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1.
J Environ Manage ; 350: 119491, 2024 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38007932

RESUMO

Agriculture is a main driver of land-cover change globally resulting in decreased biodiversity, increased carbon emissions, and land desertification. Environmental best management practices reduce risk to the environment caused by agricultural operations. However, the adoption of environmental best management practices by farmers often is lower than what would be possible. While prior studies have investigated determinants of environmental best management practices, it is not well understood how social psychological drivers of various best management practices may be modified by contextual factors. To help close this knowledge gap, we conducted a large-scale survey of Ontario farmers investigating how social psychological factors and resource constraints combine to determine adoption of farm forests, riparian buffers and windbreaks, and how these relationships are modified by farmer demographics and farm characteristics. We analyzed survey responses of 490 farmers with structural equation modeling using the Theory of Planned Behavior as theoretical framework. Our results suggest that perceived benefits of environmental best management practices are of relatively low impact on best management practice adoption. Beliefs of a personal obligation for adoption and the perception of the capacity for adoption consistently were of higher impact, with lack of labor as main constraint. The relationships of perceived benefits and social norms with adoption were modified by farmer income, education, and age, as well as by the distance between a farm and the nearest settlement. However, the relationship of control beliefs with adoption was not affected by any contextual factors. We conclude that the improvement of programs in support of labor availability may have positive impacts on the adoption of the investigated environmental best management practices.


Assuntos
Agricultura , Fazendeiros , Humanos , Fazendeiros/psicologia , Agricultura/métodos , Fazendas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Biodiversidade
2.
Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can ; 38(11): 419-435, 2018 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30430816

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The lack of policy, practice and research action on physical activity and features of the physical (built and natural) environments in rural, remote and northern settings is a significant threat to population health equity in Canada. This paper presents a synthesis of current evidence on the promotion of physical activity in non-urban settings, outcomes from a national priority-setting meeting, and a preliminary call to action to support the implementation and success of population-level initiatives targeting physical activity in non-urban settings. METHODS: We conducted a "synopses of syntheses" scoping review to explore current evidence on physical activity promotion in rural, remote, northern and natural settings. Next, we facilitated a collaborative priority-setting conference with 28 Canadian experts from policy, research and practice arenas to develop a set of priorities on physical activity in rural, remote and northern communities. These priorities informed the development of a preliminary Canadian call to action. RESULTS: We identified a limited number of reviews that focused on physical activity and the built environment in rural, remote and northern communities. At the prioritysetting conference, participants representing rural, remote and northern settings identified top priorities for policy, practice and research action to begin to address the gaps and issues noted in the literature. These priorities include self-identifying priorities at the community level; compiling experiences; establishing consistency in research definitions and methods; and developing mentorship opportunities. CONCLUSION: Coordinated action across policy, practice and research domains will be essential to the success of the recommendations presented in this call to action.


INTRODUCTION: L'absence d'interventions en matière de recherche, de pratiques et de politiques relativement à l'activité physique et les particularités de l'environnement physique (bâti et naturel) en milieu rural ou éloigné et dans les régions du Nord constituent des freins importants à l'équité en santé de la population au Canada. Cet article présente une synthèse des données probantes pertinentes sur l'activité physique en milieu non urbain, les résultats d'une rencontre sur l'établissement de priorités nationales ainsi qu'un appel préliminaire à l'action en vue de favoriser la mise en place et la réussite, à l'échelle de la population, d'initiatives axées sur l'activité physique en milieu non urbain. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Nous avons d'abord réalisé un examen de la portée des synopsis de synthèses pour étudier les données probantes pertinentes en lien avec la promotion de l'activité physique en milieu rural, éloigné ou naturel et dans les régions du Nord. Nous avons ensuite organisé une conférence à laquelle ont pris part 28 experts canadiens spécialisés en politiques, en recherche et en pratiques, afin de concevoir de manière concertée un ensemble de priorités sur l'activité physique en milieu rural ou éloigné et dans les régions du Nord. À la suite de cette rencontre, nous avons rédigé un appel à l'action préliminaire pour tout le Canada. RÉSULTATS: Nous avons relevé relativement peu de travaux axés sur l'activité physique et l'environnement bâti en milieu rural ou éloigné et dans les régions du Nord. Lors de la conférence sur l'établissement de priorités, des participants représentant des milieux ruraux ou éloignés et des collectivités du Nord ont formulé les grandes priorités d'action en matière de politiques, de pratiques et de recherche pour commencer à réduire les écarts et résoudre les problèmes soulevés dans la littérature : le besoin d'identification au niveau communautaire; la compilation d'expériences; l'assurance d'une cohésion dans les définitions et les méthodes de recherche et enfin la création de possibilités de mentorat. CONCLUSION: Une action concertée entre les domaines des politiques, des pratiques et de la recherche est essentielle au succès des recommandations formulées dans cet appel à l'action.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Prioridades em Saúde , Promoção da Saúde , População Rural , Canadá , Planejamento Ambiental , Humanos
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