RESUMO
We show real-time measurement of error-free superchannel transmission over more than 10,500 km of large-area fiber at a spectral efficiency of 4.66 b/s/Hz, utilizing subcarrier based signal processing optimized at 5.4 GBd.
RESUMO
Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a rare developmental skeletal malformation of the upper limb, characterized by the fusion of the proximal ends of the radius and ulna from birth. The failure of prenatal longitudinal segmentation of the adjacent radius and ulna results in a fibrous bony bridge between the radius and ulna. We present a 23-year-old female who presented with pain and restricted mobility of the left elbow joint for 7 years. A plain X-ray was performed for the patient, revealing a diagnosis of congenital radio-ulnar synostosis. Careful evaluation of the anatomical relations and spatial orientation of bony structures is required for the diagnosis and treatment of such cases.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Cotovelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/diagnóstico por imagem , Deformidades Congênitas da Mão/diagnóstico por imagem , Sindactilia/diagnóstico por imagem , Anormalidades Múltiplas/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/fisiopatologia , Deformidades Congênitas da Mão/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Radiografia , Sindactilia/fisiopatologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The efficiency of the multicanonical procedure can be significantly improved by applying an additional bias to the numerically generated sample space. However, results obtained by biasing in different sampling regions cannot in general be accurately combined, since their relative normalization coefficient is not known precisely. We demonstrate that for overlapping biasing regions a simple iterative procedure can be employed to determine the required coefficients.