Comparing intraosseous computerized anaesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve block in the treatment of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled trial.

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular effects [heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and the anaesthetic efficacy of intraosseous computerized anaesthesia (ICA) versus inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). METHODOLOGY: The study protocol was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03802305). In a randomized, prospective clinical trial, 72 mandibular molar teeth with SIP were randomly allocated to conventional IANB injection (n = 36) or ICA injection (n = 36), both with 1.8 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100 000 epinephrine. The primary objective was to assess the cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure) before, during and after the anaesthesia. The secondary objectives were to compare ICA with IANB for success and postoperative outcomes for up to 3 days. RESULTS: The maximum increase in heart rate in the ICA group was greater than in the IANB. Other cardiovascular parameters did not show differences throughout the clinical procedure. There were no statistically significant differences (p > .05) between groups for sex, age, or anxiety. The total success rate of ICA (91.43%) was significantly higher (p = .0034) than that of IANB (69.44%). CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes that ICA is safe and efficient in the first intention for the treatment of SIP of the mandibular molar.

Dental anomalies in craniofacial microsomia and condylo-mandibular dysplasia: A retrospective study of 103 patients.

INTRODUCTION: Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and camel-hump condylo-mandibular dysplasia (CMD) are developmental disorders affecting the mandible that share common clinical features. This study aimed to investigate and compare the dental anomalies (DA) between the two entities for differential diagnosis and to propose appropriate treatment. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study was based on panoramic radiographs of patients diagnosed with CFM or CMD. DA were evaluated using the classification reported by Bilge. Delayed tooth eruption on the affected side was noted based on a comparison with the contralateral side. Nolla's stages of tooth calcification were used to assess dental development. RESULTS: A total of 103 patients were included, 80 subjects (77.7 %) in CFM group and 23 patients (22.3 %) in CMD group. The prevalence of DA among CFM and CMD-affected patients were 80.0 % and 95.7 %, respectively. Tooth ectopia, tooth impaction, dental development delay, and delayed tooth eruption on the affected side exhibited a significant association with the two craniofacial malformations. The overall affected teeth (molars, premolars, canines) differed between the two craniofacial malformations. Dental abnormalities such as oligodontia, hyperdontia, dentin dysplasia, and anomalies of shape were seen only in subjects affected by CFM. CONCLUSION: DA were widely observed in patients with CFM and CMD. The global distribution of affected teeth differed between the two conditions and some DA were detected only in CFM patients. When clinical diagnosis remains uncertain, some specific radiological characteristics of DA can be used to differentiate CFM from CMD.