RESUMO
The range of vaccines developed against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) provides a unique opportunity to study immunization across different platforms. In a single-center cohort, we analyzed the humoral and cellular immune compartments following five coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines spanning three technologies (adenoviral, mRNA and inactivated virus) administered in 16 combinations. For adenoviral and inactivated-virus vaccines, heterologous combinations were generally more immunogenic compared to homologous regimens. The mRNA vaccine as the second dose resulted in the strongest antibody response and induced the highest frequency of spike-binding memory B cells irrespective of the priming vaccine. Priming with the inactivated-virus vaccine increased the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response, whereas boosting did not. Distinct immune signatures were elicited by the different vaccine combinations, demonstrating that the immune response is shaped by the type of vaccines applied and the order in which they are delivered. These data provide a framework for improving future vaccine strategies against pathogens and cancer.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Humanos , Anticorpos Antivirais , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , SARS-CoV-2 , Linfócitos T , Imunogenicidade da VacinaRESUMO
Heterologous vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a rational strategy to rapidly increase vaccination coverage in many regions of the world. Although data regarding messenger RNA (mRNA) and ChAdOx1 vaccine combinations are available, there is limited information about the combination of these platforms with other vaccines widely used in developing countries, such as BBIBP-CorV and Sputnik V. Here, we assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of 15 vaccine combinations in 1,314 participants. We evaluate immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-spike response and virus neutralizing titers and observe that a number of heterologous vaccine combinations are equivalent or superior to homologous schemes. For all cohorts in this study, the highest antibody response is induced by mRNA-1273 as the second dose. No serious adverse events are detected in any of the schedules analyzed. Our observations provide rational support for the use of different vaccine combinations to achieve wide vaccine coverage in the shortest possible time.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Vacinas Virais , Vacina de mRNA-1273 contra 2019-nCoV , Anticorpos Antivirais , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Imunização , RNA Mensageiro/genética , SARS-CoV-2 , VacinaçãoRESUMO
Una de las variables para medir la calidad de vida de las personas que viven con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es el trabajo. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar, discriminando por género, la situación laboral de personas que viven con VIH en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Es un estudio comparativo realizado en tres hospitales entre abril y julio de 2015. Se evaluó: rango de edad, género, tratamiento antirretroviral, carga viral, personas a cargo, autopercepción del estado de salud, nivel educativo, situación laboral, acceso a beneficio social, comparación entre ingresos con el salario mínimo, oficio. α=5% a dos colas. Se realizó test de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon y Fisher. Se realizaron 82 encuestas. Un 87,2% tenían entre 20 y 59 años; relación hombre (H)/mujer (M): 1/1; el 84,1% bajo tratamiento antirretroviral y 67,1% tenían carga viral indetectable. El 54,9% con personas a su cargo. La mediana de autopercepción de salud fue de 7,94, sin diferencias entre el sexo (p=0,35). El 48,8% de los H y 50% de las M tuvieron como máximo 7 años de educación formal. El 17,1% de los H y 7,5% de las M se encontraban desocupadas (p=0,03); trabajo informal en 65,8% de H y 37,5% de las M, pero el 47,5% de las M son amas de casa. El 32,9% de las personas no reciben beneficio social, 20% de M y 43,9% de H (p=0,03). El ingreso de las personas correspondió al 64,8% del salario mínimo. La situación económica del país cambió, queda ver si la situación laboral también lo hizo
One of the variables to measure the quality of life of people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is labour. The objective was to compare the labour situation of people living with the HIV in Buenos Aires discriminating by gender. Comparative study in 3 hospitals between April and July 2015. The following were evaluated: age range, idg, antiretroviral treatment, viral load, dependents, self-perception of health status, educational level, work situation, access to social benefits, comparison between income and minimum wage, occupation. α=5% to two queues. Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Fisher tests were conducted. 82 surveys were performed. 87.2% between 20 and 59 years old; male (M)/female (F) ratio: 1/1; 84.1% under antiretroviral treatment and 67.1% had undetectable viral load. 54.9% with dependents. The median self-perception of health was 7.94 with no differences between sexes (p=0.35). 48.8% of the M and 50% of the F had at most 7 years of formal education. 17.1% of the men and 7.5% of the women were unemployed (p=0.03); informal work accounted for 65.8% of the men and 37.5% of the women, but 47.5% of the women were housewives. 32.9% of the people do not receive social benefits, 20% of F and 43.9% of M (p=0.03). The income of the people corresponded to 64.8% of the minimum wage. The economic situation of the country has changed, and it remains to be seen if the employment situation has changed as well