RESUMO
The Limulus test was applied to determine bacterial endotoxemia in 42 patients suspected of having septicemia. Hemocultures were practiced simultaneously. A comparative study is made of the two presently most commonly recommended tests for neutralizing the factors inhibiting the endotoxin-amebocyte reaction. According to our results the dilution of plasma in isotonic saline solution is preferable; we obtained a sensitivity of determination of 0.0001 micrograms of E. coli endotoxin per ml of plasm. Seventeen cases of bacteriemia were diagnosed, only one of which with sepsis due to Serratia marcescens responded positively to the limulus test. The test was positive in three of the remaining 25 patients. Two of them had liver failure. The basic role that liver failure plays in the high level of endotoxin in the blood is discussed. The prognostic value of this test and the low correlation between bacteremia and endotoxemia are also commented on