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1.
Cell ; 165(3): 643-55, 2016 Apr 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27104980

RESUMO

Oncogenic activation of RAS genes via point mutations occurs in 20%-30% of human cancers. The development of effective RAS inhibitors has been challenging, necessitating new approaches to inhibit this oncogenic protein. Functional studies have shown that the switch region of RAS interacts with a large number of effector proteins containing a common RAS-binding domain (RBD). Because RBD-mediated interactions are essential for RAS signaling, blocking RBD association with small molecules constitutes an attractive therapeutic approach. Here, we present evidence that rigosertib, a styryl-benzyl sulfone, acts as a RAS-mimetic and interacts with the RBDs of RAF kinases, resulting in their inability to bind to RAS, disruption of RAF activation, and inhibition of the RAS-RAF-MEK pathway. We also find that ribosertib binds to the RBDs of Ral-GDS and PI3Ks. These results suggest that targeting of RBDs across multiple signaling pathways by rigosertib may represent an effective strategy for inactivation of RAS signaling.


Assuntos
Glicina/análogos & derivados , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/química , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Sulfonas/farmacologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/química , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/efeitos dos fármacos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Dimerização , Glicina/administração & dosagem , Glicina/química , Glicina/farmacologia , Humanos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Fosforilação , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/química , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Alinhamento de Sequência , Sulfonas/administração & dosagem , Sulfonas/química , Proteínas ras/metabolismo , Quinase 1 Polo-Like
2.
Ann N Y Acad Sci ; 1440(1): 23-35, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30221358

RESUMO

Chronic fibrotic liver disease caused by viral or metabolic etiologies is a high-risk condition for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Even after curative treatment of early-stage HCC tumor, the carcinogenic microenvironment persists in the remnant diseased liver and supports the development of de novo HCC tumors (de novo HCC recurrence). Therefore, prevention of HCC development in patients at risk of not only first-primary but also second-primary HCC tumors is theoretically the most impactful strategy to improve patient prognosis. However, no such therapy has been established to date. One major challenge is the identification of clinically relevant targets that can be achieved by utilizing the reverse-engineering strategy of chemoprevention discovery, which integrates omics information from clinical cohorts with completed follow-up for cancer development. Clinical and experimental studies have suggested etiology-specific and generic candidate HCC chemoprevention strategies, including statins, antidiabetic drugs, selective molecular targeted agents, and dietary and nutritional substances. Clinical testing of the candidate compounds can be cost-effectively performed by combining it with HCC risk biomarker evaluation to specify the target patient population most likely to benefit from the therapy. Nontoxic, generic agents will have broad clinical applicability across the diverse HCC etiologies and clinical contexts and are expected to substantially improve the still dismal prognosis of HCC.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/prevenção & controle , Quimioprevenção/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/prevenção & controle , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Dieta , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Doenças Metabólicas/complicações , Doenças Metabólicas/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Alvo Molecular
4.
Front Immunol ; 9: 2125, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30333819

RESUMO

TACI signals activate B cell proliferation, isotype switch and antibody production in both normal immunity and autoimmune states. In contrast to murine TACI, the human TACI gene undergoes alternative splicing to produce short and long isoforms (TACI-S and TACI-L). In previous studies, we showed that transduction of the short, but not long isoform, into murine B cells or human pre-B cells lacking TACI, caused them to become transcriptional and morphologically identical to plasma cells. These data suggest that the expression of different isoforms in humans provides unique controls on B cell maturation. In these studies we show that TACI-S and TACI-L form complexes in a ligand-independent manner, not dependent on a single extracellular domain. Both TACI isoforms are detectable in the endosomal cellular compartment where they co-localize with MyD88, TRAF6, and the activated 65 kDa form of TLR9, depending on a conserved intracellular TACI sequence. In contrast to TACI-L expressing cells, or cells bearing both isoforms, TACI-S binds ligands BAFF and APRIL with substantially greater affinity and promotes enhanced NF-kB activation. Using isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies, we show that while TACI-L is predominant as a surface receptor surface on human B cells, significantly more TACI-S is noted in the intracellular compartment and also in marginal zone, isotype switched and plasmablast in resting B cells. TACI-S is increased in tonsillar B cells and also in the intracellular compartment of activated peripheral B cells. These data shows that alternative splicing of the human TACI gene leads to two isoforms both of which intersect with MyD88 and TRAF6 and form complexes with TLR9, but the two isoforms have different ligand binding capacities, subcellular locations and activation capabilities.


Assuntos
Fator Ativador de Células B/imunologia , Plasmócitos/imunologia , Proteína Transmembrana Ativadora e Interagente do CAML/imunologia , Membro 13 da Superfamília de Ligantes de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/imunologia , Animais , Fator Ativador de Células B/genética , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular , Camundongos , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/genética , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/imunologia , Plasmócitos/citologia , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/imunologia , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/genética , Fator 6 Associado a Receptor de TNF/imunologia , Receptor Toll-Like 9/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 9/imunologia , Proteína Transmembrana Ativadora e Interagente do CAML/genética , Membro 13 da Superfamília de Ligantes de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/genética
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