Mycobacteriosis in an appearantly healty atlantic mackerel (Scomber Scombrus, L) and zoonotic potential / Micobacteriose em uma cavala atlântica aparentemente curada (Scomber Scombrus, L) e potencial zoonótico

Mycobacteriosis was detected in seven out of one Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) that was purchased for human consumption from a fish market. The fish was apparently healthy but during cleaning, several granulomatous foci were noticed in the visceral organs. Histopathological examination of the lesions revealed numerous foci characterized by caseous necrosis in the center of the lesion surrounded by epithelioid giant cells. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examination revealed the presence of a protein of mycobacterial origin in giant cells and macrophages. Based on gross and microscopic findings, mycobacteriosis was diagnosed. This report showed that due to its zoonotic potential, mycobacteriosis should be considered even in healthy-appearing fishes for human consumption.

A micobacteriose foi detectada em uma de sete cavalas do Atlântico (Scomber scombrus) que foi comprada para consumo humano em um mercado de peixe. O peixe era aparentemente saudável, mas durante a limpeza, vários focos granulomatosos foram notados nos órgãos viscerais. O exame histopatológico das lesões revelou numerosos focos caracterizados por necrose caseosa no centro da lesão circundada por células gigantes epitelioides. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen revelou a presença de bactérias em forma de bastonete, com rápida acidez. Além disso, o exame imunohistoquímico revelou a presença de uma proteína de origem micobacteriana em células gigantes e macrófagos. Com base em achados grosseiros e microscópicos, a micobacteriose foi diagnosticada. Este relatório mostrou que devido a seu potencial zoonótico, a micobacteriose deve ser considerada mesmo em peixes saudáveis para consumo humano.

Avian mycobacteriosis in a naturally infected captive nocturnal curassow (Nothocrax urumutum)

A senile female nocturnal curassow (Nothocrax urumutum) kept under human care was found dead. Grossly, the lungs were congested and had a nodule with 2.0 cm in diameter adhered to the left lung. Histologically, there were multifocal to coalescent areas of necrosis characterized by deposition of amorphous and eosinophilic material with large amount of cellular debris, surrounded by numerous epithelioid macrophages, multinucleated Langhans giant cells, occasional lymphocytes and plasma cells. Ziehl-Neelsen stained sections demonstrated myriad of intralesional alcohol-acid resistant bacilli (BAAR). DNA extracted from lung samples were evaluated by nested polymerase chain reaction resulting in mycobacterial DNA identification. This is the first reported case of mycobacteriosis in a nocturnal curassow.(AU)

Mastitis in cattle due to Mycobacteroides abscessus - case report / [Mastite bovina por Mycobacteroides abscessus - relato de caso]

Mastitis is considered the main disease that affects dairy cattle worldwide, and it is caused mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and environmental Streptococcus spp. Eventually, nonconventional pathogens, as rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), may also cause chronic mastitis, which will not be responsive to antibiotic treatments. Diagnosis of mastitis caused by RGM is a difficult task, and most of time this agent may be misdiagnosed. Here we describe a case of clinical mastitis caused by the RGM Mycobacteroides abscessus in a cow from Southern Brazil, confirmed by microbiological and molecular characterization. Our results reinforce the necessity of a detailed laboratorial identification of the agent and to include this agent in differential diagnosis of chronical clinical mastitis nonresponsive to treatment.

A mastite é considerada uma das principais doenças que afetam rebanhos leiteiros ao redor do mundo e é causada principalmente por Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus spp. ambientais. Eventualmente, patógenos não convencionais, como Mycobacterium de crescimento rápido (RGM), podem também causar mastite crônica, a qual não respondera ao tratamento com antimicrobianos. O diagnóstico de mastite causada por RGM é uma tarefa difícil, e a maioria das vezes esse agente pode ser subdiagnosticado. Neste relato, descreveu-se um caso de mastite clínica em uma vaca, no sul do Brasil, causada por RGM Mycobacteroides abscessus, confirmado por caracterização microbiológica e molecular. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de um diagnóstico laboratorial detalhado para a identificação do agente e a inclusão deste como diagnóstico diferencial no reconhecimento de mastite crônica não responsiva ao tratamento.

Granulomatous lymphadenitis in a dog caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...

Granulomatous lymphadenitis in a dog caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...(AU)

Tuberculosis in bovine slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil / Tuberculose em bovinos abatidos no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Between November 2017 and August 2018, in order to determine the occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, 11,610 bovine carcasses underwent a routine post-mortem inspection. One animal presented suggestive lesions and samples from lung, spleen and heart were submitted to microbiological culture in Stonebrink medium for 90 days and molecular analysis by nested-PCR. For histopathological examination and Ziehl Neelsen staining, the omentum was used. In the cultured samples, two of them (heart and spleen) showed growth, but were not confirmed as M. bovis by conventional PCR. At nested-PCR, the samples showed amplification for the TbD1 region. The presence of numerous granulomas was detected in the histopathological examination characterized by anecrotic center and areas of mineralization, as well as the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the Ziehl Neelsen stain. Microbiological culture can show false negative results, despite being considered a gold standard technique, although it takes time. Nested-PCR and histopathology show fast and effective results for the diagnosis of the disease. The presence of positive animals represents a public health risk in the studied region. Therefore, one of the essential systems applied to the control of bovine tuberculosis is the epidemiological surveillance of animals in slaughterhouses.

Entre novembro de 2017 e agosto de 2018, com objetivo de determinar a ocorrência de tuberculose em bovinos abatidos no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, 11.610 carcaças de bovinos passaram por inspeção post-mortem de rotina. Um animal apresentou lesões sugestivas e amostras de pulmão, baço e coração foram submetidas ao cultivo microbiológico em meio Stonebrink por 90 dias e análise molecular pela nested-PCR. O omento foi utilizado para exame histopatológico e coloração de Ziehl Neelsen. Nas amostras cultivadas, duas (coração e baço) evidenciaram crescimento, mas M. bovis não foi confirmado na PCR convencional. Já na nested-PCR, as amostras exibiram amplificação para a região TbD1. Foi detectada a presença de inúmeros granulomas no exame histopatológico caracterizados por possuírem um centro necrótico e áreas de mineralização, bem como a presença de bacilos Álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR)na coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. A cultura microbiológica pode apresentar resultados falso-negativos, apesar de ser considerada uma técnica padrão-ouro, embora demorada. A nested-PCR e a histopatologia apresentam resultados rápidos e eficazes para o diagnóstico da enfermidade. A presença de animais positivos representa um risco a saúde pública na região estudada. Portanto, um dos sistemas essenciais aplicados ao controle da tuberculose bovina é a vigilância epidemiológica dos animais em abatedouros.

Tuberculosis in bovine slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil / Tuberculose em bovinos abatidos no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Between November 2017 and August 2018, in order to determine the occurrence of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, 11,610 bovine carcasses underwent a routine post-mortem inspection. One animal presented suggestive lesions and samples from lung, spleen and heart were submitted to microbiological culture in Stonebrink medium for 90 days and molecular analysis by nested-PCR. For histopathological examination and Ziehl Neelsen staining, the omentum was used. In the cultured samples, two of them (heart and spleen) showed growth, but were not confirmed as M. bovis by conventional PCR. At nested-PCR, the samples showed amplification for the TbD1 region. The presence of numerous granulomas was detected in the histopathological examination characterized by anecrotic center and areas of mineralization, as well as the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the Ziehl Neelsen stain. Microbiological culture can show false negative results, despite being considered a gold standard technique, although it takes time. Nested-PCR and histopathology show fast and effective results for the diagnosis of the disease. The presence of positive animals represents a public health risk in the studied region. Therefore, one of the essential systems applied to the control of bovine tuberculosis is the epidemiological surveillance of animals in slaughterhouses.(AU)

Entre novembro de 2017 e agosto de 2018, com objetivo de determinar a ocorrência de tuberculose em bovinos abatidos no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, 11.610 carcaças de bovinos passaram por inspeção post-mortem de rotina. Um animal apresentou lesões sugestivas e amostras de pulmão, baço e coração foram submetidas ao cultivo microbiológico em meio Stonebrink por 90 dias e análise molecular pela nested-PCR. O omento foi utilizado para exame histopatológico e coloração de Ziehl Neelsen. Nas amostras cultivadas, duas (coração e baço) evidenciaram crescimento, mas M. bovis não foi confirmado na PCR convencional. Já na nested-PCR, as amostras exibiram amplificação para a região TbD1. Foi detectada a presença de inúmeros granulomas no exame histopatológico caracterizados por possuírem um centro necrótico e áreas de mineralização, bem como a presença de bacilos Álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR)na coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. A cultura microbiológica pode apresentar resultados falso-negativos, apesar de ser considerada uma técnica padrão-ouro, embora demorada. A nested-PCR e a histopatologia apresentam resultados rápidos e eficazes para o diagnóstico da enfermidade. A presença de animais positivos representa um risco a saúde pública na região estudada. Portanto, um dos sistemas essenciais aplicados ao controle da tuberculose bovina é a vigilância epidemiológica dos animais em abatedouros.(AU)

Detection of mycobacteria in coalho cheese sold in Northeastern Brazil / Detecção de micobactérias em queijo de coalho comercializado no Nordeste do Brasil

The aim of the present study was to detect and identify Mycobaterium spp. in 50 samples of coalho cheese sold in the Northeast region of Brazil. Of the 50 analyzed samples, 35 were produced by the artisanal process, using raw milk, and 15 originated from industrialized establishments that pasteurize milk. Conventional and real-time nested PCR for the rv2807 gene of the M. tuberculosis complex was performed directly from the 50 analyzed samples. Samples of coalho cheese were grown simultaneously in Stonebrink medium, and conventional PCR was performed from the bacterial isolates with primers that flank differentiation region 4 (DR4), specific to M. bovis, mb400F. Bacterial isolates negative by PCR for RD4 were subjected to PCR for hsp65 of Mycobacterium spp., with subsequent DNA sequencing. The cultures were negative for the M. tuberculosis complex, but two samples (4%) from the artisanal process (with raw milk) exhibited identity with hsp65 of Mycobacterium lehmanii (Sequence ID: KY933786.1, identities: 312/363 [86%]); and Mycobacterium rutilum (sequence ID: LT629971.1, identities: 331/371 [89%]), showing to be indicative environmental contamination. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are emergent and ubiquitous microorganisms; therefore, they deserve greater attention in the cheese production chain, both in terms of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

O presente estudo teve como objetivo detectar e identificar Mycobaterium spp. em 50 amostras de queijo de coalho comercializados na região Nordeste do Brasil. Das 50 amostras analisadas, 35 foram produzidas pelo processo artesanal, com leite cru e 15 provenientes de estabelecimentos industrializados que realizam a pasteurização do leite. Nested-PCR convencional e em tempo real para o gene rv2807 do Complexo M. tuberculosis foi realizada diretamente das cinquenta amostras analisadas. Paralelamente, as amostras de queijo de coalho foram cultivadas em meio de Stonebrink e dos isolados bacterianos foi realizada PCR convencional com iniciadores que flanqueiam a região de diferenciação 4 (RD4), específica de M. bovis, mb400F. Os isolados bacterianos negativos na PCR para RD4 foram submetidos à PCR para hsp65 de Mycobacterium spp., com posterior sequenciamento do DNA. As culturas mostraram-se negativas para o Complexo M. tuberculosis, porém duas amostras oriundas do processo artesanal (com leite cru) (4%) apresentaram identidade com hsp65 de Mycobacterium lehmanii (ID da sequência: KY933786.1, identidades: 312/363 [86%]); e Mycobacterium rutilum (ID da sequência: LT629971.1, identidades: 331/371 [89%]), apontando-se como indicativos de contaminação ambiental. As micobactérias-não-tuberculosas (MNT) são microrganismos emergentes e de natureza ubíqua. Devido a essas características merecem maior atenção na cadeia produtiva de queijos, tanto nas boas práticas agropecuárias (BPAs) quanto nas boas práticas de fabricação de alimentos (BPFs).

Granuloma lepróide canino em Mineiros região Centro-Oeste do Brasil / Canine leproid granuloma in mineiros city Mid-West region of Brazil

Background: Among the bacterial dermopathy the canine leproid granuloma (CLG) is a nodular pyogranulomatous disorder that affects the skin or subcutaneous tissue mainly in the dorsal face of ear pinna, head, and extremity of memberscaused by Mycobacterium spp. The pathogenicity is still not well clarified regarding the causative agent, which has notyet been completely typified, but phylogenetically, it is related to Mycobacterium tilburgii, M. simiae, and M. genavense,in Brazil, by the species M. murphy. The objective of this study is to report a case of canine leproid granuloma, throughcytology and histopathology, and present the therapeutic procedures until the regression of cutaneous lesion.Case: A 5-year-old Boxer breed, intac male weighing 32 kg, was assisted at the Veterinary Clinic of UNIFIMES, in MineirosCity, Mid-West Region of Brazil, GO, Brazil. The animal had 4 nodules in the ears with evolution of 30 days, with nopruritus and without previous treatment. During the physical exam, the animal had normal physiological parameters. Thecutaneous lesions were characterised by papules and alopecic nodules of firm to fibroelastic consistency, with progressiveincrease, located in the convex face of the ears. The fine needle aspiration puncture technique (FNAP) and histopathologyfor a definitive diagnosis was used, allowing the differentiation between inflammatory processes, infectious and neoplastic. Furthermore, blood was collected for hemogram and biochemical analysis for the assessment of renal and hepaticfunctions. In cytology, the stained blades by the Diff-quick stain in the microscopic exam had elevated cellularity, withseveral macrophages, and bacilliform structures in the negative image. Staining was also conducted....

Detection of mycobacteria in coalho cheese sold in Northeastern Brazil / Detecção de micobactérias em queijo de coalho comercializado no Nordeste do Brasil

The aim of the present study was to detect and identify Mycobaterium spp. in 50 samples of coalho cheese sold in the Northeast region of Brazil. Of the 50 analyzed samples, 35 were produced by the artisanal process, using raw milk, and 15 originated from industrialized establishments that pasteurize milk. Conventional and real-time nested PCR for the rv2807 gene of the M. tuberculosis complex was performed directly from the 50 analyzed samples. Samples of coalho cheese were grown simultaneously in Stonebrink medium, and conventional PCR was performed from the bacterial isolates with primers that flank differentiation region 4 (DR4), specific to M. bovis, mb400F. Bacterial isolates negative by PCR for RD4 were subjected to PCR for hsp65 of Mycobacterium spp., with subsequent DNA sequencing. The cultures were negative for the M. tuberculosis complex, but two samples (4%) from the artisanal process (with raw milk) exhibited identity with hsp65 of Mycobacterium lehmanii (Sequence ID: KY933786.1, identities: 312/363 [86%]); and Mycobacterium rutilum (sequence ID: LT629971.1, identities: 331/371 [89%]), showing to be indicative environmental contamination. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are emergent and ubiquitous microorganisms; therefore, they deserve greater attention in the cheese production chain, both in terms of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)(AU)

O presente estudo teve como objetivo detectar e identificar Mycobaterium spp. em 50 amostras de queijo de coalho comercializados na região Nordeste do Brasil. Das 50 amostras analisadas, 35 foram produzidas pelo processo artesanal, com leite cru e 15 provenientes de estabelecimentos industrializados que realizam a pasteurização do leite. Nested-PCR convencional e em tempo real para o gene rv2807 do Complexo M. tuberculosis foi realizada diretamente das cinquenta amostras analisadas. Paralelamente, as amostras de queijo de coalho foram cultivadas em meio de Stonebrink e dos isolados bacterianos foi realizada PCR convencional com iniciadores que flanqueiam a região de diferenciação 4 (RD4), específica de M. bovis, mb400F. Os isolados bacterianos negativos na PCR para RD4 foram submetidos à PCR para hsp65 de Mycobacterium spp., com posterior sequenciamento do DNA. As culturas mostraram-se negativas para o Complexo M. tuberculosis, porém duas amostras oriundas do processo artesanal (com leite cru) (4%) apresentaram identidade com hsp65 de Mycobacterium lehmanii (ID da sequência: KY933786.1, identidades: 312/363 [86%]); e Mycobacterium rutilum (ID da sequência: LT629971.1, identidades: 331/371 [89%]), apontando-se como indicativos de contaminação ambiental. As micobactérias-não-tuberculosas (MNT) são microrganismos emergentes e de natureza ubíqua. Devido a essas características merecem maior atenção na cadeia produtiva de queijos, tanto nas boas práticas agropecuárias (BPAs) quanto nas boas práticas de fabricação de alimentos (BPFs).(AU)

Granuloma lepróide canino em Mineiros região Centro-Oeste do Brasil / Canine leproid granuloma in mineiros city Mid-West region of Brazil

Background: Among the bacterial dermopathy the canine leproid granuloma (CLG) is a nodular pyogranulomatous disorder that affects the skin or subcutaneous tissue mainly in the dorsal face of ear pinna, head, and extremity of memberscaused by Mycobacterium spp. The pathogenicity is still not well clarified regarding the causative agent, which has notyet been completely typified, but phylogenetically, it is related to Mycobacterium tilburgii, M. simiae, and M. genavense,in Brazil, by the species M. murphy. The objective of this study is to report a case of canine leproid granuloma, throughcytology and histopathology, and present the therapeutic procedures until the regression of cutaneous lesion.Case: A 5-year-old Boxer breed, intac male weighing 32 kg, was assisted at the Veterinary Clinic of UNIFIMES, in MineirosCity, Mid-West Region of Brazil, GO, Brazil. The animal had 4 nodules in the ears with evolution of 30 days, with nopruritus and without previous treatment. During the physical exam, the animal had normal physiological parameters. Thecutaneous lesions were characterised by papules and alopecic nodules of firm to fibroelastic consistency, with progressiveincrease, located in the convex face of the ears. The fine needle aspiration puncture technique (FNAP) and histopathologyfor a definitive diagnosis was used, allowing the differentiation between inflammatory processes, infectious and neoplastic. Furthermore, blood was collected for hemogram and biochemical analysis for the assessment of renal and hepaticfunctions. In cytology, the stained blades by the Diff-quick stain in the microscopic exam had elevated cellularity, withseveral macrophages, and bacilliform structures in the negative image. Staining was also conducted....(AU)

Exérese cirúrgica das lesões de um felino com micobacteriose cutânea atípica / Surgical debridement of the injuries of a feline with Atypical Skin Mycobacteriosis

As micobacterioses são bacilos resistentes a ácidos, causando doença crônica e progressiva em animais. Os felinos podem ser suscetíveis a infecções por micobactérias, especialmente quando há imunossupressão causada por retrovírus e / ou lesões por combate. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de micobacteriose felina atípica. Foi tratado em uma clínica veterinária particular, um felino, feminino, com histórico de ovariosalpingohisterectomia por um mês e com lesões fistulares na região da cirurgia. Foi realizada biópsia incisional e avaliação histopatológica, onde a análise foi compatível com micobacteriose atípica. A ressecção cirúrgica da maioria dos tecidos afetados foi realizada e a antibioticoterapia foi iniciada com marbofloxacina 2,2 mg / kg, SID, por 7 dias. Em vista do diagnóstico definitivo de micobacteriose atípica, doxiciclina 5 mg / kg, BID, foi adicionada à terapia por 90 dias, com regressão total da doença. A combinação de medicamentos com exérese cirúrgica é uma boa combinação terapêutica para uma remissão mais rápida da condição clínica.

Mycobacteriosis are acid-resistant bacilli causing chronic and progressive disease in animals. Felines may be susceptible to mycobacterial infections, especially when there is immunosuppression caused by retroviruses and / or fight injuries. The aim of this paper is to report a case of atypical feline mycobacteriosis. Was treated at a private veterinary clinic, a feline, female with a history of ovariosalpingohisterectomy for a month and with fistular lesions in the region of surgery. An incisional biopsy and histopathological evaluation were performed, where the analysis was compatible with atypical mycobacteriosis. Surgical resection of most of the affected tissue was performed and antibiotic therapy was started using marbofloxacin 2.2 mg/kg, SID, for 7 days. In view of the definitive diagnosis of atypical mycobacteriosis, doxycycline 5 mg/kg, BID, was added to the therapy for 90 days, with total regression of the condition. Combination of drugs with surgical exeresis is a good therapeutic combination for a faster remission of the clinical condition.

Exerése cirúrgica das lesões de um felino com micobacteriose cutânea atípica / Surgical debridement of the injuries of a feline with atypical skin mycobacteriosis

As micobacterioses são bacilos resistentes a ácidos, causando doença crônica e progressiva em animais. Os felinos podem ser suscetíveis a infecções por micobactérias, especialmente quando há imunossupressão causada por retrovírus e / ou lesões por combate. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de micobacteriose felina atípica. Foi tratado em uma clínica veterinária particular, um felino, feminino, com histórico de ováriosalpingohisterectomia por um mês e com lesões fistulares na região da cirurgia. Foi realizada biópsia incisional e avaliação histopatológica, onde a análise foi compatível com micobacteriose atípica. A ressecção cirúrgica da maioria dos tecidos afetados foi realizada e a antibioticoterapia foi iniciada com marbofloxacina 2,2 mg / kg, SID, por 7 dias. Em vista do diagnóstico definitivo de micobacteriose atípica, doxiciclina 5 mg / kg, BID, foi adicionada à terapia por 90 dias, com regressão total da doença. A combinação de medicamentos com exérese cirúrgica é uma boa combinação terapêutica para uma remissão mais rápida da condição clínica.(AU)

Mycobacteriosis are acid-resistant bacilli causing chronic and progressive disease in animals. Felines may be susceptible to mycobacterial infections, especially when there is immunosuppression caused by retroviruses and / or fight injuries. The aim of this paper is to report a case of atypical feline mycobacteriosis. Was treated at a private veterinary clinic, a feline, female with a history of ovariosalpingohisterectomy for a month and with fistular lesions in the region of surgery. An incisional biopsy and histopathological evaluation were performed, where the analysis was compatible with atypical mycobacteriosis. Surgical resection of most of the affected tissue was performed and antibiotic therapy was startedusing marbofloxacin 2.2 mg/kg, SID, for 7 days. In view of the definitive diagnosis of atypical mycobacteriosis, doxycycline 5 mg/kg, BID, was added to the therapy for 90 days, with total regression of the condition. Combination of drugs with surgical exeresis is a good therapeutic combination for a faster remission of the clinical condition.(AU)

Avian Mycobacteriosis in a rescued harpy eagle from Darien Forest, Panama

Background: The Harpy eagle (Harpia harpyia) is the largest raptor in the Neotropical region, distributed in low densities within primary forest habitats from southern Mexico to east-central Brazil, including Central America and Panama.Although locally extinct due to habitat degradation, human poaching and reduction of tropical forests in recent decades,some remnant populations are known to be small and isolated. Thus, information on its ecology, including infectiousdiseases, is critical for conservation efforts and management of populations of this emblematic species in the wild. AvianMycobacteriosis (AM) is a chronic disease affecting a wide range of birds and mammals and clinical cases have beensporadically reported, although in harpy eagles, has not been documented. In addition, scant information exists on pathologies affecting raptors, therefore, this report expands the knowledge on infectious diseases affecting wild birds. This studydescribes the first case of AM in an immature harpy eagle rescued from Darien gap and presents details of the clinicalmanifestation of the disease and its histological findings.Case: An immature harpy eagle was presented to a rescue center after being confiscated by Ministry of Environmentfrom a local farm in a remote region of Eastern Panama, in the Darien gap. The raptor had a history of having been keptin captivity for approximately five weeks, cohabiting with backyard poultry and fed corn, raw duck and chicken providedby farm owners. Stagnant water was offered for drinking. The harpy eagle arrived to the facility very lethargic and emaciated. Physical examination revealed damaged plumage, poor body condition and dyspnea. Complete blood count revealedanemia and leukocytosis based on lymphocytosis and eosinophilia. Biochemical profile evidenced an increased level ofaspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphorus and total plasma protein. Most remarkable radiographic findings weresplenomegaly...

Avian Mycobacteriosis in a rescued harpy eagle from Darien Forest, Panama

Background: The Harpy eagle (Harpia harpyia) is the largest raptor in the Neotropical region, distributed in low densities within primary forest habitats from southern Mexico to east-central Brazil, including Central America and Panama.Although locally extinct due to habitat degradation, human poaching and reduction of tropical forests in recent decades,some remnant populations are known to be small and isolated. Thus, information on its ecology, including infectiousdiseases, is critical for conservation efforts and management of populations of this emblematic species in the wild. AvianMycobacteriosis (AM) is a chronic disease affecting a wide range of birds and mammals and clinical cases have beensporadically reported, although in harpy eagles, has not been documented. In addition, scant information exists on pathologies affecting raptors, therefore, this report expands the knowledge on infectious diseases affecting wild birds. This studydescribes the first case of AM in an immature harpy eagle rescued from Darien gap and presents details of the clinicalmanifestation of the disease and its histological findings.Case: An immature harpy eagle was presented to a rescue center after being confiscated by Ministry of Environmentfrom a local farm in a remote region of Eastern Panama, in the Darien gap. The raptor had a history of having been keptin captivity for approximately five weeks, cohabiting with backyard poultry and fed corn, raw duck and chicken providedby farm owners. Stagnant water was offered for drinking. The harpy eagle arrived to the facility very lethargic and emaciated. Physical examination revealed damaged plumage, poor body condition and dyspnea. Complete blood count revealedanemia and leukocytosis based on lymphocytosis and eosinophilia. Biochemical profile evidenced an increased level ofaspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphorus and total plasma protein. Most remarkable radiographic findings weresplenomegaly...(AU)

Micobactérias diagnosticadas em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba

ABSTRACT: This report describes two cases of domestic cats infected with Mycobacterium sp. in the backland of Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. The animals manifested nonspecific clinical signs, characterized by progressive weight loss, dyspnea, cough and generalized lymphadenomegaly in one cases, and clinical evolution of one and seven months respectively. Macroscopically the lesions were restricted to superficial and/or deep lymph nodes and pulmonary parenchyma, characterized by multifocal or multifocal to coalescent, yellowish and irregular nodules that presented multifocal areas with yellowish, friable and caseous as well as multifocal to coalescent, white and firm areas. Histologically, it was observed lymphadenitis and granulomatous pneumonia in both cases, varying in intensity of inflammatory response and degree of mineralization. The granulomas were constituted by macrophages and epithelioid cells, some with marked necrosis and central mineralization, surrounded by a large amount of connective tissue. In the first case there were also discrete and random granulomatous hepatitis. In both cases alcohol-acid-resistant bacilli were visualized inside the cytoplasm of macrophages in Ziehl-Neelsen staining; there was immunostaining for Mycobacterium sp. in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Through PCR was identified only the genus Mycobacterium in Case 1, and Mycobacterium bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of Mycobacterium sp. In the cats was performed based on anatomopathological findings and immunohistochemistry. The PCR was performed the etiological diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in Case 1 and tuberculosis by M. bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of diseases caused by mycobacteria in cats, especially those in which M. bovis was involved, is extremely important for public health highlighting the zoonotic potential of this species, since many infected animals may be asymptomatic or show nonspecific clinical signs.

RESUMO: Descrevem-se dois casos de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Os animais apresentavam emagrecimento progressivo, dispneia, tosse e linfadenomegalia generalizada em um dos casos, com evolução clínica de um e sete meses, respectivamente. Macroscopicamente as lesões estavam restritas aos linfonodos superficiais e/ou profundos e parênquima pulmonar, caracterizadas por nódulos multifocais ou multifocais a coalescentes, amarelados, irregulares que ao corte apresentavam áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas, friáveis e caseosa, além de áreas multifocais brancacentas e firmes. Histologicamente, verificou-se linfadenite e pneumonia granulomatosa caracterizada por áreas centrais de necrose e mineralização central circundadas por macrófagos, células epiteliais e tecido conjuntivo fibroso. No primeiro caso havia ainda hepatite granulomatosa discreta e aleatória. Em ambos os casos, foram visualizados bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes livres e no citoplasma de macrófagos na coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. Houve imunomarcação para Mycobacterium sp. no citoplasma de macrófagos em ambos os casos. Na PCR, identificou-se apenas o gênero Mycobacterium no Caso 1 e Mycobacterium bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. nos felinos foi realizado com base nos achados anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímica. Pela PCR foi realizado o diagnóstico etiológico de micobacteriose no Caso 1 e tuberculose por M. bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico das doenças causadas por micobactérias em felinos, principalmente aquelas em que M. bovis esteja envolvido, é de extrema importância para a saúde pública, destacando o potencial zoonótico desta espécie, pois muitos animais infectados podem ser assintomáticos ou apresentarem sinais clínicos inespecíficos.

Micobactérias diagnosticadas em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba / Mycobacteriae diagnosed in domestic cats in the backland of Paraiba, Brazil

Descrevem-se dois casos de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Os animais apresentavam emagrecimento progressivo, dispneia, tosse e linfadenomegalia generalizada em um dos casos, com evolução clínica de um e sete meses, respectivamente. Macroscopicamente as lesões estavam restritas aos linfonodos superficiais e/ou profundos e parênquima pulmonar, caracterizadas por nódulos multifocais ou multifocais a coalescentes, amarelados, irregulares que ao corte apresentavam áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas, friáveis e caseosa, além de áreas multifocais brancacentas e firmes. Histologicamente, verificou-se linfadenite e pneumonia granulomatosa caracterizada por áreas centrais de necrose e mineralização central circundadas por macrófagos, células epiteliais e tecido conjuntivo fibroso. No primeiro caso havia ainda hepatite granulomatosa discreta e aleatória. Em ambos os casos, foram visualizados bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes livres e no citoplasma de macrófagos na coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. Houve imunomarcação para Mycobacterium sp. no citoplasma de macrófagos em ambos os casos. Na PCR, identificou-se apenas o gênero Mycobacterium no Caso 1 e Mycobacterium bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. nos felinos foi realizado com base nos achados anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímica. Pela PCR foi realizado o diagnóstico etiológico de micobacteriose no Caso 1 e tuberculose por M. bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico das doenças causadas por micobactérias em felinos, principalmente aquelas em que M. bovis esteja envolvido, é de extrema importância para a saúde pública, destacando o potencial zoonótico desta espécie, pois muitos animais infectados podem ser assintomáticos ou apresentarem sinais clínicos inespecíficos.(AU)

This report describes two cases of domestic cats infected with Mycobacterium sp. in the backland of Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. The animals manifested nonspecific clinical signs, characterized by progressive weight loss, dyspnea, cough and generalized lymphadenomegaly in one cases, and clinical evolution of one and seven months respectively. Macroscopically the lesions were restricted to superficial and/or deep lymph nodes and pulmonary parenchyma, characterized by multifocal or multifocal to coalescent, yellowish and irregular nodules that presented multifocal areas with yellowish, friable and caseous as well as multifocal to coalescent, white and firm areas. Histologically, it was observed lymphadenitis and granulomatous pneumonia in both cases, varying in intensity of inflammatory response and degree of mineralization. The granulomas were constituted by macrophages and epithelioid cells, some with marked necrosis and central mineralization, surrounded by a large amount of connective tissue. In the first case there were also discrete and random granulomatous hepatitis. In both cases alcohol-acid-resistant bacilli were visualized inside the cytoplasm of macrophages in Ziehl-Neelsen staining; there was immunostaining for Mycobacterium sp. in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Through PCR was identified only the genus Mycobacterium in Case 1, and Mycobacterium bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of Mycobacterium sp. In the cats was performed based on anatomopathological findings and immunohistochemistry. The PCR was performed the etiological diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in Case 1 and tuberculosis by M. bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of diseases caused by mycobacteria in cats, especially those in which M. bovis was involved, is extremely important for public health highlighting the zoonotic potential of this species, since many infected animals may be asymptomatic or show nonspecific clinical signs.(AU)

PCR-based identification of Mycobacterium murphy causing Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome in Niterói, southeast Brazil - case report / Identificação baseada em PCR de Mycobacterium murphy causando Síndrome do Granuloma Lepróide Canino em Niterói, sudeste do Brasil ˗ Relato de Caso

Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome (CLGS), also known as canine leprosy, is a cutaneous nodular infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium sp.. Despite being reported worldwide, it is still quite unknown and underdiagnosed. Diagnosis may be achieved by cytopathology or histopathology of skin lesions, but identification of the infectious agent is complex, since bacterial in vitro growth is not possible, relying upon molecular techniques such as PCR to confirm Mycobacterium DNA in the sample. We report a CLGS case in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, diagnosed by cytopathology and submitted to molecular identification of the agent. PCR amplification of hsp65 gene was performed and revealed 100% genetic homology to M. murphy strain. This is the first CLGS report with molecular identification in Rio de Janeiro state, and this finding should raise awareness about CLGS as a differential diagnosis among granulomatous skin diseases in this region.(AU)

A síndrome de granuloma leproide canino (SGLC), também conhecida como lepra canina, é uma doença infecciosa cutânea nodular causada por Mycobacterium sp. Apesar de ser relatada mundialmente, ainda é bastante desconhecida e subdiagnosticada. O diagnóstico pode ser conseguido por citopatologia ou histopatologia de lesões cutâneas, mas a identificação do agente infeccioso é complexa, uma vez que o crescimento in vitro bacteriano não é possível, dependendo de técnicas moleculares como a PCR para confirmar o DNA de Mycobacterium na amostra. Relatou-se um caso da SGLC em Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, diagnosticado por citopatologia e submetido à identificação molecular do agente. Foi realizada amplificação por PCR do gene hsp65, que revelou 100% de homologia genética com a cepa M. murphy. Este é o primeiro relato da SGLC com identificação molecular no estado do Rio de Janeiro, o que mostra a importância de se acrescentar a SGLC ao diagnóstico diferencial das doenças granulomatosas de pele nessa região.(AU)

Micobactérias diagnosticadas em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba / Mycobacteriae diagnosed in domestic cats in the backland of Paraiba, Brazil

Descrevem-se dois casos de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. em gatos domésticos no sertão da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Os animais apresentavam emagrecimento progressivo, dispneia, tosse e linfadenomegalia generalizada em um dos casos, com evolução clínica de um e sete meses, respectivamente. Macroscopicamente as lesões estavam restritas aos linfonodos superficiais e/ou profundos e parênquima pulmonar, caracterizadas por nódulos multifocais ou multifocais a coalescentes, amarelados, irregulares que ao corte apresentavam áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas, friáveis e caseosa, além de áreas multifocais brancacentas e firmes. Histologicamente, verificou-se linfadenite e pneumonia granulomatosa caracterizada por áreas centrais de necrose e mineralização central circundadas por macrófagos, células epiteliais e tecido conjuntivo fibroso. No primeiro caso havia ainda hepatite granulomatosa discreta e aleatória. Em ambos os casos, foram visualizados bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes livres e no citoplasma de macrófagos na coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. Houve imunomarcação para Mycobacterium sp. no citoplasma de macrófagos em ambos os casos. Na PCR, identificou-se apenas o gênero Mycobacterium no Caso 1 e Mycobacterium bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico de infecção por Mycobacterium sp. nos felinos foi realizado com base nos achados anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímica. Pela PCR foi realizado o diagnóstico etiológico de micobacteriose no Caso 1 e tuberculose por M. bovis no Caso 2. O diagnóstico das doenças causadas por micobactérias em felinos, principalmente aquelas em que M. bovis esteja envolvido, é de extrema importância para a saúde pública, destacando o potencial zoonótico desta espécie, pois muitos animais infectados podem ser assintomáticos ou apresentarem sinais clínicos inespecíficos.(AU)

This report describes two cases of domestic cats infected with Mycobacterium sp. in the backland of Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. The animals manifested nonspecific clinical signs, characterized by progressive weight loss, dyspnea, cough and generalized lymphadenomegaly in one cases, and clinical evolution of one and seven months respectively. Macroscopically the lesions were restricted to superficial and/or deep lymph nodes and pulmonary parenchyma, characterized by multifocal or multifocal to coalescent, yellowish and irregular nodules that presented multifocal areas with yellowish, friable and caseous as well as multifocal to coalescent, white and firm areas. Histologically, it was observed lymphadenitis and granulomatous pneumonia in both cases, varying in intensity of inflammatory response and degree of mineralization. The granulomas were constituted by macrophages and epithelioid cells, some with marked necrosis and central mineralization, surrounded by a large amount of connective tissue. In the first case there were also discrete and random granulomatous hepatitis. In both cases alcohol-acid-resistant bacilli were visualized inside the cytoplasm of macrophages in Ziehl-Neelsen staining; there was immunostaining for Mycobacterium sp. in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Through PCR was identified only the genus Mycobacterium in Case 1, and Mycobacterium bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of Mycobacterium sp. In the cats was performed based on anatomopathological findings and immunohistochemistry. The PCR was performed the etiological diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in Case 1 and tuberculosis by M. bovis in Case 2. The diagnosis of diseases caused by mycobacteria in cats, especially those in which M. bovis was involved, is extremely important for public health highlighting the zoonotic potential of this species, since many infected animals may be asymptomatic or show nonspecific clinical signs.(AU)

PCR-based identification of Mycobacterium murphy causing Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome in Niterói, southeast Brazil - case report / Identificação baseada em PCR de Mycobacterium murphy causando Síndrome do Granuloma Lepróide Canino em Niterói, sudeste do Brasil ˗ Relato de Caso

Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome (CLGS), also known as canine leprosy, is a cutaneous nodular infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium sp.. Despite being reported worldwide, it is still quite unknown and underdiagnosed. Diagnosis may be achieved by cytopathology or histopathology of skin lesions, but identification of the infectious agent is complex, since bacterial in vitro growth is not possible, relying upon molecular techniques such as PCR to confirm Mycobacterium DNA in the sample. We report a CLGS case in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, diagnosed by cytopathology and submitted to molecular identification of the agent. PCR amplification of hsp65 gene was performed and revealed 100% genetic homology to M. murphy strain. This is the first CLGS report with molecular identification in Rio de Janeiro state, and this finding should raise awareness about CLGS as a differential diagnosis among granulomatous skin diseases in this region.(AU)

A síndrome de granuloma leproide canino (SGLC), também conhecida como lepra canina, é uma doença infecciosa cutânea nodular causada por Mycobacterium sp. Apesar de ser relatada mundialmente, ainda é bastante desconhecida e subdiagnosticada. O diagnóstico pode ser conseguido por citopatologia ou histopatologia de lesões cutâneas, mas a identificação do agente infeccioso é complexa, uma vez que o crescimento in vitro bacteriano não é possível, dependendo de técnicas moleculares como a PCR para confirmar o DNA de Mycobacterium na amostra. Relatou-se um caso da SGLC em Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, diagnosticado por citopatologia e submetido à identificação molecular do agente. Foi realizada amplificação por PCR do gene hsp65, que revelou 100% de homologia genética com a cepa M. murphy. Este é o primeiro relato da SGLC com identificação molecular no estado do Rio de Janeiro, o que mostra a importância de se acrescentar a SGLC ao diagnóstico diferencial das doenças granulomatosas de pele nessa região.(AU)