[Economic-health care indicators in 2 health areas: the cost of the "consultation product" of primary health teams]. / Indicadores económico-asistenciales en dos áreas sanitarias: el coste del "producto consulta" en equipos de atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the main economic-healthcare indicators of Aragon Areas 2 and 5 in 1992. To quantify in economic terms the value of the medical and nursing consultations carried out by Primary Care teams. DESIGN: Cost-analysis type study (total costs). The criteria for attributing indirect costs were established by consensus. The data correspond to 1992 (real spending by each centre). The cost of the consultations was calculated in function of the overall activity undertaken and in line with the type of consultation. SETTING: Areas 2 and 5, Aragon. Calculation of the cost per consultation only for Primary Care teams (PCT). RESULTS: Spending per inhabitant and per year, both overall and broken down into care and pharmacy costs was 20,140 for PCT's (8,805 pesetas + 11,355 pes) and 23,153 pes for the traditional model (7,677 + 15,476 pes). Costs per consultation were: 1,031 pes for General Medicine plus 2,537 on Pharmacy; 1,765 pes for Paediatrics plus 716 on Pharmacy; 972 on nursing. Costs per consultation were also offered in function of the duration of each type of consultation and the health-care delivered. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, PCT's generated less expense per each insured person than the traditionally-based Consulting rooms. This situation is mainly due to Pharmacy costs, where the difference is over 4,000 pesetas. The evaluation of service costs in function of attendance supposes that, between two teams of equal composition and the same volume of spending, the more efficient will be that which produces the greater amount of services.

[Brief questionnaires for the early detection of alcoholism in primary health care]. / Cuestionarios breves para la detección precoz de alcoholismo en atención primaria.

The utility of two tests for the early detection of alcoholism (CBA and CAGE) is studied in a group of 247 adult patients of both sexes at the primary care environment. For the definition of the "problem drinker case", the Münchner alkoholismus test (MALT) protocol is used as "gold standard". A sensitiveness of 79 and 75% is obtained for the CBA and CAGE respectively, a specifity of 94 and 96%, and predictive positive value of 63 and 73%, with a prevalence of "problematic drinkers" of 12%. Both questionnaires are shown as efficient instruments for the secundary prevention of alcoholism in the primary care consulting rooms.