Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 27
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Am J Hum Genet ; 108(2): 357-367, 2021 02 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33508234

RESUMO

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the main pathology underlying steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease. Monogenic forms of pediatric SRNS are predominantly caused by recessive mutations, while the contribution of de novo variants (DNVs) to this trait is poorly understood. Using exome sequencing (ES) in a proband with FSGS/SRNS, developmental delay, and epilepsy, we discovered a nonsense DNV in TRIM8, which encodes the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif containing 8. To establish whether TRIM8 variants represent a cause of FSGS, we aggregated exome/genome-sequencing data for 2,501 pediatric FSGS/SRNS-affected individuals and 48,556 control subjects, detecting eight heterozygous TRIM8 truncating variants in affected subjects but none in control subjects (p = 3.28 × 10-11). In all six cases with available parental DNA, we demonstrated de novo inheritance (p = 2.21 × 10-15). Reverse phenotyping revealed neurodevelopmental disease in all eight families. We next analyzed ES from 9,067 individuals with epilepsy, yielding three additional families with truncating TRIM8 variants. Clinical review revealed FSGS in all. All TRIM8 variants cause protein truncation clustering within the last exon between residues 390 and 487 of the 551 amino acid protein, indicating a correlation between this syndrome and loss of the TRIM8 C-terminal region. Wild-type TRIM8 overexpressed in immortalized human podocytes and neuronal cells localized to nuclear bodies, while constructs harboring patient-specific variants mislocalized diffusely to the nucleoplasm. Co-localization studies demonstrated that Gemini and Cajal bodies frequently abut a TRIM8 nuclear body. Truncating TRIM8 DNVs cause a neuro-renal syndrome via aberrant TRIM8 localization, implicating nuclear bodies in FSGS and developmental brain disease.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/genética , Epilepsia/genética , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/genética , Espaço Intranuclear/metabolismo , Síndrome Nefrótica/genética , Síndrome Nefrótica/metabolismo , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Adulto , Animais , Proteínas de Transporte/química , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Códon sem Sentido , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/metabolismo , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Feminino , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/metabolismo , Humanos , Rim/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Mutação , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/química , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Podócitos/metabolismo , Sequenciamento do Exoma
2.
Kidney Int ; 102(3): 604-612, 2022 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35643375

RESUMO

Primary Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency is an ultra-rare disorder caused by defects in genes involved in CoQ10 biosynthesis leading to multidrug-resistant nephrotic syndrome as the hallmark kidney manifestation. Promising early results have been reported anecdotally with oral CoQ10 supplementation. However, the long-term efficacy and optimal prescription remain to be established. In a global effort, we collected and analyzed information from 116 patients who received CoQ10 supplements for primary CoQ10 deficiency due to biallelic pathogenic variants in either the COQ2, COQ6 or COQ8B genes. Median duration of follow up on treatment was two years. The effect of treatment on proteinuria was assessed, and kidney survival was analyzed in 41 patients younger than 18 years with chronic kidney disease stage 1-4 at the start of treatment compared with that of an untreated cohort matched by genotype, age, kidney function, and proteinuria. CoQ10 supplementation was associated with a substantial and significant sustained reduction of proteinuria by 88% at 12 months. Complete remission of proteinuria was more frequently observed in COQ6 disease. CoQ10 supplementation led to significantly better preservation of kidney function (5-year kidney failure-free survival 62% vs. 19%) with an improvement in general condition and neurological manifestations. Side effects of treatment were uncommon and mild. Thus, our findings indicate that all patients diagnosed with primary CoQ10 deficiency should receive early and life-long CoQ10 supplementation to decelerate the progression of kidney disease and prevent further damage to other organs.


Assuntos
Doenças Mitocondriais , Síndrome Nefrótica , Ubiquinona , Ataxia/tratamento farmacológico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Rim/patologia , Doenças Mitocondriais/tratamento farmacológico , Debilidade Muscular/tratamento farmacológico , Mutação , Síndrome Nefrótica/complicações , Síndrome Nefrótica/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Nefrótica/genética , Proteinúria/diagnóstico , Proteinúria/tratamento farmacológico , Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Ubiquinona/análogos & derivados , Ubiquinona/deficiência , Ubiquinona/uso terapêutico
3.
Kidney Int ; 102(3): 592-603, 2022 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35483523

RESUMO

Primary Coenzyme Q10 deficiency is a rare mitochondriopathy with a wide spectrum of organ involvement, including steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome mainly associated with disease-causing variants in the genes COQ2, COQ6 or COQ8B. We performed a systematic literature review, PodoNet, mitoNET, and CCGKDD registries queries and an online survey, collecting comprehensive clinical and genetic data of 251 patients spanning 173 published (47 updated) and 78 new cases. Kidney disease was first diagnosed at median age 1.0, 1.2 and 9.8 years in individuals with disease-causing variants in COQ2, COQ6 and COQ8B, respectively. Isolated kidney involvement at diagnosis occurred in 34% of COQ2, 10.8% of COQ6 and 70.7% of COQ8B variant individuals. Classic infantile multiorgan involvement comprised 22% of the COQ2 variant cohort while 47% of them developed neurological symptoms at median age 2.7 years. The association of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and sensorineural hearing loss was confirmed as the distinctive phenotype of COQ6 variants, with hearing impairment manifesting at average age three years. None of the patients with COQ8B variants, but 50% of patients with COQ2 and COQ6 variants progressed to kidney failure by age five. At adult age, kidney survival was equally poor (20-25%) across all disorders. A number of sequence variants, including putative local founder mutations, had divergent clinical presentations, in terms of onset age, kidney and non-kidney manifestations and kidney survival. Milder kidney phenotype was present in those with biallelic truncating variants within the COQ8B variant cohort. Thus, significant intra- and inter-familial phenotype variability was observed, suggesting both genetic and non-genetic modifiers of disease severity.


Assuntos
Síndrome Nefrótica , Ataxia , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Doenças Mitocondriais , Debilidade Muscular , Mutação , Síndrome Nefrótica/diagnóstico , Esteroides , Ubiquinona/deficiência
4.
Mol Genet Metab ; 136(4): 268-273, 2022 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35835062

RESUMO

Infantile nephropathic cystinosis, due to impaired transport of cystine out of lysosomes, occurs with an incidence of 1 in 100-200,000 live births. It is characterized by renal Fanconi syndrome in the first year of life and glomerular dysfunction progression to end-stage kidney disease by approximately 10 years of age. Treatment with oral cysteamine therapy helps preserve glomerular function, but affected individuals eventually require kidney replacement therapy. This is because glomerular damage had already occurred by the time a child is diagnosed with cystinosis, typically in the second year of life. We performed a retrospective multicenter study to investigate the impact of initiating cysteamine treatment within the first 2 months of life in some infants and comparing two different levels of adherence in patients diagnosed at the typical age. We collected 3983 data points from 55 patients born between 1997 and 2020; 52 patients with 1592 data points could be further evaluated. These data were first analyzed by dividing the patient cohort into three groups: (i) standard treatment start with good adherence, (ii) standard treatment start with less good adherence, and (iii) early treatment start. At every age, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was higher in early-treated patients than in later-treated patients. Second, a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was applied showing that patients with initiation of treatment before 2 months of age are expected to have a 34 ml/min/1.73 m2 higher eGFR than patients with later treatment start while controlling for adherence and patients' age. These data strongly suggest that oral cysteamine treatment initiated within 2 months of birth preserves kidney function in infantile nephropathic cystinosis and provide evidence of the utility of newborn screening for this disease.


Assuntos
Cistinose , Síndrome de Fanconi , Criança , Cisteamina/uso terapêutico , Cistinose/complicações , Cistinose/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Fanconi/induzido quimicamente , Síndrome de Fanconi/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Fanconi/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Rim
5.
Kidney Int ; 100(3): 650-659, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33940108

RESUMO

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe disease of early childhood that is clinically characterized by fibrocystic changes of the kidneys and the liver. The main cause of ARPKD are variants in the PKHD1 gene encoding the large transmembrane protein fibrocystin. The mechanisms underlying the observed clinical heterogeneity in ARPKD remain incompletely understood, partly due to the fact that genotype-phenotype correlations have been limited to the association of biallelic null variants in PKHD1 with the most severe phenotypes. In this observational study we analyzed a deep clinical dataset of 304 patients with ARPKD from two independent cohorts and identified novel genotype-phenotype correlations during childhood and adolescence. Biallelic null variants frequently show severe courses. Additionally, our data suggest that the affected region in PKHD1 is important in determining the phenotype. Patients with two missense variants affecting amino acids 709-1837 of fibrocystin or a missense variant in this region and a null variant less frequently developed chronic kidney failure, and patients with missense variants affecting amino acids 1838-2624 showed better hepatic outcome. Variants affecting amino acids 2625-4074 of fibrocystin were associated with poorer hepatic outcome. Thus, our data expand the understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations in pediatric ARPKD patients and can lay the foundation for more precise and personalized counselling and treatment approaches.


Assuntos
Rim Policístico Autossômico Recessivo , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Rim , Mutação , Fenótipo , Rim Policístico Autossômico Recessivo/diagnóstico , Rim Policístico Autossômico Recessivo/genética , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética
6.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 36(10): 2971-2985, 2021 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34091756

RESUMO

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is the most frequent glomerular disease in children in most parts of the world. Children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) generally have a good prognosis regarding the maintenance of normal kidney function even in the case of frequent relapses. The course of SSNS is often complicated by a high rate of relapses and the associated side effects of repeated glucocorticoid (steroid) therapy. The following recommendations for the treatment of SSNS are based on the comprehensive consideration of published evidence by a working group of the German Society for Pediatric Nephrology (GPN) based on the systematic Cochrane reviews on SSNS and the guidelines of the KDIGO working group (Kidney Disease - Improving Global Outcomes).


Assuntos
Nefrose Lipoide , Síndrome Nefrótica , Criança , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Nefrose Lipoide/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Nefrótica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Nefrótica/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Nefrótica/fisiopatologia , Recidiva , Esteroides/uso terapêutico
7.
Ther Drug Monit ; 41(6): 696-702, 2019 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31425441

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plays an increasingly important role in the treatment of children with nephrotic syndrome, especially in steroid sparing protocols. Recent publications show the relationship of exposure to its active moiety mycophenolic acid (MPA) and clinical efficacy. Performance of full-time pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, however, is inconvenient and laborious. Established limited sampling strategies (LSS) to estimate the area under the concentration (AUC) versus time curve of MPA (MPA-AUC) in pediatric renal transplant recipients cannot be easily transferred to children suffering from nephrotic syndrome, mainly because of the lack of concomitant immunosuppressive therapy. We therefore aimed for the generation and validation of a LSS to estimate MPA exposure to facilitate therapeutic drug monitoring in children with nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: We performed 27 complete PK profiles in 23 children in remission [mean age (±SD):12.3 ± 4.26 years] to generate and validate an LSS. Sampling time points were before administration (C0) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours after the administration of MMF. MPA was measured by enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique. There was no concomitant treatment with calcineurin inhibitors. RESULTS: Mean daily dose of MMF was 927 ± 209 mg/m of body surface area resulting in a mean MPA-AUC0-12 value of 59.2 ± 29.3 mg × h/L and a predose level of 3.03 ± 2.24 mg/L. Between-patient variability of dose-normalized MPA-AUC0-12 was high (coefficient of variation: 45.5%). Correlation of predose levels with the corresponding MPA-AUC0-12 was moderate (r = 0.59) in a subgroup of 18 patients (20 PK profiles, generation group). An algorithm based on 3 PK sampling time points during the first 2 hours after MMF dosing (estimated AUC0-12 = 8.7 + 4.63 × C0 + 1.90 × C1 + 1.52 × C2) was able to predict MPA-AUC with a low percentage prediction error (3.88%) and a good correlation of determination (r = 0.90). Validation of this algorithm in a randomized separate group of 6 patients (7 PK profiles, validation group) resulted in comparably good correlation (r = 0.95) and low percentage prediction error (5.57%). CONCLUSIONS: An abbreviated profile within the first 2 hours after MMF dosing gives a good estimate of MPA exposure in children with nephrotic syndrome and hence has the potential to optimize MMF therapy.


Assuntos
Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Imunossupressores/farmacocinética , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Ácido Micofenólico/farmacocinética , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Síndrome Nefrótica/sangue , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Ácido Micofenólico/sangue
8.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 31(6): 941-55, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26809805

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Alport syndrome (ATS) is a progressive hereditary nephropathy characterized by hematuria and proteinuria. It can be associated with extrarenal manifestations. In contrast, thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) is characterized by microscopic hematuria, is largely asymptomatic, and is rarely associated with proteinuria and end-stage renal disease. Mutations have been identified in the COL4A5 gene in ATS and in the COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes in ATS and TBMN. To date, more than 1000 different mutations in COL4A5, COL4A3, and COL4A4 are known. METHODS: In this study mutational analysis by exon sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was performed in a large European cohort of families with ATS and TBMN. RESULTS: Molecular diagnostic testing of 216 individuals led to the detection of 47 novel mutations, thereby expanding the spectrum of known mutations causing ATS and TBMN by up to 10 and 6%, respectively, depending on the database. Remarkably, a high number of ATS patients with only single mutations in COL4A3 and COL4A4 were identified. Additionally, three ATS patients presented with synonymous sequence variants that possible affect correct mRNA splicing, as suggested by in silico analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study clearly broaden the genotypic spectrum of known mutations for ATS and TBMN, which will in turn now facilitate future studies into genotype-phenotype correlations. Further studies should also examine the significance of single heterozygous mutations in COL4A3 and COL4A4 and of synonymous sequence variants associated with ATS.


Assuntos
Autoantígenos/genética , Colágeno Tipo IV/genética , Hematúria/genética , Nefrite Hereditária/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética , Hematúria/complicações , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Nefrite Hereditária/complicações , Proteinúria/etiologia , Proteinúria/genética , Adulto Jovem
10.
PLoS One ; 18(11): e0294142, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38015955

RESUMO

Urinary tract obstruction during renal development leads to inflammation, tubular apoptosis, and interstitial fibrosis. Toll like receptors (TLRs) expressed on leukocytes, myofibroblasts and renal cells play a central role in acute inflammation. TLR2 is activated by endogenous danger signals in the kidney; its contribution to renal injury in early life is still a controversial topic. We analyzed TLR2 for a potential role in the neonatal mouse model of congenital obstructive nephropathy. Inborn obstructive nephropathies are a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease in children. Thus, newborn Tlr2-/- and wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were subjected to complete unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or sham-operation on the 2nd day of life. The neonatal kidneys were harvested and analyzed at days 7 and 14 of life. Relative expression levels of TLR2, caspase-8, Bcl-2, Bax, GSDMD, GSDME, HMGB1, TNF, galectin-3, α-SMA, MMP-2, and TGF-ß proteins were quantified semi-quantitatively by immunoblot analyses. Tubular apoptosis, proliferation, macrophage- and T-cell infiltration, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis were analyzed immunohistochemically. Neonatal Tlr2-/- mice kidneys exhibited less tubular and interstitial apoptosis as compared to those of WT C57BL/6 mice after UUO. UUO induced neonatally did trigger pyroptosis in kidneys, however to similar degrees in Tlr2-/- and WT mice. Also, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, tubular proliferation, as well as macrophage and T-cell infiltration were unremarkable. We conclude that while TLR2 mediates apoptosis in the kidneys of neonatal mice subjected to UUO, leukocyte recruitment, interstitial fibrosis, and consequent neonatal obstructive nephropathy might lack a TLR2 involvement.


Assuntos
Nefropatias , Obstrução Ureteral , Animais , Criança , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Apoptose , Atrofia/patologia , Fibrose , Inflamação/patologia , Rim/patologia , Nefropatias/patologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Obstrução Ureteral/patologia
11.
J Am Soc Nephrol ; 22(11): 2047-56, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22034641

RESUMO

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is typically a late-onset disease caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2, but about 2% of patients with ADPKD show an early and severe phenotype that can be clinically indistinguishable from autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). The high recurrence risk in pedigrees with early and severe PKD strongly suggests a common familial modifying background, but the mechanisms underlying the extensive phenotypic variability observed among affected family members remain unknown. Here, we describe severely affected patients with PKD who carry, in addition to their expected familial germ-line defect, additional mutations in PKD genes, including HNF-1ß, which likely aggravate the phenotype. Our findings are consistent with a common pathogenesis and dosage theory for PKD and may propose a general concept for the modification of disease expression in other so-called monogenic disorders.


Assuntos
Translocador Nuclear Receptor Aril Hidrocarboneto/genética , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/genética , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Canais de Cátion TRPP/genética , Adulto , Idade de Início , Idoso , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Linhagem , Fenótipo , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/epidemiologia , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/patologia , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco
12.
Eur J Pediatr ; 170(6): 747-50, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21052738

RESUMO

Exposure to inorganic mercury (Hg) is a serious problem presenting with a combination of neurological and psychiatric symptoms along with weight loss, pruritus, erythema, arterial hypertension, tachycardia, and renal tubular dysfunction. We report a 4-year-old girl with chronic intoxication of inorganic mercury secondary to the accidental use of an Hg2Cl2- and HgCl2-containing skin whitening cream (urine level of Hg, 41.1 µg/l; reference level, < 25 µg/l). Under treatment with dimercapto-1-propansulficacid, Hg level in the urine raised to 1,175.5 µg/l, neurological deterioration occurred, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed on fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequences new hyperintense lesions in the subcortical white matter. After 4 months, clinical signs and symptoms and brain MRI findings resolved. This is a first case of inorganic mercury poisoning showing hyperintense lesions in brain MRI and confirms earlier cases showing transient deterioration during chelation therapy. Although urinary excretion could be enhanced during chelation therapy, signs and symptoms of intoxication could be worsened.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/patologia , Terapia por Quelação , Cosméticos/efeitos adversos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Cloreto de Mercúrio/administração & dosagem , Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Mercúrio/patologia , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Mercúrio/urina , Intoxicação do Sistema Nervoso por Mercúrio/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 25(8): 1539-42, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20177710

RESUMO

Thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and Alport syndrome (ATS) are genetically heterogeneous conditions characterized by structural abnormalities in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). TBMN presents with hematuria, minimal proteinuria, and normal renal function. Although TBMN is an autosomal dominant disease (COL4A3 and COL4A4), ATS can be inherited X-linked (COL4A5), autosomal recessive, or autosomal dominant (both COL4A3 and COL4A4). The clinical course of TBMN is usually benign, whereas ATS typically results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Nevertheless, there is a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes caused by mutations in COL4A3 or COL4A4. We report an Italian family who presented with hematuria and mild proteinuria. Mutational analysis showed a novel heterozygous mutation p.G291E in exon 15 of the COL4A3 gene. Many different mutations in COL4A3 and COL4A4 that cause TBMN have already been identified, but most genetic variability in these genes has been found to cause autosomal ATS. A valid genotype-phenotype correlation for TBMN or ATS is not yet known. Therefore, it is important to identify new mutations by direct sequencing to clarify their clinical importance, to assess the prognosis of the disease, and to avoid renal biopsy.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/genética , Mutação/genética , Adolescente , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Éxons , Seguimentos , Estudos de Associação Genética , Membrana Basal Glomerular/patologia , Hematúria/genética , Hematúria/patologia , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Nefropatias/genética , Nefropatias/patologia , Falência Renal Crônica/patologia , Masculino , Nefrite Hereditária/genética , Nefrite Hereditária/patologia , Proteinúria/genética , Proteinúria/patologia
14.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol ; 32(8): e314-6, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20921908

RESUMO

We report a 12-year-old boy with osteoblastic osteosarcoma of the right femur. He was started on chemotherapy according to the EURAMOS/COSS 1 protocol. Chemotherapy with doxorubicin/cisplatin resulted in reversible acute renal failure and methotrexate levels were repeatedly elevated. Family history suggested an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Genetic testing revealed a novel mutation c.10707_10712del (p.Val3569_3570del) in exon 36 of the PKD1 gene. Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may be at risk for acute renal failure during chemotherapy without signs of renal impairment. A careful family history is important to exclude risk factors for renal impairment before introducing high-dose chemotherapy.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Neoplasias Ósseas/tratamento farmacológico , Metotrexato/farmacocinética , Osteossarcoma/complicações , Osteossarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/complicações , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Criança , Humanos , Achados Incidentais , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/metabolismo , Rim Policístico Autossômico Dominante/fisiopatologia
15.
J Clin Invest ; 130(1): 335-344, 2020 01 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31613795

RESUMO

BACKGROUNDProteinuria is considered an unfavorable clinical condition that accelerates renal and cardiovascular disease. However, it is not clear whether all forms of proteinuria are damaging. Mutations in CUBN cause Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (IGS), which is characterized by intestinal malabsorption of vitamin B12 and in some cases proteinuria. CUBN encodes for cubilin, an intestinal and proximal tubular uptake receptor containing 27 CUB domains for ligand binding.METHODSWe used next-generation sequencing for renal disease genes to genotype cohorts of patients with suspected hereditary renal disease and chronic proteinuria. CUBN variants were analyzed using bioinformatics, structural modeling, and epidemiological methods.RESULTSWe identified 39 patients, in whom biallelic pathogenic variants in the CUBN gene were associated with chronic isolated proteinuria and early childhood onset. Since the proteinuria in these patients had a high proportion of albuminuria, glomerular diseases such as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome or Alport syndrome were often the primary clinical diagnosis, motivating renal biopsies and the use of proteinuria-lowering treatments. However, renal function was normal in all cases. By contrast, we did not found any biallelic CUBN variants in proteinuric patients with reduced renal function or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Unlike the more N-terminal IGS mutations, 37 of the 41 proteinuria-associated CUBN variants led to modifications or truncations after the vitamin B12-binding domain. Finally, we show that 4 C-terminal CUBN variants are associated with albuminuria and slightly increased GFR in meta-analyses of large population-based cohorts.CONCLUSIONCollectively, our data suggest an important role for the C-terminal half of cubilin in renal albumin reabsorption. Albuminuria due to reduced cubilin function could be an unexpectedly common benign condition in humans that may not require any proteinuria-lowering treatment or renal biopsy.FUNDINGATIP-Avenir program, Fondation Bettencourt-Schueller (Liliane Bettencourt Chair of Developmental Biology), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) Investissements d'avenir program (ANR-10-IAHU-01) and NEPHROFLY (ANR-14-ACHN-0013, to MS), Steno Collaborative Grant 2018 (NNF18OC0052457, to TSA and MS), Heisenberg Professorship of the German Research Foundation (KO 3598/5-1, to AK), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) KIDGEM 1140 (project 246781735, to CB), and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMB) (01GM1515C, to CB).


Assuntos
Albuminúria , Anemia Megaloblástica , Túbulos Renais Proximais , Síndromes de Malabsorção , Mutação , Proteinúria , Receptores de Superfície Celular , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12 , Albuminúria/epidemiologia , Albuminúria/genética , Albuminúria/metabolismo , Albuminúria/patologia , Anemia Megaloblástica/epidemiologia , Anemia Megaloblástica/genética , Anemia Megaloblástica/metabolismo , Anemia Megaloblástica/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Túbulos Renais Proximais/metabolismo , Túbulos Renais Proximais/patologia , Síndromes de Malabsorção/epidemiologia , Síndromes de Malabsorção/genética , Síndromes de Malabsorção/metabolismo , Síndromes de Malabsorção/patologia , Masculino , Proteinúria/epidemiologia , Proteinúria/genética , Proteinúria/metabolismo , Proteinúria/patologia , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/genética , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/patologia
16.
BMJ Open ; 8(10): e024882, 2018 10 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30309995

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is the most common glomerular disease in childhood with an incidence of 1.8 cases per 100 000 children in Germany. The treatment of the first episode implies two aspects: induction of remission and sustainment of remission. The recent Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, American Academy of Pediatrics and German guidelines for the initial treatment of the first episode of a nephrotic syndrome recommend a 12-week course of prednisone. Despite being effective, this treatment is associated with pronounced glucocorticoid-associated toxicity due to high-dose prednisone administration over a prolonged period of time. The aim of the INTENT study (Initial treatment of steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrom in children with mycophenolate mofetil versus prednisone: protocol for a randomised, controlled, multicentre trial) is to show that an alternative treatment regimen with mycophenolic acid is not inferior regarding sustainment of remission, but with lower toxicity compared with treatment with glucocorticoids only. METHODS AND DESIGN: The study is designed as an open, randomised, controlled, multicentre trial. 340 children with a first episode of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and who achieved remission by a standard prednisone regimen will be enrolled in the trial and randomised to one of two treatment arms. The standard care group will be treated with prednisone for a total of 12 weeks; in the experimental group the treatment is switched to mycophenolate mofetil, also for a total of 12 weeks in treatment duration. The primary endpoint is the occurrence of a treated relapse within 24 months after completion of initial treatment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval for this trial was granted by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg (AFmu-554/2014). The study results will be published in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement and the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials guidelines. Our findings will be submitted to major international paediatric nephrology and general paediatric conferences and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: DRKS0006547; EudraCT2014-001991-76; Pre-result. DATE OF REGISTRATION: 30 October 2014; 24 February 2017.


Assuntos
Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Síndrome Nefrótica/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Monitoramento de Medicamentos , Alemanha , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Recidiva , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Front Pediatr ; 5: 66, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28443267

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Measurement of inulin clearance is considered to be the gold standard for determining kidney function in children, but this method is time consuming and expensive. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is on the other hand easier to calculate by using various creatinine- and/or cystatin C (Cys C)-based formulas. However, for the determination of serum creatinine (Scr) and Cys C, different and non-interchangeable analytical methods exist. Given the fact that different analytical methods for the determination of creatinine and Cys C were used in order to validate existing GFR formulas, clinicians should be aware of the type used in their local laboratory. In this study, we compared GFR results calculated on the basis of different GFR formulas and either used Scr and Cys C values as determined by the analytical method originally employed for validation or values obtained by an alternative analytical method to evaluate any possible effects on the performance. METHODS: Cys C values determined by means of an immunoturbidimetric assay were used for calculating the GFR using equations in which this analytical method had originally been used for validation. Additionally, these same values were then used in other GFR formulas that had originally been validated using a nephelometric immunoassay for determining Cys C. The effect of using either the compatible or the possibly incompatible analytical method for determining Cys C in the calculation of GFR was assessed in comparison with the GFR measured by creatinine clearance (CrCl). RESULTS: Unexpectedly, using GFR equations that employed Cys C values derived from a possibly incompatible analytical method did not result in a significant difference concerning the classification of patients as having normal or reduced GFR compared to the classification obtained on the basis of CrCl. Sensitivity and specificity were adequate. On the other hand, formulas using Cys C values derived from a compatible analytical method partly showed insufficient performance when compared to CrCl. CONCLUSION: Although clinicians should be aware of applying a GFR formula that is compatible with the locally used analytical method for determining Cys C and creatinine, other factors might be more crucial for the calculation of correct GFR values.

19.
Am J Kidney Dis ; 48(6): 942.e1-14, 2006 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17162149

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dent disease is an X-linked tubulopathy frequently caused by mutations affecting the voltage-gated chloride channel and chloride/proton antiporter ClC-5. A recent study showed that defects in OCRL1, encoding a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase (Ocrl) and usually found mutated in patients with Lowe syndrome, also can provoke a Dent-like phenotype (Dent 2 disease). METHODS: We investigated 20 CLCN5-negative males from 17 families with a phenotype resembling Dent disease for defects in OCRL1. RESULTS: In our complete series of 35 families with a phenotype of Dent disease, a mutation in the OCRL1 gene was detected in 6 kindreds. All were novel frameshift (Q70RfsX88 and T121NfsX122, detected twice) or missense mutations (I257T and R476W). None of our patients had cognitive or behavioral impairment or cataracts, 2 classic hallmarks of Lowe syndrome. All patients had mild increases in lactate dehydrogenase and/or creatine kinase levels, which rarely is observed in CLCN5-positive patients, but frequently found in patients with Lowe syndrome. To explain the phenotypic heterogeneity caused by OCRL1 mutations, we performed extensive data-bank mining and extended reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis, which provided no evidence for yet unknown (tissue-specific) alternative OCRL1 transcripts. CONCLUSION: Mutations in the OCRL1 gene are found in approximately 23% of kindreds with a Dent phenotype. Defective protein sorting/targeting of Ocrl might be the reason for mildly elevated creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase serum concentrations in these patients and a clue to suspect Dent disease unrelated to CLCN5 mutations. It remains to be elucidated why the various OCRL1 mutations found in patients with Dent 2 disease do not cause cataracts.


Assuntos
Mutação da Fase de Leitura , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/genética , Erros Inatos do Transporte Tubular Renal/genética , Canais de Cloreto/genética , Creatina Quinase/sangue , Humanos , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/sangue , Masculino , Síndrome Oculocerebrorrenal/genética , Linhagem , Fenótipo , Transporte Proteico/fisiologia , Erros Inatos do Transporte Tubular Renal/sangue , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Análise de Sequência de DNA
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA