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Acta sci. vet. (Impr.); 41: Pub. 1098, 2013. tab, graf

Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1372623

Resumo

Background: Pork is an important source of protein and the most widely consumed meat throughout the world. Besides, search for healthy food over the years has been growing, which has stimulated research to improve animal health and consequently, the quality of the final product offered to consumers. People know that who eats a high-fat diet has greater risk of developing metabolism changes, such as high cholesterol levels and consequently, cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Studies focusing handling of these lipid food components, both quantitative and qualitatively, can significantly contribute to increase acceptability of animal products by consumers because it can generate knowledge to produce meat with less cholesterol. Among the different cooking oils that can be used in animal feed, the canola oil has drawn the attention of researchers due to its high unsaturated fatty acid contents. The hypothesis is that canola oil modifies the plasmatic profile of the lipoproteins because α-linolenic acid (n-3) interfere the good functioning of LDL cholesterol (LDLc) receptors, i.e. interferes in the cholesterol turnover. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of different levels of canola oil as sources of poly-unsaturated fats on modulation of total cholesterol and its fractions in the blood of pigs weighing 70 to 100 kg. Materials, Methods and Results: The experiment was conducted in the Swine Experimental Center of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, Brazil. Thirty-two commercial hybrid barrows, with an initial weight of 73.65 (1.56) kg and final weight of 107.5 (2.37) kg, were used. The animals were distributed into four treatments and four replications, with two animals per experimental unit, in a complete casualized design. Diets were based on corn and soybean for finishing pigs and contained four levels of canola oil (2.0; 2.5; 3.0 and 3.5%). The consumption was measured at the end of the experimental period, which lasted 34 days. Five blood collections were performed from jugular vein with a 7 days interval from the beginning of the experiment until the slaughtering day. The samples were taken with EDTA 4% and centrifuged for separation of the plasma. These blood samples were used to assess the total cholesterol (CT), VLDL cholesterol (VLDLc), HDL cholesterol (HDLc), LDLc and LDLc/HDLc relationship. Total cholesterol in the blood was determined by the enzymatic method of cholesterol oxidase and the triacylglycerols (TG) were determined by a colorimetric enzymatic test. Lipoproteins were fractioned in the plasma by gel filtration chromatography with FPLC (Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography). Cholesterol was determined in the fractions by a colorimetric method using a 96-wells microplate assay. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance in a completely randomized blocks design. Regression analysis was performed to estimate the best level of canola oil. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not differ among all treatments (P > 0.05). Discussion: The fact that treatments have not had significant effect in the plasma lipoprotein profile might be associated to metabolic state of the animal prior to blood collection, since the animals were fasting, and this is probably why no specific VLDL peak was observed. The profiles were similar in the different treatments and in the two time periods studied, both from a qualitative and quantitative view. Similar Profiles were obtained for adult miniature pigs fed on a normal diet composed of corn and soybean meal. No results were found in the literature for animals fed on different fat sources and fat levels for comparison purposes.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1