Biomarkers in retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Retinopathy of prematurity is a significant global cause of childhood blindness. This study aims to identify serum biomarkers that are associated with the development of ROP. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Three databases were searched (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science) from 2003 to March 2023. Only studies investigating serum biomarker levels in preterm infants (<37 weeks gestation) were included. Results: Meta-analysis suggests that low serum IGF-1 levels have a strong association with the development of ROP [SMD (95% CI) of -.46 [-.63, -.30], p < .001]. Meta-analysis suggests that higher serum glucose levels were associated with the development of ROP [SMD (95% CI) of 1.25 [.94, 1.55], p < .001]. Meta-analysis suggests that thrombocytopenia is associated with the development of ROP [SMD (95% CI) of -.62 [-.86, -.37], p < .001]. Conclusion: Low levels of serum IGF-1, high levels of serum glucose and thrombocytopenia all appear to have the strongest association with the development of ROP out of the 63 biomarkers investigated in this review. These associations highlight their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers in ROP, though further research is needed to establish the exact relationship between these biomarkers and disease pathogenesis.

Perceptions of nursing students and faculty members towards academic integrity and professionalism in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Maintaining and nourishing academic integrity along with professionalism in nursing education is integral and imperative to the development of the nursing profession. However, evidence shows that academic dishonesty and incompetency exist and are raising problems among college students of all disciplines including nursing. To date, limited studies have been conducted in this area in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: To determine the perceptions of nursing students and faculty members towards academic integrity and professionalism. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of undergraduate students enrolled in government universities in Saudi Arabia, and their faculty members. METHODS: 342 Saudi nursing students and 113 nursing faculty members were surveyed with a valid and reliable questionnaire modified to the study setting. RESULTS: Findings revealed that the majority of nursing students and faculty members were aware of the nature of academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism. Less 40 % of students and teachers reported academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism as frequent. The majority of respondents in both groups revealed there were no existing policies in their colleges relevant to academic integrity/dishonesty. For those who reported the presence of a policy, the highest percentage of the respondents expressed just occasional implementation. There was no significant difference between the perceptions of students and faculty in all scenarios regarding academic integrity and professionalism. Lastly, the level of education and affiliated nursing college was associated with the respondents' perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students and faculty members have considerable cognizance of the concept of academic integrity and professionalism. However, the occurrence of academic dishonesty and unprofessionalism was observed at both universities. The lack of established policies is a particular challenge for management. Hence, it is essential that educational institutions formulate clear academic policies that cultivate academic integrity, prevent academic dishonesty, and enhance the level of professionalism.

Health-related factors and dysregulation of epigenetic related genes in metabolic syndrome trigger finger patients and smoker trigger finger patients: preliminary analysis of patient-derived sample.

PURPOSE: To investigate the health-related factors and analyze the expression of epigenetic related genes and inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome Trigger Finger (TF) and smoker TF. METHODS: Samples from patients' fingers with symptomatic TF were collected. There were seven groups: healthy control group, carpal tunnel syndrome (as a control for gene expression analysis), TF, diabetic TF, hypertensive TF, dyslipidemic TF and smoker TF. The expression levels of epigenetic related genes and inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome TF and smoker TF were evaluated by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) and numeric pain rating scale were given to the participants to fill out. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in hand dysfunction in the metabolic TF groups and smoker group compared to the TF group (p < 0.0001). The stress levels of the smoker TF group and TF with hypertension group were significantly increased compared with those in the TF group (p < 0.03) and (p < 0.021), respectively. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the COL-I, COL-II and TNF-α gene expression of the metabolic TF groups and smoker group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Health-related factors in the TF tendons was highly associated with the level of inflammation and genetic alteration in TF metabolic syndromes and smoker TF patients. Therefore, further investigation is required to examine the combination of occupational therapy, gene expression, and health-related factors as a promising method of managing TF.

Implementation of Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) with Clinical Decision Support (CDS) features in Riyadh Hospitals to improve quality of information.

In this paper, we have conducted a preliminary study of the applied Clinical Decision Support (CDS) features in adopted Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) systems. The study was conducted in three hospitals in Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia. The results show that the adoption of CPOE with a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is not yet mature. CPOE systems allow physicians to enter their medication orders electronically, but many of the applied CPOE systems do not contain alerts to advise physicians of potentially dangerous interactions caused by incorrect medications. Hospitals are advised to enhance the role of CDSS with the CPOE to reduce medication errors, improve patients' safety and increase information quality.

The Effect of Prostate Cancer Educational Program on the level of Knowledge and Intention to Screen among Jordanian Men in Amman.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of prostate cancer educational program on the level of knowledge and intention to screen for prostate cancer among Jordanian men in Amman. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, with nonequivalent control group design was used. 154 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups.  Level of Knowledge and intention to screen were measured at baseline and at 1 month after the application of the prostate cancer educational program. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The results showed statistically significant change in the mean knowledge scores (8.7), p < 0.001 and the mean of intention to screen scores (3.71), p < 0.001, after 1 month from the application of the educational program in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Implementing prostate cancer educational programs help enhance knowledge and intention to screen among Jordanian men.

Prostate Cancer-based Interventions' Efficacy on Knowledge and Adherence Intention to Healthy Lifestyle among Men.

BACKGROUND: Previous Literature has supported educational program efficacy, but no studies have been found to examine Prostate Cancer-based interventions' Efficacy on knowledge and adherence intention to a healthy lifestyle among Men in Jordan. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study was to assess Prostate Cancer-based interventions' efficacy on knowledge and adherence intention to a healthy lifestyle among Men in Jordan. METHODS: A quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design was used and the study was conducted in Masjids (praying place), Amman, Jordan. The population consists of Jordanian Men aged 40 years and above. The sample size was 76 men, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The tool used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Paired sample t-test showed that the change in the mean knowledge scores (9.5), p < .001 was statistically significant 1 month after the application of the program. In addition, the change in the mean adherence to healthy lifestyle scores (4.7), p < .05 was statistically significant 1 month after the application of the structured teaching program. CONCLUSION: Jordanian men had gained knowledge and Adherence Intention to Healthy Lifestyle regarding prostate cancer after the implementation of a structured teaching program. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Educational program aimed at motivating men to increase their knowledge of prostate cancer and having adherence intention to a healthy lifestyle.
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Building a Culture of Health Informatics Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A New Frontier.

Entrepreneurship and innovation within the health informatics (HI) scientific community are relatively sluggish when compared to other disciplines such as computer science and engineering. Healthcare in general, and specifically, the health informatics scientific community needs to embrace more innovative and entrepreneurial practices. In this paper, we explore the concepts of innovation and entrepreneurship as they apply to the health informatics scientific community. We also outline several strategies to improve the culture of innovation and entrepreneurship within the health informatics scientific community such as: (I) incorporating innovation and entrepreneurship in health informatics education; (II) creating strong linkages with industry and healthcare organizations; (III) supporting national health innovation and entrepreneurship competitions; (IV) creating a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship within healthcare organizations; (V) developing health informatics policies that support innovation and entrepreneurship based on internationally recognized standards; and (VI) develop an health informatics entrepreneurship ecosystem. With these changes, we conclude that embracing health innovation and entrepreneurship may be more readily accepted over the long-term within the health informatics scientific community.