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1.
Ars vet ; 35(2): 73-77, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1463502

Resumo

O estudo anatômico descreve os aspectos normais da conformação de determinada espécie, ou seja, as características que ocorrem com alta frequência nesta. Desta forma, quando um evento ocorre na maioria dos indivíduos de uma espécie, ele é considerado como normal. Embora também sejam observadas as variações anatômicas, caracterizadas pela alteração no padrão normal, em anatomia, define-se variação como um pequeno desvio do aspecto morfológico normal de um órgão ou ainda o desvio do plano geral de organização de um indivíduo, eventos que em animais e humanos é bastante estudado. No presente caso, a fissura craniofacial é considerada uma anomalia congênita rara de etiologia desconhecida. A localização é geralmente em determinadas linhas das pálpebras, sobrancelhas, narinas, lábios e maxilas, atingindo partes moles e ósseas. Na medicina veterinária é pouco estudada e sua classificação está baseada nas alterações observadas em humanos baseada nas relações anatômicas. As fissuras podem-se apresentar com as características de excesso de tecido ou agenesia dos mesmos. Em humanos, dependendo do caso, o tratamento é baseado em sutura dos tecidos moles, em três planos: cutâneo, muscular e mucoso; zetaplastias; tratamento ortodôntico; enxertos ósseos, quando necessário já em animais na bibliografia consultada não foram encontrados casos com tratamento. O presente relato descreve as alterações relacionadas com uma fissura craniofacial associado à palatosquise, queilosquise, macroglossia, ausência da órbita ocular e consequentemente o globo ocular em um neonato de cão.


The anatomical study describes the normal aspects of the conformation of a certain species, that is, the characteristics that occur with high frequency in this. In this way, when an event occurs in most individuals of a species, it is considered as normal. Although anatomical variations are also observed, characterized by the alteration in the normal pattern in anatomy, it is defined as a small deviation from the normal morphological aspect of an organ or the deviation from the general plane of organization of an individual, events that in animals and humans is well studied. In the present case, craniofacial fissure is considered a rare congenital anomaly of unknown etiology. The location is usually in certain lines of eyelids, eyebrows, nostrils, lips and jaws, reaching soft and bony parts. In veterinary medicine it is little studied and its classification is based on the changes observed in humans based on the anatomical relations. The cracks may present with the characteristics of excess tissue or agenesis of the same. In humans, depending on the case, the treatment is based on suture of the soft tissues, in three planes: cutaneous, muscular and mucous; zetaplasty; orthodontic treatment; bone grafts, when necessary already in animals in the consulted bibliography there were no cases with treatment. The present report describes the changes related to a craniofacial fissure associated to palatoschisis, cheiloschisis, macroglossia, absence of the ocular orbit and consequently the eyeball in a newborn of dog.


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Anormalidades Congênitas/patologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/veterinária , Fissura Palatina/patologia , Fissura Palatina/veterinária , Macroglossia/patologia , Macroglossia/veterinária , Teratologia
2.
Ars Vet. ; 35(2): 73-77, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-23043

Resumo

O estudo anatômico descreve os aspectos normais da conformação de determinada espécie, ou seja, as características que ocorrem com alta frequência nesta. Desta forma, quando um evento ocorre na maioria dos indivíduos de uma espécie, ele é considerado como normal. Embora também sejam observadas as variações anatômicas, caracterizadas pela alteração no padrão normal, em anatomia, define-se variação como um pequeno desvio do aspecto morfológico normal de um órgão ou ainda o desvio do plano geral de organização de um indivíduo, eventos que em animais e humanos é bastante estudado. No presente caso, a fissura craniofacial é considerada uma anomalia congênita rara de etiologia desconhecida. A localização é geralmente em determinadas linhas das pálpebras, sobrancelhas, narinas, lábios e maxilas, atingindo partes moles e ósseas. Na medicina veterinária é pouco estudada e sua classificação está baseada nas alterações observadas em humanos baseada nas relações anatômicas. As fissuras podem-se apresentar com as características de excesso de tecido ou agenesia dos mesmos. Em humanos, dependendo do caso, o tratamento é baseado em sutura dos tecidos moles, em três planos: cutâneo, muscular e mucoso; zetaplastias; tratamento ortodôntico; enxertos ósseos, quando necessário já em animais na bibliografia consultada não foram encontrados casos com tratamento. O presente relato descreve as alterações relacionadas com uma fissura craniofacial associado à palatosquise, queilosquise, macroglossia, ausência da órbita ocular e consequentemente o globo ocular em um neonato de cão.(AU)


The anatomical study describes the normal aspects of the conformation of a certain species, that is, the characteristics that occur with high frequency in this. In this way, when an event occurs in most individuals of a species, it is considered as normal. Although anatomical variations are also observed, characterized by the alteration in the normal pattern in anatomy, it is defined as a small deviation from the normal morphological aspect of an organ or the deviation from the general plane of organization of an individual, events that in animals and humans is well studied. In the present case, craniofacial fissure is considered a rare congenital anomaly of unknown etiology. The location is usually in certain lines of eyelids, eyebrows, nostrils, lips and jaws, reaching soft and bony parts. In veterinary medicine it is little studied and its classification is based on the changes observed in humans based on the anatomical relations. The cracks may present with the characteristics of excess tissue or agenesis of the same. In humans, depending on the case, the treatment is based on suture of the soft tissues, in three planes: cutaneous, muscular and mucous; zetaplasty; orthodontic treatment; bone grafts, when necessary already in animals in the consulted bibliography there were no cases with treatment. The present report describes the changes related to a craniofacial fissure associated to palatoschisis, cheiloschisis, macroglossia, absence of the ocular orbit and consequently the eyeball in a newborn of dog.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Macroglossia/veterinária , Macroglossia/patologia , Fissura Palatina/veterinária , Fissura Palatina/patologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/veterinária , Anormalidades Congênitas/patologia , Teratologia
3.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(2,supl.2): 16-18, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19557

Resumo

Ultrasonography currently has great utility in the veterinary clinical routine of small animals with regard to gestation. Fetal hydrops is characterized as malformation that causes abnormal accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous tissue. A Yorkshire terrier dog, 6 years old, was referred to the imaging department of VETCLINIC Veterinary Hospital 24 hours for gestational ultrasonographic evaluation, where it can be observed that the patient was pregnant with only one cub and that it had full cysts of fluid detected in the subcutaneous tissue, in addition to pleural effusion associated with echogenic and with drawn lungs. The animal was then referred to the surgical center for cesarean section, where the fetus was found to be enlarged due to edema, and died a few minutes later. Ultrasound examination in the prenatal of the female canine was indispensable for the diagnosis of the fetal abnormality.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Hidropisia Fetal/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidropisia Fetal/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Hidropisia Fetal/mortalidade , Anormalidades Teratoides Graves/diagnóstico por imagem , Anormalidades Teratoides Graves/veterinária
4.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(2,supl.2): 16-18, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472387

Resumo

Ultrasonography currently has great utility in the veterinary clinical routine of small animals with regard to gestation. Fetal hydrops is characterized as malformation that causes abnormal accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous tissue. A Yorkshire terrier dog, 6 years old, was referred to the imaging department of VETCLINIC Veterinary Hospital 24 hours for gestational ultrasonographic evaluation, where it can be observed that the patient was pregnant with only one cub and that it had full cysts of fluid detected in the subcutaneous tissue, in addition to pleural effusion associated with echogenic and with drawn lungs. The animal was then referred to the surgical center for cesarean section, where the fetus was found to be enlarged due to edema, and died a few minutes later. Ultrasound examination in the prenatal of the female canine was indispensable for the diagnosis of the fetal abnormality.


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Hidropisia Fetal/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidropisia Fetal/mortalidade , Hidropisia Fetal/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Anormalidades Teratoides Graves/diagnóstico por imagem , Anormalidades Teratoides Graves/veterinária
5.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 40(4): 01-06, 2012.
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1457039

Resumo

Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identifi ed or the etiology is unknown.Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypop


Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identifi ed or the etiology is unknown.Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypop

6.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 40(4): Pub. 1087, 2012. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1377771

Resumo

Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identified or the etiology is unknown. Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypoplasia of the soft palate. Microscopically, the microphthalmia was confirmed, and were observed dysplastic structures similar to the lens, retina and the ciliary body, and periocular glandular structures, as well as confirmed aplasia cutis in the hard palate with abrupt failure in the ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. Based on epidemiological findings, as well as the types of macroscopic and microscopic changes observed in this study, suggests hereditary component to the pathogenesis of these malformations. Discussion: The epidemiological and clinicopathological findings presented by the three Persian cats malformed suggested hereditary congenital abnormalities associated with high degree of inbreeding. Inbreeding corresponds to the crossing between individuals of the same family tree, it is reported in many species and allows unwanted remaining genes being passed on and increase the chances of defects and hereditary diseases in the offspring. Although many of these abnormalities are infrequent and many of them are rare in cats. Several reports point to possible etiologies associated with genetic defects and hereditary diseases in cats. However, there are many congenital abnormalities similar to those observed in this study developed after exposure to stressors during pregnancy, not observed in this work. In this study the association of multiple hereditary anomalies with changes occurring in the offspring are enhanced not only by the account of inbreeding in the cattery, but also by the data concerning the handling of animals, which ruled out the possibility of changes caused by medications or stress caused by the cat during pregnancy. Comparing the human species the chances of the conditions described in this report are inherited are high and can be seen as a consensus among most authors, that animals with these defects should not be introduced into breeding schemes. There are no reports of malformations similar to those observed in this study, occurring simultaneously in the feline species in Brazil. Because of possible hereditary etiology is recommended castration of animals which survive to the abnormalities.


Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Palato Mole , Pelve , Artrogripose/veterinária , Doenças do Gato , Gatos/anormalidades , Abdome , Olho , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/veterinária , Cavidade Nasal/anormalidades
7.
Acta Sci. Biol. Sci. ; 32(4): 423-429, out.-dez.2010. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-6559

Resumo

Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler is a common plant in Brazilian cerrado. Fruits of thisplant are employed in human feeding and folk medicine. Cattle producers affirm thatconsumption of the fruits cause abortion in cows, and even death. Considering that the plantmay be consumed by pregnant women and animals, the present study was undertaken toevaluate the possible toxic effects of the ingestion of B. tomentosa fruit (10% added to the diet),from the first to the twenty-first days of gestation, on reproductive parameters and on physicaland neurobehavioral development of rats offspring. An increase in food consumption atpregnancy days 11 and 17, and weight increase at day 17 of pregnancy were observed. Besidesthat, we verified an increase in weight of male offspring on post natal day 1. Other parameterswere not affected by plant consumption. These results indicate that the consumption ofB. tomentosa at 10% during pregnancy cause slight toxicological effects. The changes verified inthe present study indicate toxic action of the fruit possibly induced by flavonoids with hormonalaction; however, further studies must be accomplished to corroborate this hypothesis.(AU)


Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler é uma planta típica do cerrado brasileiro. Os frutos desta planta sãoempregados na alimentação humana e medicina popular. Criadores de bovinos afirmam que oconsumo desta planta produz aborto em vacas bem como a morte destes animais. Uma vez que aplanta pode ser consumida pelo homem e animais, em idade fértil e inclusive gestantes, opresente estudo avaliou os possíveis efeitos tóxicos da ingestão de dieta com 10% de frutos deB. tomentosa do primeiro ao vigésimo primeiro dia de gestação sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos esobre o desenvolvimento físico e neurocomportamental das ninhadas de ratos. Foram observadaselevações no consumo de alimentos nos dias 11 e 17 de gestação e no peso ao dia 17 de gestação.Aumento do peso dos filhotes machos foi verificado no primeiro dia após o nascimento. Outrosparâmetros não foram afetados pelo consumo da planta. Estes resultados indicam que a ingestão,durante a gestação, de uma dieta acrescida com 10% de B. tomentosa causa efeitos tóxicos leves. Asalterações verificadas no presente estudo indicam ação tóxica do fruto possivelmente induzidospor flavonoides de ação hormonal; no entanto, estudos detalhados devem ser conduzidos paragarantir esta hipótese.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Teratologia , Flavonoides , Toxicologia
8.
Patos; s.n; 01/12/2012. 54 p.
Tese em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1505143

Resumo

Esta tese inclui uma revisão de literatura e dois artigos. O primeiro capítulo é uma revisão que abrange princípios gerais da teratologia, a epidemiologia, o diagnóstico, a clínica e a patologia das malformações em pequenos ruminantes. No artigo que corresponde ao segundo capítulo, foi estudado a teratogenicidade de Mimosa tenuiflora. Quinze ovelhas, distribuídas em dois grupos foram introduzidas em área invadida pela planta. O Grupo 1, com seis ovelhas prenhes, foi introduzido na área experimental 20 dias após o acasalamento. O Grupo 2, formado por nove ovelhas não prenhes e um carneiro, foi introduzido na área experimental no início do experimento. A cada 15 dias eram realizados exames ultrassonográficos para acompanhamento da gestação. No Grupo 1, três ovelhas abortaram, cada uma um feto sem malformações. No Grupo 1, três ovelhas abortaram, cada uma um feto sem malformações. Outra ovelha pariu um cordeiro com hiperflexão dos dois membros pélvicos na região da articulação tarso- metatársica. No grupo 2, uma ovelha abortou um feto sem malformações e cinco pariram cordeiros normais. Três das ovelhas desse grupo não emprenharam durante todo o período experimental, mostrando retornos repetidos ao cio, sugerindo perda embrionária. Concluiu-se que M. tenuiflora, além de causar malformações causa, também, mortalidade embrionária e abortos em ovelhas. No terceiro capitulo, o artigo relata os achados clínicos e patológicos de um caprino com lisencefalia e hipoplasia cerebelar. No exame físico, esse caprino de 30 dias, apresentava incoordenação e incapacidade de ficar em pé, decúbito esternal permanente, ataxia, ausência do reflexo de ameaça, tremores de intenção e nistagmo. Após 11 dias de internamento o caprino foi eutanasiado e necropsiado. [...] Os achados macroscópicos e histológicos são característicos de lisencefalia e hipoplasia cerebelar. Lisencefalia é uma doença rara na medicina veterinária e não tinha sido descrita em caprinos.


This thesis includes a review and two papers. The first chapter is a review about general principles of teratology and epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical signs and pathology of malformations in small ruminants. The second chapter is a paper that studied the teratogenicity of Mimosa tenuiflora. Fifteen sheep, divided into two groups, were introduced into an area invaded by the plant. Group 1 consisted of six pregnant ewes that were introduced into the experimental area 20 days after mating. Group 2 consisted of nine non pregnant sheep and a ram introduced into the area at the start of the experiment. Every 15 days each sheep was examined by ultrasound to control pregnancy. In Group 1, three sheep aborted single fetuses without malformations. One sheep delivered two lambs, one with hyperflexion of the proximal inter-phalangeal joint of the right forelimb and another without malformations. Another sheep delivered a lamb with a hyperflexion of both hindlimbs in the region of the tarsal-metatarsal joint. Only one sheep delivered a normal lamb. In Group 2, one sheep aborted a fetus without malformations and five delivered normal lambs. Three sheep of this group returned to estrus repeatedly and did not get pregnant during the mating period, suggesting embryonic loss. It is concluded that M. tenuiflora cause malformations, embryonic mortality and abortion in sheep. In the third chapter, the paper relates a case of lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in a goat. The goat presented sternal recumbence, absent menace response, intention tremors, ataxia, and nystagmus. It was euthanized and necropsied after been hospitalized during eleven days. [...] The histologic and gross lesions are characteristic of lissencephaly associated with cerebellar hypoplasia. Lissencephaly is a rare disease in veterinary medicine and had not been reported previously in goats.


Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Cabras/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas Tóxicas/efeitos adversos , Teratogênicos/toxicidade , Ultrassonografia/veterinária
9.
Patos; s.n; 01/12/2012. 54 p.
Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-212

Resumo

Esta tese inclui uma revisão de literatura e dois artigos. O primeiro capítulo é uma revisão que abrange princípios gerais da teratologia, a epidemiologia, o diagnóstico, a clínica e a patologia das malformações em pequenos ruminantes. No artigo que corresponde ao segundo capítulo, foi estudado a teratogenicidade de Mimosa tenuiflora. Quinze ovelhas, distribuídas em dois grupos foram introduzidas em área invadida pela planta. O Grupo 1, com seis ovelhas prenhes, foi introduzido na área experimental 20 dias após o acasalamento. O Grupo 2, formado por nove ovelhas não prenhes e um carneiro, foi introduzido na área experimental no início do experimento. A cada 15 dias eram realizados exames ultrassonográficos para acompanhamento da gestação. No Grupo 1, três ovelhas abortaram, cada uma um feto sem malformações. No Grupo 1, três ovelhas abortaram, cada uma um feto sem malformações. Outra ovelha pariu um cordeiro com hiperflexão dos dois membros pélvicos na região da articulação tarso- metatársica. No grupo 2, uma ovelha abortou um feto sem malformações e cinco pariram cordeiros normais. Três das ovelhas desse grupo não emprenharam durante todo o período experimental, mostrando retornos repetidos ao cio, sugerindo perda embrionária. Concluiu-se que M. tenuiflora, além de causar malformações causa, também, mortalidade embrionária e abortos em ovelhas. No terceiro capitulo, o artigo relata os achados clínicos e patológicos de um caprino com lisencefalia e hipoplasia cerebelar. No exame físico, esse caprino de 30 dias, apresentava incoordenação e incapacidade de ficar em pé, decúbito esternal permanente, ataxia, ausência do reflexo de ameaça, tremores de intenção e nistagmo. Após 11 dias de internamento o caprino foi eutanasiado e necropsiado. [...] Os achados macroscópicos e histológicos são característicos de lisencefalia e hipoplasia cerebelar. Lisencefalia é uma doença rara na medicina veterinária e não tinha sido descrita em caprinos.(AU)


This thesis includes a review and two papers. The first chapter is a review about general principles of teratology and epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical signs and pathology of malformations in small ruminants. The second chapter is a paper that studied the teratogenicity of Mimosa tenuiflora. Fifteen sheep, divided into two groups, were introduced into an area invaded by the plant. Group 1 consisted of six pregnant ewes that were introduced into the experimental area 20 days after mating. Group 2 consisted of nine non pregnant sheep and a ram introduced into the area at the start of the experiment. Every 15 days each sheep was examined by ultrasound to control pregnancy. In Group 1, three sheep aborted single fetuses without malformations. One sheep delivered two lambs, one with hyperflexion of the proximal inter-phalangeal joint of the right forelimb and another without malformations. Another sheep delivered a lamb with a hyperflexion of both hindlimbs in the region of the tarsal-metatarsal joint. Only one sheep delivered a normal lamb. In Group 2, one sheep aborted a fetus without malformations and five delivered normal lambs. Three sheep of this group returned to estrus repeatedly and did not get pregnant during the mating period, suggesting embryonic loss. It is concluded that M. tenuiflora cause malformations, embryonic mortality and abortion in sheep. In the third chapter, the paper relates a case of lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in a goat. The goat presented sternal recumbence, absent menace response, intention tremors, ataxia, and nystagmus. It was euthanized and necropsied after been hospitalized during eleven days. [...] The histologic and gross lesions are characteristic of lissencephaly associated with cerebellar hypoplasia. Lissencephaly is a rare disease in veterinary medicine and had not been reported previously in goats.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cabras/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Teratogênicos/toxicidade , Plantas Tóxicas/efeitos adversos , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Ultrassonografia/veterinária
10.
Pirassununga; s.n; 03/07/2009.
Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-5452

Resumo

A Ipomea carnea é uma planta tóxica encontrada por todo Brasil e em outros países tropicais. Esta se conserva verde durante a seca, podendo servir como fonte de matéria verde para bovinos, ovinos e, particularmente, caprinos. Os animais intoxicados por esta planta desenvolvem sintomatologia de origem nervosa, imputada ao principal princípio ativo desta planta, a suainsonina. A suainsonina é um alcalóide indolizidinico, potente inibidor da αmanosidase lisossomal, sendo que a inibição desta enzima produz o acúmulo lisossômico de oligossacarídeos não processados completamente, perda de função celular e morte celular. Além desta alteração, a suainsonina também inibe a manosidase II do complexo de Golgi, levando a alterações na síntese, no processamento e no transporte de glicoproteínas. Os principais achados histológicos nesta intoxicação são células com vacúolos lisossomais no sistema nervoso central, tireóide, fígado, pâncreas e rins. Pesquisas anteriores mostraram que a ingestão de I. carnea por cabras gestantes produz malformações. O presente estudo propôs-se a estudar os efeitos teratogênicos da I. carnea em caprinos. Para tanto, acrescentou-se ao protocolo de avaliação de teratogenicidade em caprinos, desenvolvido neste laboratório, a avaliação neurocomportamental dos neonatos. Assim, foram utilizadas 27 cabras gestantes, divididas em 4 grupos: 3 experimentais e 1 controle. As cabras dos grupos experimentais a partir do 35º dia de gestação até o final da prenhez receberam 1, 3 e 5g/kg/dia de I. carnea. Realizou-se o exame clinico periódico nas fêmeas gestantes, coletando-se sangue para o estudo bioquímico. Procedeu-se também exames fetais ultrassonográficos. As fêmeas foram assistidas no momento do parto, realizando-se, pelas duas horas subseqüentes, anotações de alguns comportamentos apresentados pela mãe e neonato. Além disto, nos dias posteriores os filhotes passaram por uma série de avaliações neurocomportamentais até a 6ª semana de vida. Os resultados obtidos mostram que nenhuma das fêmeas que ingeriram a planta apresentaram sintomatologia nervosa. Foi observado abortamento nas fêmeas dos grupos que receberam 3g/kg/dia e 5g/kg/dia de I. carnea. Também foram observadas duas mortes fetais naquelas gestantes do grupo que recebeu a maior dose da planta. Com relação à bioquímica sangüínea foram verificadas alterações na atividade das enzimas AST e FA nas fêmeas que ingeriram a I. carnea durante a gestação. As mães dos grupos que receberam a planta apresentaram significantemente menor atenção aos seus filhotes. Não foram detectadas alterações nos parâmetros ultrassonográficos, nem malformações físicas nos neonatos, em nenhum dos grupos avaliados, no entanto, aqueles filhotes de cabras que ingeriram a maior dose apresentaram redução do peso ao nascimento. As avaliações comportamentais mostraram que os filhotes dos grupos experimentais apresentaram dificuldade de manter-se em estação imediatamente após o parto, bem como de realizar a primeira mamada e de distinguir sua mãe. Além disso, estes filhotes apresentavam maior latência de tempo para chegar às suas mães, nos diferentes testes de labirinto realizados. Este estudo reforça pesquisas anteriores, apontando o efeito teratogênico promovido pela I. carnea e recomenda a inclusão das avaliações de neuroteratogenicidade no protocolo de avaliação de teratologia proposta para ruminantes


Ipomoea carnea, a shrub plant, is a toxic plant largely distributed throughout Brazil and others topical countries. This plant possess swainsonine, an indolizidinic alkaloid as the most important active toxic principle, which promotes cellular accumulation of not metabolized oligossacarides, due to inhibition of acid or lisossomal αmanosidasis enzyme, causing cellular vacuolization. This alkaloid also inhibits manosidase II of the golgi complex, modifying the glycoprotein synthesis, processing and carrier. It is well known that the ingestion of the plant promotes toxic effects in the central nervous system, liver, kidney, thyroid and pancreas, particularly in goats the most susceptible species. Previous researches conducted in this laboratory had proposed a protocol to evaluate teratogenic effects of xenobiotics in ruminants, using goats as animal model. In relation to I. carnea, an earlier study using this protocol revealed the teratologic effect. The aim of this research is to add to this protocol the evaluation of the neonate´s behavior. Twenty seven female goats were divided into 4 groups: 3 experimental and 1 control. The experimental goats received from gestation day 35 to parturition day the following doses of I. carnea fresh leaves: 1, 3 and 5 g/kg/day. During the pregnancy females were clinically accompanied, evaluating behavior and general body status, and serum biochemistry were performed. Fetuses were evaluated during pregnancy using ultrasonographic measurements. The parturition of all dams was assisted and mother-offspring behaviour was examined during the two consecutive hours post partum. Kid´s development was examined using various neurobehavioral tests up to 6 weeks of age. The data obtained showed abortion (n=1) in the females treated with 3 and 5g/kg/day I. carnea. Fetal dead (n=2) were observed in the females that eating highest dose of I. carnea. None of the treated dam presented neurologic effects during all gestational period. Aspartate-amine transferase and alkaline phosphatase were increased in experimental females. Offspring body weights were affected by exposure to I. carnea. Behavioral study revealed that treated dams were less likely to stand for nursing. Kids from I. carnea-treated females were unable to stand, nurse and recognize their mothers. These kids were also slower than controls to arrive at the mother in the maze tests. The present study complements previous research, confirming that I. carnea promotes reproductive alteration effects. In addition, the neurobehavioral tests employed here showed to be an important tool to monitorize the toxic effects promoted by toxicants during postnatal period. This research also suggests the inclusion of neurobehavioral evaluations in the ruminant´s teratology protocols

11.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 40(4): 01-06, 2012.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-480246

Resumo

Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identifi ed or the etiology is unknown.Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypop


Background: Congenital defects and diseases have hereditary or acquired etiology that affects domestic and wildlife animals, and humans. These anomalies are usually isolated and their location and intensity determine the survival of affected animals. Congenital malformations in domestic cats are less frequent than in dogs. Although some racial groups of cats seem to present greater predisposition to develop certain types of congenital defects and / or hereditary diseases, such information is controversial and has been discussed in several reports. Some malformations are rare in cats and poorly reported in Brazil and when they occur, mostly, are not identifi ed or the etiology is unknown.Case: This report describes the clinicopathological features of three newborn Persian kittens of the same dam. They were examined soon after birth because had multiple congenital malformations that involved the oral and nasal cavities, limbs, eyes, abdominal cavity and the vertebrae. The abnormalities were characterized by hyperextension in limbs and palatosquisis (Kittens 1, 2, and 3), unilateral and bilateral clinical anophthalmia (Kittens 1 and 3, respectively), unilateral cheiloschisis (Kittens 2), kyphosis, and abdominosquisis (1). At necropsy the Kitten 1 showed in the right eye socket rudiments of the eye covered with skin, and failure in the lining of the hard palate with bilateral hypop

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