[Criteria for the morphologic diagnosis of AIDS in autopsy material]. / O nektoroykh kriteriiakh morfologicheskoi diagnostikik SPIDa na sektsionnom materiale.

Our own lethal case of AIDS and the results of the study of other generalized viral infections, and literature data allow us to conclude that lymphoid system damage is the most characteristic feature of the disease. Hyperplasia of lymph nodes and the spleen occurs in the acute stage of the disease. Hyperplasia with subsequent desquamation of the sinus endothelium and alteration in dendritic reticular cells are found histologically. There is an accumulation in the sinuses of large cells with an abundant eosinophilic PAS-positive cytoplasm and a relatively clear nucleus, sometimes several nuclei are observed. Similar, in principle, changes as a manifestation of generalization, may occur in other organs, including alveolocytes and nephrothelium. All these changes suggest AIDS. The presence of immunodeficiency is confirmed by the unusually severe course of other infections, most frequently pneumocystosis.

[Immunophenotypic characterization of cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma derived from Merkel cells]. / Immunofenotipicheskaia kharakteristika neiroéndokrinnogo raka kozhi iz kletok Merkelia.

The following immunohistochemical markers were studied in 5 Merkel cell carcinomas: cytokeratins, epithelial membrane component, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin and chromogranin A. High expression of these markers in tumors allows one to consider them as having epithelial origin with neuroendocrine differentiation. Common leucocytic antigen proved to be very useful in differential diagnosis with malignant lymphoma.

[A case of death from AIDS in the USSR]. / Sluchai smerti ot SPID v SSSR.

The authors describe the first case of death from AIDS in the USSR of our countrywoman. The clinical manifestations of AIDS in the young woman were determined by opportunistic infections: disseminated candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs as well as Pneumocystis pneumonia which ran an extremely grave course with a progressive increase of acute respiratory and cardiopulmonary failure and sepsis.

[Endoscopic and histological changes in the mucosa of the gastric stump in Helicobacter pylori infection]. / Endoskopicheskie i gistologicheskie izmeneniia slizistoi obolozhki kul'ti zheludka pri infitsirovanii Helicobacter pylori.

Under investigation there were 50 patients with resected stomach at different terms after operations: 37 patients after subtotal resection of the stomach for cancer and 13 patients after resection of 2/3 of the stomach for ulcer disease. The overwhelming majority of the patients with the resected stomach had chronic gastritis of the stump diagnosed endoscopically and histologically. No reliable difference of the endoscopic and histological indices of the state of the gastric stump mucosa was found in relation to the disease which was the cause of resection and to the time since the operation. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric stump mucosa was found in 37 of 50 examined patients (74%). In the group of patients with Helicobacter pylori in the gastric stump mucosa there were no reliable differences in endoscopic findings but changes in the histological picture were found significantly more often independent of the disease which caused the resection. Atrophic alterations in the gastric stump mucosa after resection in patients with Helicobacter pylori develop in patients of younger age and in earlier terms after operation.

[Prolonged peripheral arteriovenous perfusion with a membrane oxygenator]. / Dlitel'naia perifericheskaia veno-arterial'naia perfuziia s membrannym oksigenatorom.

The authors have developed the optimal method of performing prolonged veno-arterial perfusion and studied its influence on the animal organism. In 22 experiments a membrane oxygenator on the national film "Sigma" was used. It has been established that for successful performing of prolonged veno-arterial perfusion it is necessary to strictly maintain the circulating blood volume and take measures to prevent disorders in the microcirculation. The blood trauma in the membrane oxygenator with the "Sigma" film is inimal.