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Background: Primary lung neoplasms are uncommon in veterinary medicine, and when they develop, they are more frequently observed to be of epithelial origin. Although chondrosarcomas are the second most diagnosed type of neoplasm in dogs at skeletal sites, their development in extraskeletal tissues, including the spleen, aorta, heart, tongue, peritoneum, and lungs, corresponds to approximately only 1% of cases. Therefore, the occurrence of primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma is considered very rare in domestic animals. Considering the rare occurrence and scarcity of data regarding its development, the present report describes the clinical and pathological aspects of a case of primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma in a bitch. Case: A 8-year-old mixed-breed bitch, weighing 14.2 kg, was examined at one private veterinary clinic with the principal complaint of prolonged respiratory distress and resistance to exercise. Clinical evaluation revealed tachypnea with expiratory dyspnea due to intense pleural effusion, tachycardia, and diffusely pale mucous membranes. Thoracocentesis was performed with drainage of 1000 mL of modified transudate, and fluid cytology, blood count, and chest radiography were performed. Cytological analysis of the thoracic fluid did not identify neoplastic cells, the blood count showed intense regenerative anemia, and the radiograph showed an extensive area of consolidation in the left caudal lung lobe, compatible with neoplasia. The results of the tests performed, in addition to the evolution of the clinical picture and the impossibility of performing the indicated surgical intervention, culminated in the patient's unfavorable prognosis, followed by euthanasia, necropsy, and histopathological evaluation of the collected material. Necropsy revealed a white neoplastic formation with reddish areas and firm consistency that diffused into the parenchyma of the left caudal lung lobe with invasion of the rib cage, fracture of the fifth and sixth left ribs, diaphragmatic metastasis, intense hydrothorax, and moderate hydroperitoneum. Microscopically, in the histological sections of the lung and diaphragm, poorly differentiated mesenchymal cells with moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and interspersed with them, moderately differentiated chondrocytes surrounded by chondroid matrix, moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, and a low mitotic index culminated in the diagnosis of primary pulmonary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Discussion: Malignant epithelial neoplasms were suspected; however, the histopathological features observed were compatible with primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma. The characteristics of the fluid collected through thoracentesis led to its classification as a modified transudate, which is often associated with neoplastic and hemorrhagic processes; both alterations were present in this case. The diagnosis of primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma was established based on the histopathological findings since the cell type and distribution observed in the present case were compatible with the typical pattern observed in extraskeletal chondrosarcomas. An unfavorable prognosis is common in cases of primary or metastatic lung neoplasm since, in most cases, the condition is identified in the advanced stages of the disease, making therapeutic management challenging. Given the increase in the number of dog deaths due to neoplasms in recent years, this case report may contribute to a better understanding of the biological behavior of pulmonary chondrosarcoma and assist in the choice of treatment to be adopted when required.

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Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a neoplasm with low incidence in small animals, and the possible causes are poorly elucidated but may be related to contact with asbestos. In the thoracic cavity, MMP can be localized or generalized to all cavity structures, and its clinical signs depend on this localization. Although some alternative therapies are being discussed, few studies are conclusive, with surgical intervention as the leading therapeutic option. Given this context, this report aimed to describe a case of MMP located in the mediastinum of a bitch treated with radical excision through mediated sternotomy. Case: A 7-year-old bitch of the Shar-pei breed was referred for care due to progressive weight loss and intense dyspnea. During the physical examination, dyspnea and muffled lung sounds were noted. The patient underwent hemodialysis, which showed neutrophilic leukocytosis. An abdominal ultrasound was also performed and revealed mild abdominal effusion, and chest radiography revealed an extensive tumor covering the entire chest cavity. Thoracocentesis was performed, and the material analyzed was a malignant exudate; the patient was referred to median sternotomy for exploratory purposes, and afterward, total macroscopic extirpation of the tumor was performed. A sample was sent for histopathology, and malignant mesothelioma was confirmed. The patient was discharged after 8 days of hospitalization with home treatment and did not return to the hospital. Upon contacting the guardian, we were informed that the animal had died 154 days after the procedure due to unknown causes. Discussion: Malignant pleural mesothelioma affects humans and animals; it is associated with the risk factor of contact with asbestos and the use of flea antiparasitic drugs. In small animals, its incidence is rare, albeit mesotheliomas have been reported in wild and large animals. The clinical signs are related to the location of the neoplasm. When it is located in the thoracic region, dyspnea, muffled lung sounds, cyanosis, and pleural effusion are observed in most cases. Diagnosis is usually late and incidental, although some tests, such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, tomography, radiography, and needle biopsy, can help in the diagnosis. Histopathology is the exam of choice for definitive diagnosis, as it helps one observe the proliferation of neoplastic mesothelial cells, atypical mitosis figures, and marked cellular pleomorphism. Many therapeutic options have been discussed, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and anti-tumor immunization, although there is little scientific proof of their efficacy in animals. The current treatment of choice is tumor excision by surgical procedure with a palliative objective since the prognosis of the disease is unfavorable. Minimally invasive video surgery has been gaining more and more space in veterinary medicine and has proven successful in numerous cases of thoracic masses. In the present report, we chose to perform median sternotomy for total excision due to the extension of the mass that occupied the thoracic cavity practically in its entirety. Further research should be conducted to help in palliative treatments and increase the survival of patients with mesotheliomas, given that most studies are done in humans and not animals. We conclude that median sternotomy is still the therapeutic option of choice for the palliative treatment of patients with extensive thoracic pleural mesotheliomas.

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Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic enteropathy that causes gastrointestinal disorders in dogs and cats. It can result in protein loss generally, IBD can result in protein loss when a lymphoplasmacytic enteritis type is envolved. In this case, it is frequently associated with lymphangiectasia. Clinical signs include diarrhea, vomiting and progressive weight loss. This disease mainly affects middle-aged animals. There is only one report in young dog and no reports were observed in Dachshund breed. The objective of this article is reporting the association of inflammatory bowel disease and lymphangiectasia in a young female dachshund dog. Case: It was attended a 2-year-old female Dachshund dog, weighing 7.5 kg. The animal presented with a history of diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss and hyporexia. In the physical examination, it was detected prolonged capillary refill time (longer than two seconds), dehydration of 5 to 6%, muffled pulmonary auscultation on both sides of the thorax (suggesting pleural effusion), abdominal pain, flatulence and a positive balloon test (suggesting ascites). Thoracocentesis and abdominocentesis were performed to drain the pleural effusion and ascites, respectively. Both fluids were classified as transudate. The blood count resulted in normocytic normochromic anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, eosinopenia, lymphopenia, monocytosis and thrombocytosis. Serum biochemistry findings included hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglobulinemia and increased alkaline phosphatase. Abdominal ultrasonography showed thickening of the duodenal wall, some segments with hyperechogenic streaks in the jejunal mucosa, colon with increased parietal thickness and presence of free peritoneal fluid. The histopathological analysis of intestinal and gastric fragments, obtained by surgical biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoplasmacytic IBD associated with lymphangiectasia. It was classified as severe according to the canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI). The patient was admitted to hospital and submitted to dietary management, immunosuppressants, antibiotics and supportive therapy. However, the dog has died after 10 weeks. Discussion: The prognosis of IBD is highly variable, depends on therapeutic response and extent of intestinal damage. Dietary therapy associated with anti-inflammatories and immunosuppressants may result in IBD remission. This is characterized by periods of improvement that can last from months to years. Although, in more severe cases, some animals do not respond adequately and relapsed. Lymphangiectasia is a common complication of IBD in dogs, resulting in lymph extravasation and protein loss into the intestinal lumen. Those patients may develop protein-calorie depletion, disabling strokes, or intractable diarrhea. Hypoalbuminemia is an unfavorable prognostic marker. Firstly, in this case, the CIBDAI score was severe (14 points). Along treatment, it evolved into a clinically insignificant condition (2 points). However, later, there was regression to clinically severe disease (12 points). The dog did not respond adequately to the therapy, despite the indicated treatment have been instituted. It had continuously effusions, diarrhea and progressed to cachexia. Hypoproteinemia probably contributed to the severity of the clinical condition and therapeutic response failure, resulting in the animal's death at 10 weeks from the first appointment.

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Background: Pulmonary bullae are thin-walled cavitary lesions within the subpleural parenchyma. They are a result of thedestruction, dilatation and coalescence of bordering alveoli and their rupture is the most common cause of pneumothoraxin dogs. Radiographic and CT imaging are excellent tools for identifying and quantifying pneumothorax. Surgical treatment is considered standard for treatment of pneumothorax consequential to pulmonary bullae. The aim of this report wasto describe a case of pneumothorax secondary to pulmonary bullae in a dog.Case: A 5-year-old male crossbreed dog, weighing 11.5 kg, was presented to the Uberaba’s Veterinary Hospital due to becoming easily tired in the previous 3 weeks, and its worsening in the last 2 days by presenting panting. The dog’s guardiandid not witness any traumas, but informed that the animal resided with other 14 dogs and also that it frequently collidedthe thorax against the door when it came down from the bed. Physical examination showed diaphragmatic breathing,inspiratory dyspnea and stridor lung sound. Thoracocentesis revealed presence of air in the pleural cavity and pneumothorax. Radiographic images confirmed this condition. The dog stayed in the hospital and chest drains were placed. Sincethe amount of sucked air did not reduce with time and due to the emergence of subcutaneous emphysema, the dog wentthrough exploratory thoracotomy that revealed impairment of the right caudal lung lobe, proceeding to lobectomy. Thedog stayed in the hospital with chest drains until the contents of the suctions reduced significantly. With the removal ofthe drains, the dog was sent home and had a full recovery. Histopathology of the impaired lung revealed pulmonary bullae.Discussion: The dog from this report presented clinical signs consistent with pneumothorax, such as dyspnea, diaphragmaticbreathing and exercise intolerance. Radiography of the chest region revealed...

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Background: Chest trauma is one of the main thoracic injuries in dogs and cats, reaching a high morbidity and mortality. The tissue damage, in thoracic trauma, can be underappreciated by visual exam and traditional radiography. The thoracoscopy can provide information for a precise definitive diagnosis, by this technique bleeding or air leakage can be identified and corrected immediately and the diaphragm can be completely evaluated. The aim of this work was to describe the thoracoscopic approach in a case of diaphragmatic perforation caused by penetrating trauma in a dog. Case: A 6-year-old male dog mixed-breed dog, weighing 14 kg with thorax perforation was presented to the Veterinary Hospital. Clinical examination of the animal revealed the following: pale mucous membranes, moderate dyspnea, open pneumothorax, abdominal distension, heart rate of 108 beats per minute and respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. Physical examination confirmed a 3 cm perforation hemorrhagic lesion in the left ninth intercostal space. As an emergency treatment, oxygen therapy, tramadol hydrochloride [Cronidor® 2%, 4 mg/kg, i.v, TID], tranexamic acid [Transamin® 25 mg/kg, i.v, TID], ceftriaxone [Rocefin® 50 mg/kg, i.v, BID] and fluid therapy with lactated Ringer's solution were administered. The hair was removed, and then, wound cleaning and obliteration of the wall injury with sterile gauze was performed. After the emergency stabilization, the animal was anesthetized, followed by preventive thoracocentesis by an approach close to thoracic perforation and thoracoscopy without pneumoperitonea through this thoracic perforation with 0-degree rigid endoscope. About 100 mL of blood and air was drained and diagnosed perforation in the diaphragm and pulmonary atelectasis in the caudal and left cranial lobes. the edges of the incisional wound were debrided, and the closure of thoracic incision was performed usual way. After that, the air was removed by a catheter and syringe system. A flexible plastic tube was inserted through the chest wall and into the pleural space for drainage every 2 h for 24 h. There were no intercurrences during the first 24 h after the surgical procedure. The patient was discharged 48 h after the surgery. Cephalexin [75 mg, 30 mg/kg, v.o, TID, during 5 days), Ketoprofen [20 mg, 2 mg/kg, v.o, SID, during 5 days], Tramadol Hydrochloride [50 mg, 4 mg/kg, v.o, SID, during 2 days] and Rifamycin spray at the wound site was prescribed. Ten days after surgery, the patient returned to the hospital for suture removal and reassessment. Discussion: The prognosis of chest perforation depends on the severity and number of internal and external thoracic lesions, as well as cardiovascular status at the time of initial patient care. In cases of penetrating chest trauma, it is essential to thoroughly examine the thoracic cavity for bleeding, tissue tears, and diaphragm perforation. The use of the endoscope allowed for a more detailed exploration of the chest without the need to increase the incision. When the diaphragm lesion was found, it was also possible to perform the abdominal examination by videoendoscopy, through this perforation. Laparotomy and thoracotomy cause postoperative pain and discomfort, in addition to increasing recovery time, however, even with trauma, not performing a larger incision favored the recovery of this patient, without any intercurrence in the first 24 h after the procedure. In conclusion, the endoscopic approach was efficient for diagnosis, avoiding greater trauma and contributing to a better clinical recovery of the patient.

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Background: Pneumothorax is characterized by the accumulation of air in the pleural space, either due to trauma or secondary to other conditions. Typically, pneumothorax is correlated with blunt trauma of the pulmonary parenchyma or penetrating trauma of the thoracic cavity, such as on being trampled upon or bitten, respectively. The therapeutic approach of this condition is rarely described in wild animals; therefore, the present study aims to describe the clinical manifestations, diagnostic method, and therapeutic aproach in a specimen of Tamandua tetradactyla with closed pneumothorax received for emergency care after being hit by a vehicle.Case: A southern tamandua (T. tetradactyla) was received in our hospital after being hit by a vehicle. The patient presented with a state of stupor, nystagmus, a restrictive respiratory pattern, and muffling on auscultation of respiratory and cardiac sounds in the left antimer. Simultaneously with the physical examination, venous access was established, pain control was intravenously performed and oxygen therapy was started. After stabilization, the patient underwent abdominal ultrasound (abdominal-focused assessment with sonography for trauma) and thoracic radiographs. The abdominal ultrasound confirmed the presence of a small amount of free fluid in the evaluated recesses, i.e., hepatodiaphragmatic, splenorenal, cystocholic, and hepatorenal, suggesting the need for periodic ultrasonographic monitoring associated with the clinical evaluation of the patient because of suspicion of active hemorrhage. The thoracic radiographic image (ventrodorsal recumbency) revealed increased pulmonary opacity due to lobar retraction, marked by an enlarged gap between the pulmonary lobes and thoracic wall, and the formation of a radiolucent area between both structures. The lateral recumbency evidenced the dorsal displacement of the cardiac apex in relation to the sternum.[...]

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Background: The most common abnormality associated to hyperthyroidism in cats is functional adenomatous hyperplasia. It might be present anywhere from the base of the tongue caudally to within the thoracic cavity, or even intrapericardial. Scintigraphic and computed tomography are useful imaging modalities to determine the location of hyperfunctioning thyroidal tissue. In cats, chylothorax can occur with several underlying disease processes, including congestive heart failure, mediastinal mass, heartworm infection and trauma, however it is commonly idiopathic. The aim of this study was to report the fi rst case of chylothorax caused by intramediastinal ectopic thyroid adenoma in a cat. Case: A 19-year-old spayed domestic shorthair female cat was presented with diffi culty breathing, dyspnea and hiporexia. The animal had history of chronic kidney disease, recurrent urinary tract infections and infl ammatory bowel disease, and had been receiving prednisolone and ceftiofur. Lung auscultation revealed silence on both Hemithorax and cardiac auscultation revealed reduced noise. Thoracic radiographs were performed, which revealed severe pleural effusion. Bilateral  thoracocentesis was performed to avoid respiratory failure, and the fl uid obtained was sent for cytological and biochemical examinations, which revealed the presence of chylothorax. Laboratory investigation including blood

Background: The most common abnormality associated to hyperthyroidism in cats is functional adenomatous hyperplasia. It might be present anywhere from the base of the tongue caudally to within the thoracic cavity, or even intrapericardial. Scintigraphic and computed tomography are useful imaging modalities to determine the location of hyperfunctioning thyroidal tissue. In cats, chylothorax can occur with several underlying disease processes, including congestive heart failure, mediastinal mass, heartworm infection and trauma, however it is commonly idiopathic. The aim of this study was to report the fi rst case of chylothorax caused by intramediastinal ectopic thyroid adenoma in a cat. Case: A 19-year-old spayed domestic shorthair female cat was presented with diffi culty breathing, dyspnea and hiporexia. The animal had history of chronic kidney disease, recurrent urinary tract infections and infl ammatory bowel disease, and had been receiving prednisolone and ceftiofur. Lung auscultation revealed silence on both Hemithorax and cardiac auscultation revealed reduced noise. Thoracic radiographs were performed, which revealed severe pleural effusion. Bilateral thoracocentesis was performed to avoid respiratory failure, and the fl uid obtained was sent for cytological and biochemical examinations, which revealed the presence of chylothorax. Laboratory investigation including blood

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Background: The most common abnormality associated to hyperthyroidism in cats is functional adenomatous hyperplasia. It might be present anywhere from the base of the tongue caudally to within the thoracic cavity, or even intrapericardial. Scintigraphic and computed tomography are useful imaging modalities to determine the location of hyperfunctioning thyroidal tissue. In cats, chylothorax can occur with several underlying disease processes, including congestive heart failure, mediastinal mass, heartworm infection and trauma, however it is commonly idiopathic. The aim of this study was to report the first case of chylothorax caused by intramediastinal ectopic thyroid adenoma in a cat. Case: A 19-year-old spayed domestic shorthair female cat was presented with difficulty breathing, dyspnea and hiporexia. The animal had history of chronic kidney disease, recurrent urinary tract infections and infl ammatory bowel disease, and had been receiving prednisolone and ceftiofur. Lung auscultation revealed silence on both Hemithorax and cardiac auscultation revealed reduced noise. Thoracic radiographs were performed, which revealed severe pleural effusion. Bilateral thoracocentesis was performed to avoid respiratory failure, and the fluid obtained was sent for cytological and biochemical examinations, which revealed the presence of chylothorax. Laboratory investigation including blood count and full biochemical screen were within normal limits, except for little elevated blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Radiographs, ultrasonography and echocardiogram of thorax were performed post-drainage, and they did not reveal any abnormalities, leading to suspect of idiopathic chylothorax. In addition, computed tomography was performed to rule out all possibilities not identified in the other exams, which showed a mass at the cranial mediastinum. A cytological exam of the mass suggested thyroid adenoma. Therefore, the presumed diagnosis was chylothorax caused by compression of thyroid neoplasm. Then, three days later, the cat underwent sternal thoracotomy. The mass was on left of the midline, displacing esophagus and trachea. It was resected and a chest drain was placed. Within 24 h postoperatively, a little chylous effusion was drained, so the surgery was considered succesfull. However, the cat had low systolic blood pressure and rectal temperature, even with infusion of crystalloid and colloid and thermal mattress on. Hematological and biochemical exams were performed, which suggested sepsis. The animal died 30 h after surgical procedure. Histological examination of the resected mass was consistent with thyroid adenoma, and then it could confirm the cytological suggestion. Discussion: In cats, intramediastinal thyroid adenoma has been reported often being the result of one thyroid lobe descending into the thoracic cavity. Management of chylothorax should be directed at identification of the cause and treatment of the underlying disorder. However, often, it's cause is unknown due to the lack of access to advanced diagnostic techniques.Therefore it is necessary more accurate imaging modality, such as computed tomography and scintigraphy to define actual cause. This current case report is the first one that revealed chylous pleural effusions associated with ectopic thyroid. It was based on anatomic, clinical, surgical, laboratorial, tomographic findings, and in absence of significant formation of fluid postoperative.

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Com o objetivo de avaliar a ultrassonografia torácica (incluindo a ecocardiografia) como método de exame complementar em pacientes portadores de efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, realizou-se a ultrassonografia torácica em 30 cães, machos e fêmeas de raças e idades variadas. Animais atendidos nos serviços de Pronto-Atendimento, Clínica Médica ou Clínica Cirúrgica do HOVET/USP com efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, detectadas por meio de exame radiográfico, ultrassonografia emergencial ou toracocentese exploratória foram incluídos no estudo. Observou-se efusão pleural em 12 cães (40%), efusão pericárdica em oito (26,66%) e efusão pleural e pericárdica em outros dez cães (33,33%). A causa da efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica foram avaliadas ultrassonograficamente como sendo: nódulo/tumor cardíaco (5 - 16,66%), nódulo/tumor intratorácico (5 – 16,66%), insuficiência cardíaca congestiva por cardiomiopatia dilatada (4 – 13,33%) ou endocardiose de mitral e tricúspide (3 – 10%), efusão pericárdica idiopática (3 - 10%), li fossarcoma (2 - 6,66%), piotórax (2 – 6,66%), ruptura diafragmática (1 – 3,33%), hérnia peritônio-pericárdica (1 –3,33%), pneumonia e pleurite (1 - 3,33%), tumor de ovário com metástases torácicas (1 – 3,33%), pericardite infecciosa (cinomose) (1 – 3,33%) e hipoalbuminemia (1 – 3,33%).

To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of thoracic ultrasonography (including echocardiography) of patients with pleural and/or pericardial effusion, thoracic ultrasonography was performed in 30 dogs, males and females, of different breeds and ages. The animals were admitted to the Emergency, Internal medicine or Surgery department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, presenting with pleural and/or pericardial effusion, diagnosed by thoracic radiography, emergency thoracic ultrasonography or exploratory thoracocentesis. Twelve (40%) dogs had pleural effusion, 9 (30%) had pericardial effusion and 9 (30%) had both pleural and pericardial effusions. The definitive cause of effusion were obtained by thoracic ultrasonography as follows: heart mass (5 –16,66%), intrathoracic mass (5 – 16,66%), congestive heart failure by dilated cardiomyopathy (4 – 13,33%) or mitral and tricuspid insufficiency (3 – 10%), idiopathic pericardial effusion (3 – 10%), lymphosarcoma (2 – 6,66%), pyothorax (2 - 6,66%), traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (1 – 3,33%), congenital peritoneopericardial hernia (1 – 3,33%), pneumonia and pleuritis (1 – 3,33%), ovarian neoplasia and thoracic metastasis (1 – 3,33%), infectious pericarditis (distemper) (1 – 3,33%) and hypoalbuminemia (1 – 3,33%). The conclusion was that thoracic ultrasonography was an excellent auxiliary exam in animals with pleural and/or pericardial effusion, and it’s not invasive and safe for the patient, allowing to guide biopsies and perform the exam in different decubits, avoiding patient stress.

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A tree year old female Cocker Spaniel was admitted, hitted by a car. The patient presented progressive hypotension, epistaxis, fast and weak pulse, capillary refill time (CRT) of 4 seconds and progressive dispnea. An infusion with lactated ringer (90ml/kg/h IV) and oxygen therapy were started. The thoracocentesis revealed massive hemopneumothorax in both sides of the chest, and one thoracic drain was inserted in each hemithorax. Peripherical pulse became untouchable indicating severe blood pressure fall, and the patient got unconscious. In this way, was decided to perform an emergency thoracotomy by a transesternal resection on the fifth intercostal space, and a pulmonary lobectomy was than executed. The patient had a good recovery and at this moment she is healthy.

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Tricuspid valve dysplasia (TVD) is a congenital heart defect described in dogs and cats; however, in Brazil there are no reports of this condition in cats. Therefore, our goal was to report a case of TVD in a domestic cat. A four-year-old, female, domestic short hair cat that was seen at the Cardiology Service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of São Paulo, for apathy, appetite loss and dyspnea for five days. During physical examination, dyspnea with a restrictive respiratory pattern due to pleural effusion was observed. Thoracocentesis was performed and 450 mL of serosanguineous fluid was drained. Two-dimensional echocardiography in the right parasternal short-axis plane at the level of the papillary muscles showed right ventricular dilatation and paradoxical septal motion. On the left parasternal apical four-chamber view, significant dilatation of the right chambers, loss of mobility of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve and a thickened mural leaflet chordae with anomalous insertion were observed. Based on clinical and echocardiographic aspects, a diagnosis of TVD was given. Treatment was initiated with enalapril 0.5 mg/kg, furosemide 0.5 mg/kg and pimobendan 0.3 mg/kg every 12 hours, all per os. The patient experienced remission of clinical manifestations and survived for 50 days after diagnosis.

Displasia valvar tricúspide (DVT) é um defeito cardíaco congênito descrito em cães e gatos. Entretanto no Brasil ainda não há relato desta cardiopatia em felinos. Desta forma, objetivou-se relatar um caso de DVT em um felino doméstico. Uma gata de pelo curto, com quatro anos de idade foi atendida no Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de São Paulo, apresentando apatia, perda de apetite e dispneia há cinco dias. Durante o exame físico observou-se dispneia com padrão respiratório restritivo devido a presença de efusão pleural. Foram drenados 450 mL de líquido serosanguinolento por meio de toracocentese. O ecocardiograma no modo bidimensional, pela janela paraesternal direita, ao eixo curto transversal ao nível dos músculos papilares, revelou hipertrofia excêntrica do ventrículo direito e movimento septal paradoxal. Pela vista apical quatro câmaras, na janela paraesternal esquerda, observou-se importante remodelamento de câmaras cardíacas direitas. A valva tricúspide apresentou-se com perda de mobilidade de sua cúspide septal e espessamento de cordoalha tendínea da cúspide mural, com inserção anômala. Com base nos aspectos clínicos e ecocardiográficos, instituiu-se o dianóstico de DVT. Iniciou-se o tratamento com enalapril (0,5 mg/kg), furosemida (0,5 mg/kg) e pimobendan (0,3 mg/kg), pela via oral a cada 12 horas. O paciente apresentou remissão das manif

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O presente artigo relata o diagnóstico e a conduta terapêutica instituída em caso de piotórax secundário a perfuração de esôfago torácico em um canino, macho, da raça Cocker Spainel, com cinco meses de idade. Os sinais clínicos incluíram apatia, hiporexia, vômito, diarréia e dispnéia expiratória. O hemograma e as análises bioquímicas séricas não revelam alterações significativas. No exame radiográfico simples evidenciou-se aumento na densidade radiográfica da cavidade torácica, compatível com efusão pleural. Foi realizada toracocentes e posterior análise do liquido cavitário, que apresentou características de esxudato séptico. A radiografia esofágica contrastada revelou extravasamento do contraste na cavidade torácica, Foi realizada a correção cirúrgica do defeito esofágico associado à terapia antimicrobiana de amplo espectro. Houve remissão completa dos sinais clínicos, Conclui-se que o uso de antibióticos parentais, associado com a correção cirúrgica do defeito esofágico e adaptação de dreno torácico pode ser eficaz no tratamento de piotórax secundário a perfuração esofágica

This article reports a pyothorax diagnose and treatment, due to esophageal rupture in a 5 month-old male Cocker Spaniel. The animal presented apathy, hyporexia, vomit, diarrhea, muffled breath sound and expiratory dispnea. The blood count was within normal limit. On thorax radiographies, pleural effusion was confirmed. A thoracocentesis was performed and the fluid was sent to analysis, and had the characteristics of a septic exsudate. The iodine contrasted thoracic radiography confirmed esophageal rupture. The surgical correction was done associated to large spectrum antibiotic. The complete remission of clinical signs was evidenced. We concluded that the use of parenteral antibiotics, associated with surgical correction e the adaptation of a chest tube is effective on treatmet of piothorax secondary to a esophageal rupture