Portal de Pesquisa da BVS Veterinária

Tese em Português | VETTESES | ID: vtt-207011

Resumo

Objetivou-se estimar as exigencias liquidas de energia e proteina para cabras em gestacao e de microminerais para cabritos Caninde crescimento. Foram realizados dois experimentos: O primeiro utilizando 77 cabras multiparas, com peso corporal (PC) medio inicial de 27,11 ± 5,01 kg da raca Moxoto. No inicio do experimento, sete cabras nao gestantes foram abatidas para servirem como referencia para as estimativas de peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ) e composicao corporal inicial dos 70 animais remanescentes, os quais foram distribuidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com um arranjo fatorial 3x2x3 (tres periodos de gestacao, dois tipos de fetos e tres niveis de restricao), sendo quatro repeticoes por tratamento. Os tratamentos consistiram de dietas com 3 niveis de restricao alimentar (ad libitum (0%), 20% e 40%), numero de fetos (1 e 2) e dias de gestacao (50, 100 e 140). Os abates foram realizados de acordo com os dias de gestacao. No segundo experimento foram utilizados 33 cabritos castrados, com peso corporal (PC) medio inicial de 15,65 ± 0,41 kg e idade aproximada de 5 meses. No inicio do experimento, cinco animais foram abatidos para servirem como referencia para as estimativas de peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ) e composicao corporal inicial dos 28 animais remanescentes, os quais foram distribuidos em delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e sete repeticoes. Os tratamentos consistiram de dietas com 4 niveis de restricao alimentar (ad libitum (0%), 20%, 40% e 60%). Quando os animais de um dos tratamentos atingiram PC medio de 25kg, todos os animais do respectivo grupo foram abatidos. A composicao corporal foi determinada a partir da equacao obtida pela regressao do logaritmo do mineral no peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ), para animais com 15 a 25 kg. As exigencias de energia e proteina metabolizavel de mantenca para cabras Moxoto com um e dois fetos foram 61.07 e 71.89 kcal/PC0,75/dia e 2.2 e 2.5 g/PC0.75respectivamente. As exigencias liquidas de energia de gestacao para 50, 100 e 140 dias foram: 1.36, 1.44 e 1.48 para 1 feto e para 2 fetos 2.27, 2.62 e 2.82, respectivamente. Os valores da composicao coporal dos caprinos Caninde (mg kg/PCVZ) foram de 3,93 a 7,38 de Cu; 7,67 a 6,57 de Mn; 24,3 a 36,2 de Fe; E 9,39 a 14,7 de Zn, respectivamente. Os valores (mg kg/PCVZ) para necessidades liquidas de ganho de 100 g, variaram de 6,54 a 12,9 de Cu; 4,38 a 3,96 de Mn; 32,7 a 51,5 de Fe; e 13,2 a 21,9 de Zn. As exigencias liquidas de energia, proteina e microminerais foram menores que as preconizadas pelos sistemas internacionais de alimentacao. As exigencias nutricionais apresentadas nessa pesquisa podem ajudar a melhorar na suplementacao nutricional em rebanhos de caprinos em crescimento e em gestacao.

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The objectives of this work were to determine the net energy requirements (NEpreg) and protein (NPpreg) in pregnancy goats and microminerals of Caninde goats. in growth Two experiments were carried out: the first one using 77 multiparous goats, with initial body weight (BW) averaging 27.12 ± 5.01 kg. At the beginning of the experiment, seven non-pregnancy goats were slaughtered to serve as reference for the estimates of empty body weight (EBW) and initial body composition of the 70 remaining animals, which were distributed in design completely randomized in a 3x2x3 factorial arrangement (three periods of gestation, two types of fetuses and three restriction levels) with four replications per treatments. The treatments consisted of three restriction diets (ad libtum, 20% e 40%), fetuses number (1 and 2) and pregnancy days (50, 100 e 140). The slaughtering was performed according to the days of gestation. And the second were 33 goats kids, castrated, with initial body weight (BW) averaging 15.65 ± 0.41 kg and about five months of age. At the beginning of the experiment, five animals were slaughtered to serve as reference for the estimates of empty body weight (EBW) and initial body composition of the 28 remaining animals, which were distributed in randomized block design with four treatments and seven replications. The treatments consisted of three restriction diets (ad libtum (0%), 20 %; 40% and 60%). When the animals of one of the treatments reached BW average 25 kg, all the animals from of respective group were slaughtered. The body composition was estimated from the predicted equation obtained by regression the logarithm of the weight of each mineral in the empty body weight (EBW), for animals with 15 to 25 kg. The metabolizable energy and protein requirements for maintenance of Moxoto goats with one and two fetuses 61.07 and 71.89 kcal/PC0.75/day and 2.2 and 2.5 g/PC0.75, respectively. The net energy requirements of pregnant for 50, 100 and 140 days were: 1.36, 1.44 and 1.48 for 1 fetus and for 2 fetuses 2.27, 2.62 and 2.82, respectively. The value for body composition Caninde goats (mg/ kg EBW) is 3.93 to 7.38 mg Cu; 7.67 to 6.57 mg of Mn; 24.30 to 36.22 mg of Fe; and 9.39 to 14.71 mg of Zn, respectively. The net requirements for growth were estimated by the first derivative of the allometric equations. The values (mg/kg EBW) for gain of 100 g ranged from 6.54 to 12.9 mg Cu; 4.38 to 3.96 mg of Mn; 32.7 to 51.5 mg of Fe; and 13.2 to 21.9 mg of Zn. The net energy, protein and microminerals requirements were lower than those recommended by international food systems. The nutritional requirements of microminerals presented in this research can help to improve the accuracy of nutritional supplementation in growing and pregnant goats.

Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1