Portal de Pesquisa da BVS Veterinária

Acta sci. vet. (Impr.); 39(suppl.1): s97-s101, 2011. ilus

Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1412329

Resumo

Background: Stem cells are precursor cells that have the capacity for self-renewal and could generate cells with characteristics similar to cells and differentiation, generating varied cell lines. Considering the plasticity of cells can be classified into totipotent, pluripotent or multipotent. According to the isolation period, the stem cells can be classified as embryonic, fetal and adult. In the embryo stage are considered totipotent because they can rebuild any tissue in the body and adulthood are considered multipotent, since they have a more limited plasticity. The fetal tissues and the fetus is a potential source for stem cells, since they expand more rapidly compared to the cells after birth. Stem cells of fetal membranes are derived from extraembryonic tissues with high capacity to differentiate into various tissues. The cord blood stem cells have mesenchymal and hematopoietic, and mesenchymal cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into multiple cell lineages. The yolk sac in dogs is morphologically composed of three layers: a single layer of endoderm, a simple mesothelium, and intermediate to them, the vascular mesenchyme. Work identified a population of pluripotent cells in the yolk sac can differentiate into hematopoietic cells, however, can be isolated mesenchymal stem cells. In this review we aim to focus new isolations of cells from umbilical cord blood and yolk sac of dogs, reviewing the main literature on this species. The importance of using dogs out of work has intensified in recent years, since many diseases can manifest itself in a similar way to humans. Additionally, the dog is a pet, and interest in the treatment of diseases and improved quality of life of this species has been accentuated in veterinary medicine. Thus, identifying the cellular sources in the dog opens new horizons for preclinical studies and new therapies for veterinary medicine. Review: This study is related to morphological biology multipotent stem cells, focusing its expansion and use in cell therapy in animal models that have different pathologies. A widely studied model for muscular dystrophy is the GRMD (Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy), which is homologous to DMD (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) that affects humans. It is a recessive genetic disease, X chromosome which affects approximately 1 in every 3500 boys. It is characterized by a progressive muscle degeneration, resulting from the absence or reduction in the production of dystrophin protein present in the sarcoplasmic membrane of muscle fibers. Conclusion: The use of cells derived from fetal tissue are strong candidates for veterinary regenerative medicine, since they have high capacity for cellular differentiation. The use of fetuses and fetal tissues of humans still has limitations, so the dog is a viable alternative for studies of fetal stem cells. Thus, it is extremely important to know the characteristics of morphology and proliferation of cells derived from fetuses and fetal annexes canines, including yolk sac and umbilical cord as well as know the feasibility of clinical application of these cells in preclinical testing in animal models and eventually in human medicine, thus contributing to regenerative medicine.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1