Hypersensitivity in chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) due to the association of lidocaine and bupivacaine in neural-guided femoral and sciatic nerve block

ABSTRACT

Background: Osteosyntheses, orthopedic surgeries that cause highly painful stimulation, are increasingly common inveterinary medicine. Epidural anesthesia is used to provide intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in mammals undergoing pelvic limb surgery. In birds, the synsacrum, the bone originating from the fusion of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae,makes this route inapplicable, thus peripheral nerve block is an easier option in this species. This report describes a caseof local hypersensitivity following the association of lidocaine and bupivacaine in anesthetic blocks of the femoral andsciatic nerves in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).Case A study was conducted in chickens evaluating the effectiveness of anesthetic sciatic and femoral nerve blocks, guidedby a neural stimulator. Thirty-two 42-day-old male chickens of the species Gallus gallus domesticus, double breasted,weighing 1.86 ± 0.5 kg, were randomly divided into four groups control (CG), lidocaine (LG), bupivacaine (BC) andthe association of lidocaine and bupivacaine (LBG). The doses used were 4 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine and 2 mg/kg of 0.5%bupivacaine, without vasoconstrictor. For CG, 0.9% NaCl solution was used, respecting the total volume of 1 mL/kg.Only one bird from the LBG showed side effects, presenting sensory and motor loss for 24 h after the administration ofthese drugs, before euthanasia was performed using anesthetic induction with isoflurane through a face mask, followedby the intravenous administration of propofol and then potassium chloride. The chicken was submitted to a necropsy andmacroscopically, soft, irregular, brownish lesions with a grayish focus were observed...