alguns vírus (Alphaherpesvirus bovino 2, cowpox, pseudocowpox, febre aftosa, estomatite vesicular e papilomavírus) afetam a integridade da pele do úbere, levando a lesões no teto, favorecendo a entrada de patógenos causadores de mastite. Portanto é possível que a associação entre mastites e viroses seja subestimada e podem, por exemplo, estar associada às amostras de diagnóstico de mastite bacteriana com resultados de cultura bacteriana negativa. Além disso, as amostras de leite de vacas com mastite não são coletadas, tratadas e armazenadas adequadamente para pesquisa de vírus que requer cuidados específicos, além de um diagnóstico mais trabalhoso e caro. Desse modo, há lacunas a serem preenchidas quanto ao real impacto das viroses sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. Apesar da possibilidade de detecção de anticorpos séricos contra os vírus, não existem evidências suficientes para incluir ou excluir os efeitos das viroses a saúde da glândula mamária bovina. Porém, a expectativa de produção de leite por meio de animais saudáveis deve considerar os possíveis impactos das infecções virais no desenvolvimento de mastites, não se pode, portanto, subestimar a importância de ações para o diagnóstico e controle das mesmas. Sendo assim, o propósito desta revisão é descrever as relações entre o diagnóstico de controle das doenças virais e seus potenciais impactos sobre a saúde da glândula mamária bovina.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Viroses/diagnóstico , Viroses/veterinária , Bovinos/anormalidades , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/anormalidadesResumo
Background: Several treatments for oral papillomatosis in dogs, with satisfactory results, have already been described in the literature. However, there is need for further studies regarding remission time, association and exposure to drugs, side effects, cost-effectiveness and reproducibility of results. Autohemotherapy (AHT) is a therapeutic technique increasingly used in veterinary medicine that has been providing satisfactory clinical results to treat several pathologies. The procedure consists of removing blood by intravenous puncture that is immediately re-administered via intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous or intradermal. Although the empirical isolated use via intramuscular reached excellent results in routine medical treatment of dogs and since few studies and protocols have been described for this species, many times the treatment is based on the experience with the bovine papillomatosis. To this end, this report describes a case of canine oral papillomatosis treated with autohemotherapy (AHT), emphasizing the dosage and clinical evolution of the case. Case: A one-year-old mongrel dog rescued from the street eight months earlier was treated. The animal was thin resulting from the small food amount ingested due to feeding difficulty, infested with ticks, had bad breath and few small warts on the lips, which, after five months, grew and multiplied, and were distributed throughout the oral cavity. The animal clinical history led to papillomatosis diagnosis, which was confirmed by cytological and histopathological exams. The AHT treatment consisted of taking 5 mL of whole blood without EDTA and immediately injecting this volume intramuscularly, every four days until the total remission of the clinical symptoms. Every four days, the papilloma fall off, and involution processes were recorded through a detailed macroscopic analysis of the warts [ ](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Lambdapapillomavirus , Papiloma/terapia , Papiloma/veterinária , Auto-Hemoterapia/veterinária , Neoplasias Bucais/veterinária , Verrugas/veterináriaResumo
Background: Several treatments for oral papillomatosis in dogs, with satisfactory results, have already been described in the literature. However, there is need for further studies regarding remission time, association and exposure to drugs, side effects, cost-effectiveness and reproducibility of results. Autohemotherapy (AHT) is a therapeutic technique increasingly used in veterinary medicine that has been providing satisfactory clinical results to treat several pathologies. The procedure consists of removing blood by intravenous puncture that is immediately re-administered via intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous or intradermal. Although the empirical isolated use via intramuscular reached excellent results in routine medical treatment of dogs and since few studies and protocols have been described for this species, many times the treatment is based on the experience with the bovine papillomatosis. To this end, this report describes a case of canine oral papillomatosis treated with autohemotherapy (AHT), emphasizing the dosage and clinical evolution of the case. Case: A one-year-old mongrel dog rescued from the street eight months earlier was treated. The animal was thin resulting from the small food amount ingested due to feeding difficulty, infested with ticks, had bad breath and few small warts on the lips, which, after five months, grew and multiplied, and were distributed throughout the oral cavity. The animal clinical history led to papillomatosis diagnosis, which was confirmed by cytological and histopathological exams. The AHT treatment consisted of taking 5 mL of whole blood without EDTA and immediately injecting this volume intramuscularly, every four days until the total remission of the clinical symptoms. Every four days, the papilloma fall off, and involution processes were recorded through a detailed macroscopic analysis of the warts [ ]
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Auto-Hemoterapia/veterinária , Lambdapapillomavirus , Papiloma/terapia , Papiloma/veterinária , Neoplasias Bucais/veterinária , Verrugas/veterináriaResumo
A papilomatose bovina é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo Papilomavírus bovino e caracterizada pela formação de neoplasias em forma de papilomas. Além da desvalorização do couro do animal, a enfermidade pode atingir até 75% do rebanho trazendo prejuízos econômicos. Por haver demanda por tratamentos eficazes, o presente estudo testou novas abordagens para a eliminação dos papilomas bovinos cutâneos do tipo plano em animais naturalmente infectados por meio da Terapia Fotodinâmica (PDT). O método consiste na combinação de um composto fotossensibilizador (PS), luz visível e oxigênio molecular, resultando na formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, que em altos níveis provocam danos às estruturas celulares. A técnica vem demonstrando eficácia no tratamento de células neoplásicas e no controle de patógenos infecciosos. Utilizamos em nossos estudos a luz solar como fonte de irradiação (DL-PDT), uma fonte de luz viável quando refere-se a tratamento de animais de produção. No primeiro estudo, administramos os compostos meso-tetrametilpiridil (TMPyP) e Hematoporfirina (HP) a 40M em solução por via intratumoral. Os escores táteis dos papilomas reduziram significativamente para a TMPyP. Não houve alteração das circunferências das bases das lesões e não houve mudança no perfil bioquímico sérico dos animais. Microscopicamente, a TMPyP induziu necrose focal da epiderme até derme e três papilomas tratados com HP tiveram evolução para necrose gangrenosa e desprendimento. Nos outros dois ensaios, a via escolhida foi a tópica, desta vez formulando diferentes cremes fotossensibilizantes em diferentes concentrações (HP 10, 20 e 100 M; meso-tetrametilpiridil metalada com zinco - ZnTMPyP, Azul de Metileno - MB e Ftalocianina zinco - ZnPC a 100 M). Nesta via, não houve redução dos escores táteis dos papilomas e das circunferências das bases, contudo o veículo utilizado em nosso estudo levou à mudança de textura de alguns tumores. Os nossos diversos resultados indicam que a PDT pode ser bastante explorada na cadeia agropecuária e pode vir a se tornar uma opção terapêutica para a papilomatose bovina. A eliminação da doença do rebanho acometido impulsionaria ainda mais o mercado de bovinos que gera milhões na cadeia produtiva da carne e do leite em todo o mundo.
Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious and contagious disease caused by the bovine papillomavirus and characterized by the formation of neoplasms in the form of papillomas. Besides the devaluation of the animal's hide, the disease can affect up to 75% of the herd, bringing economic losses. Because there is demand for effective treatments, this study tested new approaches for the elimination of cutaneous bovine papillomas of the flat type in naturally infected animals through photodynamic therapy (PDT). The method consists of the combination of a photosensitizing compound (PS), visible light and molecular oxygen, resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species, which at high levels cause damage to cellular structures. The technique has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of neoplastic cells and in the control of infectious pathogens. We use sunlight as an irradiation source (DL-PDT) in our studies, a viable light source when it comes to the treatment of production animals. In the first study, we administered the compounds meso-tetramethylpyridyl (TMPyP) and Hematoporphyrin (HP) at 40M in solution by intratumoral route. The tactile scores of papillomas were significantly reduced for TMPyP. There was no change in the circumferences of the bases of the lesions and no change in the serum biochemical profile of the animals. Microscopically, TMPyP induced focal necrosis from epidermis to dermis and three HP-treated papillomas had evolution to gangrenous necrosis and detachment. In the other two assays, the chosen route was topical, this time formulating different photosensitizing creams at different concentrations (HP 10, 20 and 100 M; meso-tetramethylpyridyl metallized with zinc - ZnTMPyP, Methylene Blue - MB and zinc phthalocyanine - ZnPC at 100 M). In this route, there was no reduction in the tactile scores of the papillomas and the circumferences of the bases, however the vehicle used in our study led to a change in the texture of some tumors. Our various results indicate that PDT can be widely exploited in the agricultural chain and may become a therapeutic option for bovine papillomatosis. The elimination of the disease from the affected herd would further boost the cattle market that generates millions in the meat and milk production chain worldwide.
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Background: Equine sarcoid, supposed to be caused by infection with bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2, is usually observed in previously traumatized skin areas, including lesions of habronemosis due to inoculation of third stage larvae in ulcerated wounds by Musca domestica or Stomoxys calcitrans. Little is known about the occurrence of diseases associated with equine sarcoid, mainly because limitations on clinical diagnosis, due to the different skin diseases that have to be considered as differential diagnoses. This report aimed to describe three cases of equine sarcoid associated with habronemosis in horses in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Cases: Three cases of sarcoid associated with habronemosis in equines were diagnosed at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba. Case 1. A 5-year-old female showed in the ventral branch of the mandible a nodule of 3 cm in diameter, partially covered with skin and hair intercepted by areas of irregular surface with yellow-red ulcerations. The cut surface was formed by whitish and firm tissue. Case 2. It was a biopsy from a 4-year-old mare, who was not informed of the macroscopic characteristics of the lesion. Case 3. A 5-year-old horse presenting a nodular mass in the region of the tarsal-metatarsal joint, measuring 8.0x5.0x3.0 cm with an irregular [...]
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Animais , Cavalos , Infecções por Spirurida/veterinária , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Sarcoidose/veterinária , Zona Semiárida , SpiruroideaResumo
Background: Equine sarcoid, supposed to be caused by infection with bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2, is usually observed in previously traumatized skin areas, including lesions of habronemosis due to inoculation of third stage larvae in ulcerated wounds by Musca domestica or Stomoxys calcitrans. Little is known about the occurrence of diseases associated with equine sarcoid, mainly because limitations on clinical diagnosis, due to the different skin diseases that have to be considered as differential diagnoses. This report aimed to describe three cases of equine sarcoid associated with habronemosis in horses in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Cases: Three cases of sarcoid associated with habronemosis in equines were diagnosed at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba. Case 1. A 5-year-old female showed in the ventral branch of the mandible a nodule of 3 cm in diameter, partially covered with skin and hair intercepted by areas of irregular surface with yellow-red ulcerations. The cut surface was formed by whitish and firm tissue. Case 2. It was a biopsy from a 4-year-old mare, who was not informed of the macroscopic characteristics of the lesion. Case 3. A 5-year-old horse presenting a nodular mass in the region of the tarsal-metatarsal joint, measuring 8.0x5.0x3.0 cm with an irregular [...](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Sarcoidose/veterinária , Cavalos , Infecções por Spirurida/veterinária , Zona Semiárida , SpiruroideaResumo
Sarcoides são tumores fibroblásticos, considerados os tumores de pele mais comuns em pele de equinos e que raramente apresentam regressão espontânea. Papilomavírus bovino (BPV) tipos 1 e 2 são relacionados com a patogenia do sarcoide e, provavelmente, o BPV tipo 13 (BPV13), recentemente descrito, também pode estar associado com a formação dessa lesão. Neste estudo, 20 amostras de lesões cutâneas, sendo 12 constituídas por tecidos frescos e 8 amostras de tecido fixado em formalina e embebido em parafina, provenientes de 15 cavalos foram utilizadas para a identificação do DNA de BPV. A análise histopatológica (HE) confirmou todas as lesões como sarcoide. Para a amplificação do DNA de papilomavírus (PV) foram realizadas três reações de PCR. Como triagem, os primers IFNR2/IDNT2 foram utilizados para amplificar um fragmento da ORF L1 do PV. O segundo par de primersutilizado é complementar a sequência dos genes E5 e L2 de BPVs 1, 2 e 13. O terceiro par de primers(FAP59/FAP64) utilizado tem o gene L1 como alvo. A primeira e a segunda PCRs permitiram amplificar produtos em todas as amostras avaliadas. Entretanto, na terceira reação, na qual foram utilizados os primers FAP, foi possível amplificar produtos com tamanho molecular esperado somente nas amostras constituídas por tecidos frescos. O sequenciamento de nucleotídeos e as análises filogenéticas realizadas nos fragmentos E5L2 resultaram na identificação de BPV1, 2 e 13 em 14 (70%), 2 (10%) e em 4 (20%) amostras de sarcoides, respectivamente. As amostras de sarcoides de um dos animais continha somente o DNA de BPV1. Entretanto, nas amostras provenientes do segundo cavalo foi possível identificar o DNA de três tipos de Deltapapillomavirus bovino (BPV1, 2 e 13) em lesões distintas. Este estudo ratifica a presença do DNA de BPV1, 2 e 13 em lesões de sarcoides em equinos, além de identificar três tipos de BPVs em um mesmo animal e descrever pela primeira vez no Brasil a presença de BPV1 e 2 nesse tipo de lesão.(AU)
Sarcoids are fibroblastic lesions, which are considered as the most common skin tumors of horses; spontaneous regression rarely occurs. The bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types 1 and 2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoids, and probably the recently described BPV type (BPV13) might be associated with the pathogenesis of this lesion. This study characterized the DNA of BPVs in sarcoids from 15 horses from Brazil by analyzing 20 cutaneous lesions (12 recently collected; 8 from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues). Histopathology confirmed the proliferative lesions as sarcoids. Three PCRs were performed to amplify papillomavirus (PV) DNA. For screening, the primers IFNR2/IDNT2 were used to amplify a fragment of the PV L1 ORF. The second primer set was complementary to a common sequence of the E5L2 genomic region of BPV1, 2, and 13. The third primer pair (FAP59/FAP64) targeted a fragment of the PVs L1 ORF. The screening and E5L2 PCRs yielded amplicons in all samples evaluated. The FAP amplicons identified BPV1, 2, and 13 only from fresh tissue samples. The phylogenetic analyses of E5L2 resulted in the identification of BPV1, 2, and 13 in 14 (70%), 2 (10%), and 4 (20%) sarcoids, respectively. Two horses demonstrated multiple lesions: the sarcoids of one of these contained only BPV1 DNA and those of the other contained three types of bovine Deltapapillomavirus (BPV1, 2, and 13). This study confirmed the presence of BPV1, 2, and 13 DNA in equine sarcoids. Moreover, these findings represent the first description of three types of BPV diagnosed in the same horse, as well as the first confirmation of BPV1 and 2 in horses from Brazil.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Neoplasias Cutâneas/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Primers do DNA/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterináriaResumo
A Papilomatose bovina é uma doença infectocontagiosa, crônica, causada por um vírus DNA, de natureza fibroepitelial, pertencente à família Papillomaviriade, gênero Papillomavirus, e tem como característica se manifestar principalmente em animais imunodeficientes e com idade inferior a dois anos. O vírus causa infiltração de células basais do epitélio, produzindo lesões tumorais superficiais em pele e mucosas, causando projeções digitiformes. O presente estudo foi realizado em fazendas de gado leiteiro, localizadas no sul do estado da Bahia, utilizando-se bovinos com diagnóstico clínico confirmado para papilomatose, sem tratamentos prévios, a fim de ser avaliada a eficácia da ozonioterapia como tratamento da papilomatose bovina. Ao todo, foram utilizados 18 bovinos, divididos em três grupos de tratamento, sendo um o grupo controle. Foi utilizado como tratamento a autohemoterapia e a ozonioterapia através da insuflação retal e autohemoterapia menor. Todos os grupos foram tratados com intervalos de sete dias entre as aplicações, durante seis semanas. Procedeu-se a avaliação estatística, referente à contagem de papilomas e os resultados obtidos nas análises hematológicas, pré- tratamento e pós-tratamento, sendo verificados pela análise de variância (ANOVA) referente aos tratamentos, no nível de 1% de probabilidade, seguido pelo teste de comparação entre médias dos tratamentos (Teste Tukey), no nível de 5% de probabilidade. Os dois tratamentos demonstraram respostas positivas, havendo regressão dos papilomas ao longo do experimento. No entanto, a autohemoterapia se mostrou com maior percentual de regressão e resposta de tratamento mais rápida. Contudo, devido ao tipo de distribuição feita no presente estudo é possível concluir também, que para o grupo ozonioterapia, houve um desafio de tratamento maior, quando comparado com o grupo autohemoterapia. Na avaliação dos resultados dos hemogramas é possível concluir que para o grupo ozonioterapia, houve uma regressão considerável em todos os parâmetros inflamatórios avaliados, reforçando a ideia de agente antinflamatório da ozonioterapia. Sendo assim, sugere-se a necessidade de realização de maiores estudos, em ambientes controlados, para melhor avaliar a eficácia da ozonioterapia como agente antinflamatório e antiviral além da necessidade de estudos para melhor esclarecer os tipos de cepas virais envolvidas nos animais acometidos com Papilomatose bovina.
Bovine papillomatosis is a chronic, infectious and contagious disease caused by a DNA virus, of fibroepithelial nature, belonging to the Papillomaviriade family, genus Papillomavirus, and has the characteristic of manifesting mainly in immunodeficient animals and under the age of two years. The virus causes infiltration of basal cells of the epithelium, producing superficial tumor lesions on the skin and mucous membranes, causing digitiform projections. The present study was carried out in dairy cattle farms, located in the south of the state of Bahia, using cattle with a confirmed clinical diagnosis for papillomatosis, without previous treatments, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of ozone therapy as a treatment for bovine papillomatosis. In all, 18 cattle were used, divided into three treatment groups, one being the control group. Autohemotherapy and ozone therapy were used as treatment through rectal insufflation and minor autohemotherapy. All groups were treated at seven-day intervals between applications for six weeks. The statistical evaluation was performed, referring to the papillomas count and the results obtained in the hematological analysis, pre-treatment and post-treatment, being verified by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) referring to the treatments, at the level of 1% of probability, followed by the comparison test between treatment means (Tukey test), at the level of 5% probability. Both treatments showed positive responses, with regression of the papillomas throughout the experiment. However, autohemotherapy showed a higher percentage of regression and faster treatment response. However, due to the type of distribution made in the present study, it is also possible to conclude that for the ozone therapy group, there was a greater treatment challenge when compared to the autohemotherapy group. In the evaluation of the results of the hemograms it is possible to conclude that for the ozone therapy group, there was a considerable regression in all the inflammatory parameters evaluated, reinforcing the idea of an ozone therapy anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, it is suggested the need for further studies in controlled environments to better assess the effectiveness of ozone therapy as an antiinflammatory and antiviral agent, in addition to the need for studies to better clarify the types of viral strains involved in animals affected with bovine papillomatosis.
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O papilomavírus bovino é amplamente disseminado entre as espécies de mamíferos e aves, caracterizado como espécie especifico, na qual possui capacidade de se replicar significativamente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de lesões em vesícula urinária de bovinos assintomáticos abatidos na Mesorregião Norte Central do Paraná e associar as lesões com a presença do BPV. Foram analisadas 516 vesículas urinárias de animais de diversas raças, com predominância de bovinos Bos indicus taurus, provenientes de 87 propriedades situadas em 10 municípios da Mesorregião Norte Central e Centro-Sul do Paraná, que foram abatidos em abatedouro frigorífico localizado no município de Ivaiporã. A urina presente na vesícula urinária foi analisada, realizada a contagem de hemácias através do microscópio óptico, além da divisão em quadrantes da vesícula urinária em busca de lesões. Foram retirados fragmentos em duplicata, para análise molecular em busca do BPV e histopatológica em busca de lesões microscópicas. Encontrou-se 26 amplificações para o BPV, utilizando o par de primers genéricos (FAP 59/FAP 64). Com base na avaliação macroscópica vesical foi possível identificar 85 bovinos com lesões vesicais, correspondendo à 16,47% dos animais avaliados. Quanto à sede da lesões vesicais em quadrantes, foi observado que os quadrantes D e C foram os mais acometidos (p-valor<0,0001), totalizando 35,38% (69/195) e 34,36% (67/195). Dentre os achados histopatológicos, foram encontradas alterações indicativas de formação tumoral. Já na contagem de hemácias foi detectada micro hematúria (n=5/516) e hematúria (n=58/516) nas amostras analisadas. Contudo, não foi possível realizar a análise de 26,56% (137/516) amostras devido à ausência de urina, já na análise de urina pela fita reagente foi possível detectar que 87,60% (332/379) das amostras analisadas encontravam-se em seu estado fisiológico, a presença de hemoglobina foi detectada em 10,55% (40/379) e de hemácias em 1,85% (7/379). Conclui-se que a incidência de lesões vesicais em bovinos abatidos na mesorregião Norte Central do Paraná é moderada. No entanto, não é possível afirmar a correlação da lesão vesical com a presença do BPV.
Bovine papillomavirus is widely disseminated among species of mammals and birds, characterized as a specific species, in which it has the ability to replicate significantly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of lesions in the urinary vesicle of asymptomatic cattle slaughtered in the North Central Mesoregion of Paraná and to associate the lesions with the presence of BPV. 516 urinary vesicles of animals of different breeds were analyzed, with predominance of Bos indicus taurus cattle, from 87 properties located in 10 municipalities in the North Central and Central-South Paraná regions, which were slaughtered in a slaughterhouse located in the municipality of Ivaiporã. The urine present in the urinary bladder was analyzed, the erythrocyte count was performed using an optical microscope, in addition to dividing the urinary bladder into quadrants in search of injuries. Duplicate fragments were removed for molecular analysis in search of BPV and histopathology in search of microscopic lesions. There were 26 amplifications for BPV, using the generic primer pair (FAP 59 / FAP 64). Based on the macroscopic bladder evaluation, it was possible to identify 85 cattle with bladder injuries, corresponding to 16.47% of the animals evaluated. As for the seat of bladder injuries in quadrants, it was observed that quadrants D and C were the most affected (p-value <0.0001), totaling 35.38% (69/195) and 34.36% (67/195 ). Among histopathological findings, alterations indicating tumor formation were found. In the red blood cell count, micro hematuria (n = 5/516) and hematuria (n = 58/516) were detected in the analyzed samples. However, it was not possible to perform the analysis of 26.56% (137/516) samples due to the absence of urine, in the analysis of urine by the reagent strip it was possible to detect that 87.60% (332/379) of the analyzed samples found if in their physiological state, the presence of hemoglobin was detected in 10.55% (40/379) and of red blood cells in 1.85% (7/379). It is concluded that the incidence of bladder injuries in cattle slaughtered in the North Central region of Paraná is moderate. However, it is not possible to affirm the correlation of bladder injury with the presence of BPV.
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The goal of this study was to investigate the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (BPV-2) genomic DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, in the urinary bladder of cattle with bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH), in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Thus, 46 bladders with gross BEH lesions were collected from adult cattle at slaughterhouses. The samples were divided into two portions: one for use in histopathological analysis and the other one for PCR. Microscopic analysis showed that 56.52% of the bladders presented neoplastic lesions, of which 50% were benign, 23.08% were malignant and 26.92% presented both types of neoplasms. The remaining 43.48% of the bladders did not show any neoplasms. Presence of BPV-2 was confirmed in 43.48% of the bladders: 65% of these were found in neoplastic lesions and 35% in non-neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic lesions, detection of BPV-2 was more frequent in benign lesions (53.84%), followed by malignant lesions (23.08%) and by those presenting both benign and malignant lesions (23.08%). These results confirm the presence of BPV-2 in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions in urinary bladders of cattle with enzootic hematuria from the studied geographic area.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Bexiga Urinária , Deltapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Genoma Viral , Hematúria/veterináriaResumo
The goal of this study was to investigate the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (BPV-2) genomic DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, in the urinary bladder of cattle with bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH), in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Thus, 46 bladders with gross BEH lesions were collected from adult cattle at slaughterhouses. The samples were divided into two portions: one for use in histopathological analysis and the other one for PCR. Microscopic analysis showed that 56.52% of the bladders presented neoplastic lesions, of which 50% were benign, 23.08% were malignant and 26.92% presented both types of neoplasms. The remaining 43.48% of the bladders did not show any neoplasms. Presence of BPV-2 was confirmed in 43.48% of the bladders: 65% of these were found in neoplastic lesions and 35% in non-neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic lesions, detection of BPV-2 was more frequent in benign lesions (53.84%), followed by malignant lesions (23.08%) and by those presenting both benign and malignant lesions (23.08%). These results confirm the presence of BPV-2 in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions in urinary bladders of cattle with enzootic hematuria from the studied geographic area.(AU)
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Animais , Bovinos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Deltapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Bexiga Urinária , Hematúria/veterinária , Genoma ViralResumo
This study describes the clinical, histopathological, and virological characterization of teat papillomatosis from Brazilian dairy cattle herds. Four types of bovine papillomavirus were identified (BPV6, 7, 9, and 10), one of these (BPV7) is being detected for the first time in Brazilian cattle.(AU)