Perdas econômicas das principais causas de condenações de carcaças de frangos de corte em matadouros-frigoríficos sob inspeção federal no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Economic losses of main causes of condemnation of the broiler carcass in a slaughterhouse under federal inspection on Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

ABSTRACT

Background: A considerable fraction of the chicken carcass is condemned in slaughterhouses in Brazil, following the legal requirements by monitoring the Inspection Service of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) and Quality Control of agribusinesses. These losses result from partial or complete sentences, the fi rst being the most significant. This study aimed to analyze the main causes of convictions and total post-mortem inspection of carcasses of broilers from slaughterhouses under SIF, as well as the analysis of the economic losses arising out of total convictions that occurred from January 2009 to June 2011. Materials, Methods & Results: This work was carried out by survey data generated by the Federal Inspection Service in a slaughterhouse located in southern Brazil, slaughtering on average 188.000 poultry.day-¹, producing a 360 T.day-¹ products. The data were collected from records of the occurrence of partial and total condemnation of carcasses of broilers slaughtered in the period January 2009 to June 2011, following the requirements approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (CEUA / UFRGS). For calculations of economic losses, it was considered the sum of poultry completely discarded and the production cost of chicken every six months of 2009, 2010 and 2011, with an average carcass yield of 2.5 kg chicken (cold carcass weight), a value of R$1.71. kg-¹, R$1.44.kg-¹ and R$1.77, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and comparisons between means using the Tukey test (5%) from the SAS Enterpise Guide (2003). During the period January 2009 to June 2011, the slaughter fridge 137.721.990 chickens slaughtered, of which 0.65% (893.869) were totally condemned and 4.74% (6.521.745) were partially condemned, and the main causes of contamination were found total convictions, cachexia and look disgusting. Making up a six-monthly review, it is observed that, regardless of the year under review, between the first and second half there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the percentage of total convictions for these diseases. Simulating the impacts caused by economic doom total, we obtained a R$ 585.830.94 loss, and R$ 755.294.40 R$ 842.522.72 in the first half of 2009, 2010 and 2011, in order. These values imply an annual growth of 28.93% between the first year and 11.55% from 2010 to 2011, equivalent to a total economic loss of 43.81% over the past two years. Discussion: Ordinance No. 210, Annex IX, defines the destination and judging criteria of birds, will be subject to condemnation of carcasses post-mortem inspection with abscesses, sacculitis, looks disgusting, cachexia, infection, injury, skin diseases, special, scalding excessive delayed evisceration, fractures, thin, inflammation, sepsis syndrome and ascites tumors. Slaughtered poultry in the first half of 2009, 0.54% (1.357.519) were totally condemned. In 2010, there was an increase in the percentage of animals condemned totally in the previous year, however, was not evidenced in the following year (2011) presented a stability in the percentage of birds in relation to convicted totally slaughtered birds. To minimize fractures and bruises at the time of harvesting and transport, integration with producers should be focused on awareness of Good Practice loading, transporting, unloading and animal welfare, which generate sentences in later stages of the process especially in the wings, thighs and breast.