Successful outpatient conservative management of chyle leak after laparoscopic left hemicolectomy.

Chyle leak is a pathological extravasation of chyle into the peritoneal cavity after a surgical injury. It is an uncommon complication in colorectal surgery. In most cases, conservative treatment is effective, although it often entails prolonged hospital stays. We present the case of a 60-year-old female with chyle leak after laparoscopic left hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision who underwent successful outpatient conservative management. We found no other cases of successful conservative outpatient treatment in the consulted literature. Adequate outpatient management may provide significant benefits by reducing hospital costs and improving patient´s quality of life, while maintaining the possibility of starting adjuvant treatment if indicated.

Eosinophilic appendicitis due to Strongyloides stercoralis: a challenging differential diagnosis for clinicians.

A 45-year-old man presents with 48-hour status of high temperature, cough and dyspnoea. In the context of pandemic, the patient is initially diagnosed with COVID-19 syndrome. Later, the laboratory and ultrasound study supported acute appendicitis diagnosis. Appendicectomy was performed. The histopathology study confirmed eosinophilic appendicitis and that a parasitic infection was suspected. The stool sample was positive for Strongyloides stercoralis The diagnosis of a S stercoralis is a rare finding in Spain. S. stercoralis simulates clinical findings of inflammatory bowel disease or eosinophilic gastroenteritis, which may lead to the wrong therapeutic choice. Since in inflammatory diseases corticosteroid treatments are considered the initial choice in many cases, in the case of S. stercoralis infection, the administration of this therapy can be fatal. In Spain, the number of diagnoses is much lower than in the past decade, although it is highly probable that the infection has been underdiagnosed due to low clinical awareness among Spanish population.

Eosinophilic colitis: an infrequent disease with difficult diagnose.

Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a rare entity. It is part of eosinophilic gastroenteritis, a rare inflammatory disorder characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of tissues that can affect any segment of the digestive tract. The diagnosis is established by the presence of an increased eosinophilic infiltrate in the colon wall in symptomatic patients. There is no characteristic clinical picture of EC. It can be associated with abdominal pain, changes in bowel movements, diarrhoea and rectal bleeding. Biopsies are mandatory if EC is suspected and despite visualising a normal mucosa. Although there are no protocol guidelines in this regard, steroid treatment is the first option in controlling the disease. Increasing the knowledge of clinicians and pathologists of this disorder and the recording its real incidence and population impact, could improve the understanding and treatment of the disease.