Resumo

A equipe técnica do Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Sanidade Animal Geraldo Manhães Carneiro (CEPGM), da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (PESAGRO-RIO), realizou em 2009, levantamento epidemiológico para Brucelose através do teste de triagem Teste do Anel do Leite (TAL) no município de Carmo. Foram testados 30 tanques de expansão, entre eles, comunitários, da Cooperativa e Laticínio local e tanques individuais. Como resultado do teste realizado no CEPGM, observou-se a prevalência de 38% para Brucelose bovina no município, indicando expressiva necessidade de aplicação de medidas de profilaxia e controle. Assim, foi instituída vacinação gratuita no município, em março de 2009. Durante 9 anos e 6 meses ininterruptos, foram vacinadas 18.777 bezerras. Em agosto de 2018, um novo levantamento epidemiológico foi realizado, procurando atingir os mesmos pontos de coleta do levantamento de 2009. Foi observada a prevalência de 6,6% para Brucelose, representando a expressiva redução de 83% na prevalência da doença nos rebanhos do município em questão.

Resumo

Reproductive diseases are extremely important for the livestock industry. Although reproductivediseases usually result in low mortality rates, they have devastating effects on reproductive performance andtherefore negatively impacting animal production. Here we discuss the most important disease of cattle, withfocus on the female genital system, including sexual development disorders, diseases of the ovary and uterus,and fetal-placental diseases, with focus on brucellosis.

Resumo

In this study, we developed new sets of primers to detect Brucella spp. and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) through isothermal amplification. We selected a previously well-characterized target gene, bscp31, specific for Brucella spp. and IS900 for MAP. The limits of detection using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocols described herein were similar to those of conventional PCR targeting the same sequences. Hydroxynaphtol blue and SYBR GreenTM allowed direct naked-eye detection with identical sensitivity as agarose gel electrophoresis. We included the LAMP-based protocol in a rapid identification scheme of the respective pathogens, and all tested isolates were correctly identified within 2 to 3 h. In addition, both protocols were suitable for specifically identifying the respective pathogens; in the case of Brucella, it also allowed the identification of all the biovars tested. We conclude that LAMP is a suitable rapid molecular typing tool that could help to shorten the time required to identify insidious bacteria in low-complexity laboratories, mainly in developing countries.

Resumo

The importance of the breeding soundness evaluation to improve the fertility of herds is described. With a cattle density of 205 million head, beef cattle in Brazil presents great economic importance, being the largest exporter and second largest producer of meat. This quantitative focus does not represent the reality on the productivity of herds, with observed rates low production and reproductive performance. The breeding soundness evaluation as a routine reproductive management, assumes an important role to aid to the selection of animals with normal genital systems, improving the fertility of the herd and contributes directly for diagnosis of reproductive diseases and condition of sexual and reproductive maturity of the bulls. The identification of markers of fertility in the semen with rapid tests, can contribute to the selection of bulls with better reproductive potential.

Resumo

Live cattle export is one of the newest commercial sectors available to Brazilian farmers, but to be exported animals must be free of infectious diseases, especially those prohibited by the countries importing them. In this study, 1,800 bovine sera were collected from animals destined for export in the Brazilian states of Goiás (GO), Minas Gerais (MG), and São Paulo (SP). The sera were tested for bovine brucellosis (BB), paratuberculosis (PTB), enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), and bovine viral diarrhea (BVD). This was the first study in Brazil to conduct a serological survey for bovine PTB in the states of SP, GO, and MG, and the first survey for BVD in GO. The total percentage of animals positive for each disease was 0.33% (2/1,800) for BB, 16.17% (97/1,800) for PTB, 31.50% (189/1,800) for EBL, and 9.67% (58/1,800) for BVD.

A exportação de bovinos vivos é uma das novas áreas comerciais em que o Brasil está inserido, porém é necessário que os animais sejam livres de doenças infectocontagiosas, principalmente as exigidas pelos países importadores. Os 1800 soros utilizados neste estudo foram de bovinos dos Estados de Goiás (GO), Minas Gerais (MG) e São Paulo (SP), que seriam destinados à exportação. Foram realizados os diagnósticos sorológicos para brucelose bovina (BB), paratuberculose (PTB), leucose enzoótica bovina (EBL) e diarreia viral bovina (BVD), sendo este o primeiro trabalho no Brasil a realizar o levantamento sorológico para PTB em bovinos nos Estados de SP, GO e MG, e de BVD em GO. A porcentagem total de animais positivos para cada uma das patologias foi de 0,33% (2/1800) para BB; 16,17% (97/1800) para PTB; 31,50% (189/ 1800) para EBL e 9,67% (58/1800) para BVD.