Portal de Pesquisa da BVS Veterinária

Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-203439

Resumo

A dissertação baseia-se em um trabalho experimental com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de zero, 0,4% e 0,8% de uma mistura comercial de ácidos parcialmente protegida com gordura saturada (NeoAcid PIG®), sobre a digestibilidade ileal (CDI) e fecal (CDF) em leitões desmamados alimentados com dois tipos de dietas, simples (farinha de carne) e complexa (concentrado de proteina de soja, plasma sanguíneo e leite em pó desnatado). O Capítulo 1 apresenta uma revisão sobre o funcionamento do trato gastrointestinal e a utilização de acidificante na dieta de leitões no pós-desmame. No Capítulo 2 avaliou-se o efeito do acidificante sobre a digestibilidade ileal das frações do alimento, com uso de indicador e abate para colheita de amostra, enquanto que no Capítulo 3 avaliou-se o efeito das dietas acidificadas sobre a digestibilidade fecal, pelo método da colheita total. Foram utilizados 48 leitões machos castrados LWLD. O delineamento experimental usado foi em blocos ao acaso, com seis dietas (tratamentos), e oito unidades experimentais (animais) por dieta distribuídos em dois períodos experimentais (repetição no tempo, Bloco). Os pesos médios iniciais dos animais foram 7,06 ± 0,76 kg e 7,40 ± 0,69 kg para cada período, respectivamente. Foi usada ANOVA com arranjo fatorial e contrastes ortogonais linear e quadrático, seguida de regressão polinomial. O efeito da inclusão do acidificante foi diferente para cada dieta (P<0,01). Para a dieta complexa, a adição de acidificante aumentou de forma quadrática-platô a digestibilidade da proteína bruta (P<0,01), sem efeito significativo sobre nenhuma das outras frações alimentares estudadas (P>0,12). Para a dieta simples, houve diminuição linear (P<0,01, R2>0,80) nos CDI e CDF da matéria seca, energia bruta e matéria orgânica. Nessa dieta o efeito foi quadrático negativo sobre os CDI e CDF da proteína bruta (P<0,01), enquanto que o efeito para CDI e CDF do resíduo mineral foi inverso, positivo quadrático desacelerado (P<0,01), com as maiores medias com o nível de 0,8% de acidificante (67,77 e 73,36%, respectivamente). O mesmo comportamento (P<0,01) foi observado para os CDF do cálcio e do fósforo, com as maiores médias no nível mais alto de acidificante (75,85; 76,96%, respectivamente). Também houve efeito quadrático (P<0,01) sobre CDF da fibra bruta, da fibra detergente ácido e fibra detergente neutro para a dieta simples, mas com as maiores médias no nível intermediário de acidificante (61,56, 63,56 e 63,59%, respectivamente). Os efeitos da inclusão de acidificante foram diferentes de acordo com a dieta utilizada e a fração nutricional considerada.

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The dissertation is based on an experimental study in order to evaluate the use of zero, 0.4% and 0.8% of a commercial mixture of acids partially protected with saturated fat (NeoAcid PIG®), on the ileal digestibility (IDC) and faecal (FDC) in piglets fed diets with two types of simple (meat) and complex (soy protein concentrate, plasma and skimmed milk powder). Chapter 1 presents an overview of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and the use of acid in the diet of pigs in the post-weaning. In Chapter 2 was evaluated the effect of acidifying on the ileal digestibility of feed fractions, using indicator and the slaughter-technic for digest sampling, while in Chapter 3 evaluated the effect of acidified diets on faecal digestibility, using the total collection technic. Forty-eigth weaned male LDLW piglets were used. The Randomized Bloc Design was used, with six diets (treatments), and eight experimental units (piglets) by diet, ditributed in two experimental periods (Blocs). The average initial weights of the animals were 7.06 ± 0.76 kg and 7.40 ± 0.69 kg for each period, respectively. ANOVA was used with factorial arrangement and orthogonal linear and quadratic contrasts, followed by polynomial regression. The effect of adding the acidifier is different for each diet (P<0.01). For complex diet, adding acidifying increased in a quadratic-plateau form the digestibility of crude protein (P<0.01), with no significant effect on any of the other studied food fractions (P>0.12). For simple diet, there was a linear decrease (P<0.01, R2>0.80) in CDI and CDF of dry matter, crude energy and organic matter. In this diet quadratic effect was observed on the negative CDI and CDF crude protein (P <0.01), while the effect to the CDI and CDF mineral residue reverse, decelerated positive quadratic (P<0.01), with the highest average at the highest level of acidifying (67.77 and 73.36%, respectively). The same behavior (P<0.01) was observed for calcium and phosphorus CDF, with the highest average at the highest level of acidifying (75.85; 76.96%, respectively). There was also a quadratic effect (P <0.01) on the CDF crude fiber, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber for the simple diet, but with the highest average in the intermediate level of acidifying (61.56, 63.56 and 63 59%, respectively). The effects of adding acidifying were different according to the nutritional diet used and fraction considered. KEY WORDS: The dissertation is based on an experimental study in order to evaluate the use of zero, 0.4% and 0.8% of a commercial mixture of acids partially protected with saturated fat (NeoAcid PIG®), on the ileal digestibility (IDC) and faecal (FDC) in piglets fed diets with two types of simple (meat) and complex (soy protein concentrate, plasma and skimmed milk powder). Chapter 1 presents an overview of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and the use of acid in the diet of pigs in the post-weaning. In Chapter 2 was evaluated the effect of acidifying on the ileal digestibility of feed fractions, using indicator and the slaughter-technic for digest sampling, while in Chapter 3 evaluated the effect of acidified diets on faecal digestibility, using the total collection technic. Forty-eigth weaned male LDLW piglets were used. The Randomized Bloc Design was used, with six diets (treatments), and eight experimental units (piglets) by diet, ditributed in two experimental periods (Blocs). The average initial weights of the animals were 7.06 ± 0.76 kg and 7.40 ± 0.69 kg for each period, respectively. ANOVA was used with factorial arrangement and orthogonal linear and quadratic contrasts, followed by polynomial regression. The effect of adding the acidifier is different for each diet (P<0.01). For complex diet, adding acidifying increased in a quadratic-plateau form the digestibility of crude protein (P<0.01), with no significant effect on any of the other studied food fractions (P>0.12). For simple diet, there was a linear decrease (P<0.01, R2>0.80) in CDI and CDF of dry matter, crude energy and organic matter. In this diet quadratic effect was observed on the negative CDI and CDF crude protein (P <0.01), while the effect to the CDI and CDF mineral residue reverse, decelerated positive quadratic (P<0.01), with the highest average at the highest level of acidifying (67.77 and 73.36%, respectively). The same behavior (P<0.01) was observed for calcium and phosphorus CDF, with the highest average at the highest level of acidifying (75.85; 76.96%, respectively). There was also a quadratic effect (P <0.01) on the CDF crude fiber, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber for the simple diet, but with the highest average in the intermediate level of acidifying (61.56, 63.56 and 63 59%, respectively). The effects of adding acidifying were different according to the nutritional diet used and fraction considered.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1