Predictive Factors for 30-Day Readmission and Increased Healthcare Utilization in Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Single-Center Comparative Retrospective Study.

Background: SCD poses a significant healthcare burden. Understanding the factors contributing to high healthcare utilization and readmissions is crucial for improving the quality of care provided. Methods: This retrospective comparative observational study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City and included 160 SCD patients. A comparison was made between patients with no readmission and patients with at least one 30-day readmission. Another comparison was done between high healthcare-utilizing patients and low healthcare-utilizing patients. A regression model for 30-day readmission prediction was created. Results: Readmission was significantly higher in patients using opioids, following up with pain clinics, and having a history of AVN (p= 0.002, p=0.028 and p=0.025 respectively). Higher healthcare utilization was associated with older age, smoking, use of opioids and GABA analogs, and psychiatric illnesses, including depression, substance use disorder, and anxiety. Predictors of 30-day readmission were hydroxyurea use (odds ratio, 2.819 [95% CI,1.082 to 7.34], p = 0.034), follow-up with pain management clinics (odds ratio, 2.248 [95% CI,1.547 to 3.266], p = 0.001), and SCD genotype (SS genotype) (odds ratio, 1.754 [95% CI,1.012 to 3.042], p = 0.045). Using the Paracetamol/Codeine combination significantly reduced the likelihood of readmission within 30 days of discharge. Conclusion: This study identified factors associated with 30-day readmission rate and high healthcare utilization among SCD patients. Strategies to reduce readmissions may include specialized SCD clinics, educational programs for patients, improved physician awareness of mental health screening, and further research on the impact of opioid use. Limitations include retrospective nature, single-center design, reliance on self-reported data, and exclusion of critically ill patients. However, despite the limitations, this study could lay a foundation for future projects aiming to optimize care and outcomes for patients living with SCD.

The Burden of Sickle Cell Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Single-Institution Large Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a significant burden for patients and healthcare systems due to multiple factors, including high readmission rates. This study aimed to determine the general characteristics, etiology of admissions, annual admission rate, length of stay, and readmission rate of patients with SCD. Patients and Methods: This retrospective observational study included all adult patients with SCD admitted to the General Internal Medicine (GIM) unit between 2016 and 2021. Results: There were 160 patients (mean age, 31.08 ± 9.06 years; 51.25% female) with SCD included in this study. Most originated from southern Saudi Arabia (45.62%). The average annual number of emergency department (ED) visits was 4, and approximately 19% of patients had ≥3 annual admissions. The mean length of stay was 6 days. The readmission rates at 7, 30, 60, and 90 days were 8%, 24.5%, 13.6%, and 10.8%, respectively. Conclusion: SCD generates a significant economic burden on the Saudi society and the effects on the healthcare system and patients' quality of life are evident in the high ED visits, readmission rates and prolonged hospitalization. Thereupon we advocate the implementation of sickle cell disease-specialized multidisciplinary clinics.

A 20-Year-Old Man with IgA Vasculitis following COVID-19 Vaccination.

IgA vasculitis is a common type of vasculitis that is generally triggered by infectious causes. Vaccines have been reported as a trigger as well. Herein, we report a case of a young man who is previously healthy and who developed IgA vasculitis after the first dose of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Pfizer-BioNTech. The patient's symptoms were mainly skin and joint without renal or other system involvement. The patient had an excellent outcome with complete resolution after treatment with steroid tapering and azathioprine as a steroid-sparing agent over 6 months.

Impact of a COPD comprehensive case management program on hospital length of stay and readmission rates.

BACKGROUND: COPD accounts for the highest rate of hospital admissions among major chronic diseases. COPD hospitalizations are associated with impaired quality of life, high health care utilization, and poor prognosis and result in an economic and a social burden that is both substantial and increasing. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of a comprehensive case management program (CCMP) in reducing length of stay (LOS) and risk of hospital admissions and readmissions in patients with COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively compared outcomes across five large hospitals in Vancouver, BC, Canada, following the implementation of a systems approach to the management of COPD patients who were identified in the hospital and followed up in the community for 90 days. We compared numbers, rates, and intervals of readmission and LOS during 2 years of active program delivery compared to 1 year prior to program implementation. RESULTS: A total of 1,564 patients with a clinical diagnosis of COPD were identified from 2,719 hospital admissions during the 3 years of study. The disease management program reduced COPD-related hospitalizations by 30% and hospitalizations for all causes by 13.6%. Similarly, the rate of readmission for all causes showed a significant decline, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.55 (year 1) and 0.51 (year 2) of intervention (P<0.001). In addition, patients' mean LOS (days) for COPD-related admissions declined significantly from 10.8 to 6.8 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: A comprehensive disease management program for COPD patients, including education, case management, and follow-up, was associated with significant reduction in hospital admissions and LOS.