RESUMO
Background and Aim: The improper handling of poultry litter and waste poses risks to humans and environment by introducing certain compounds, elements, and pathogenic microorganisms into the surrounding environment and food chain. However, understanding the farmers' knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) could provide insights into the constraints that hinder the appropriate adoption of waste management. Therefore, this study aimed to assess poultry farmers' KAP regarding waste management issues. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional KAP study was conducted with native poultry keepers and small-scale commercial poultry farmers in seven districts of Bangladesh. In the survey, 385 poultry producers were interviewed using validated structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews to collect the quantitative data in their domiciles. Results: The overall KAP of farmers regarding poultry waste management issues demonstrated a low level of KAP (p = 0.001). The analysis shows that roughly 5% of farmers have a high level of knowledge of poultry waste management issues, followed by around one-third of respondents having a moderate level of knowledge. Considering the attitude domain, more than one-fifth of native poultry keepers and nearly two-thirds of commercial producers demonstrated a low level of attitude toward poultry waste management. Considering the overall analysis, roughly half of the respondents found a high level of attitude, and over half of the farmers showed a moderate level of attitude toward poultry waste management issues. The analysis showed that the level of good practices for native and commercial poultry production systems is estimated at 77.3% versus 45.9%, respectively, despite the farmers' lesser knowledge and attitudes toward poultry waste management systems. Overall, analysis showed that nearly 60% and 40% of poultry producers had high and moderate levels, respectively, of good practices in poultry waste management issues. Conclusion: Analysis of the KAP data shows that farmers had a low level of KAP toward poultry waste management. The result of this study will assist in formulating appropriate strategies and to adopt poultry waste management solutions by poultry farmers to reduce environmental degradation.
RESUMO
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impacts of the wide range of concentrations of glucose and trehalose on the tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose (TCEF) extenders for cryopreservation of goat semen. Materials and Methods: The sperm sample was pooled, washed, and diluted in control (TCEF without glucose and trehalose), TCEF + glucose (75, 150, 450, and 900 mm), and TCEF + trehalose (75, 150, 450, and 900 mm). After equilibrations, the semen straws were frozen under LN2 in the LN2 tank. After LN2 storage, the straws were thawed at 37°C for 30 seconds. The sperm parameters of all study groups were checked after equilibration and freezing. Results: After equilibration, the progressive motility (PM), total motility (TM), and viability of sperm in G-75, G-150, G-450, T-75, T-150, and T-450 were not significantly different (p < 0.05) from those in control. After cryopreservation and thawing, the PM, TM, and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) of T-150 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in control, G-75, G-900, T-75, and T-900. The viability of sperm in T-150 was substantially higher (p < 0.05) than in the control, whereas there was no significant difference among the control, G-75, G-900, T-75, and T-900. However, the acrosome integrity (AI) of sperm in G-900 was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared to the control, G-75, G-150, G-450, T-75, T-150, and T-450. Conclusion: According to the findings, the supplementation of 150 mm trehalose in the TCEF diluent was more efficient for sperm cryopreservation in the buck as reflected by PM, TM, viability, PMI, and AI.
RESUMO
The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the consequence of dam genotypes on productive and reproductive performance of different cross-bred dairy cows under field condition. A total of 313 dairy cow's information were collected from 33 Artificial Insemination (AI) Sub-centers/Points from the District AI center of greater Rajshahi district for a period from 1993 to 2002. The information of the productive and reproductive parameters were analyzed from questionnaires answered by 33 field assistant (artificial inseminator) and owner's of cow in respective of AI Sub-Center/Points as well as from reading the AI and 100% progeny collection Registers. In general, the mean birth weight, age at puberty, age at first fertile service, age at first calving, gestation length, post-partum heat period, days open, wastage day, service per conception, milk production per day, peak milk production per day, lactation length, lactation yield, dry period, weaning period and calving intervals were 18.8 kg, 27.9 month, 29.2 month, 38.7 months, 278.7 days, 139 days, 160 days, 20.3 days, 1.62, 5.13 L, 10.45 L, 282 days, 1445 L, 146 days, 10.65 months and 438 days, respectively. Dam genotype of dairy cows were divided into 5 groups according to their genetic composition. LxF, SxSL, L, LxSLxF and LxSxSL of dam genotype had significant effect on all the productive and reproductive performances of the dairy cows except on age at first calving, gestation length and weaning period. The genotypes of dam's of cows like LxF and LxSL showed a better performance under field condition at greater Rajshahi district and poor performance were recorded in L and LxSxSL of dam genotype. The experiment reflects that the LxF and LxSL genotypes of dam showed the better productive and reproductive performances of dairy cows under rural condition in Bangladesh.