Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 8 de 8
Filtrar
1.
Psychol Rep ; 110(1): 25-34, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22489375

RESUMO

A hypothesis was examined, that gelotophobia (the fear of being laughed at) was negatively related to Type I thinking styles and positively related to Type II thinking styles as defined in Sternberg's theory of mental self-government. 431 university students (250 women, 181 men; M age = 20.4 yr., SD = 1.2) completed self-report measures of gelotophobia (GELOPH <15>) and thinking styles (Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised). Correlation and regression analyses were conducted. The results indicated that gelotophobia was negatively and significantly related to four Type I thinking styles (legislative, judicial, liberal, and hierarchical thinking styles) and a Type III thinking style (external), while it was positively and significantly related to a Type II thinking style (conservative). Thinking styles uniquely explained 18% of the total variance in gelotophobia scores. Possible interventions from the perspective of thinking styles in the treatment of gelotophobia were discussed.


Assuntos
Transtornos Fóbicos/psicologia , Teoria Psicológica , Pensamento , Análise de Variância , China , Medo/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
2.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi ; 47(8): 726-31, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22169613

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differential expression of complement C4b and transthyretin in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS: It was a controlled experimental study. Human vitreous samples of 5 patients with PVR were analyzed by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and the results were compared with those from normal control vitreous obtained from donor eyes. An in vivo model of PVR was created by intravitreous injection of cultured rabbit retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The vitreous of PVR models were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to confirm the proteomic results from the PVR patients. RESULTS: Seventy nine various proteins were expressed differently between PVR and normal vitreous, among which nine up-regulated proteins including complement C4b, transthyretin (TTR), and 7 albumins were identified by mass spectrometry. The up-regulation of complement C4b and TTR in PVR patients was also confirmed by ELISA. The concentration of complement C4b and TTR in normal vitreous were (20.18 ± 1.97) mg/L and (88.58 ± 8.84) mg/L respectively, in PVR patients were (38.1 ± 5.79) mg/L and (112.57 ± 6.89) mg/L respectively, difference significantly between these two groups (C4b: t = 11.54, TTR:t = 9.24; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Differences of complement C4b and TTR expression were observed between PVR and normal vitreous. These results have lead to the assumption that there is a connection between elevated concentrations of both complement C4b and TTR and the pathogenesis of PVR and further studies on the functions of these proteins are required.


Assuntos
Complemento C4b/metabolismo , Pré-Albumina/metabolismo , Vitreorretinopatia Proliferativa/metabolismo , Adulto , Animais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteômica , Coelhos , Vitreorretinopatia Proliferativa/patologia
3.
Psychol Rep ; 106(2): 501-12, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20524552

RESUMO

The relationship between teaching styles and student ratings of teaching was examined at a Chinese university. 388 teachers (170 men, 218 women) were invited to fill out the 49-item Teaching Styles Inventory (Grigorenko & Sternberg, 1993). The inventory measures seven teaching styles: legislative, judicial, liberal, global, executive, conservative, and local. Scores from students' evaluations of teaching of courses for one semester were collected. Students' evaluation scores were significantly and negatively related to executive and conservative teaching styles of their teachers, while no significant correlation was found between student ratings and any of the other five teaching styles. Only conservative teaching style contributed significantly to the prediction of student ratings. Sex and age were found to have moderating effects on the relationship between teaching style and student ratings. The role of teaching styles in student ratings was discussed.


Assuntos
Comunicação , Ensino/métodos , Ensino/estatística & dados numéricos , Pensamento/fisiologia , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Análise de Variância , China , Comportamento de Escolha/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Satisfação Pessoal , Competência Profissional , Distribuição por Sexo , Estudantes , Adulto Jovem
4.
Psychol Rep ; 107(3): 784-94, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21323137

RESUMO

The relationship between thinking styles, as defined in Sternberg's theory of mental self-government, and mental health was investigated. 583 university students (362 women, 221 men; M age = 21.4 yr., SD = 0.9) in Guangzhou, P. R. China, were invited to fill out the Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised and the Symptom Checklist-90 on a voluntary basis. Results indicated that scores on six of Sternberg's 13 thinking styles were significantly correlated with the Mental Health Index. The hierarchical style (one Type I style) negatively predicted the General Severity Index beyond sex and age, whereas the judicial, anarchic, and internal styles did so positively. The specific ways in which the thinking styles and mental health scales were related to one another supported Zhang and Sternberg's (2006) claim that thinking styles are value-laden. Applications of thinking styles in enhancing mental health are discussed.


Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Pensamento , Fatores Etários , Lista de Checagem , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
5.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 20(6): 502-5, 2007 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18348410

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of particulate matter (PM) less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) and ozone (O3) on daily mortality in Shanghai, China. METHODS: A generalized additive model with penalized spline function was used to observe the acute effect of PM10 and O3 on daily mortality. RESULTS: Higher PM10 significantly increased the effect of O3 on total mortality, and O3 also increased the effect of PM10 although the estimated increment was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide further evidence for the effect of PM10 and O3 on daily mortality.


Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/toxicidade , Mortalidade , Ozônio/toxicidade , China/epidemiologia , Humanos , População Urbana
6.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 20(5): 426-31, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18188997

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between air pollution exposure and preterm birth in Shanghai, China. METHODS: We examined the effect of ambient air pollution on preterm birth using time-series approach in Shanghai in 2004. This method can eliminate potential confounding by individual risk factors that do not change over a short period of time. Daily numbers of preterm births were obtained from the live birth database maintained by Shanghai Municipal Center of Disease Control and Prevention. We used the generalized additive model (GAM) with penalized splines to analyze the relation between preterm birth, air pollution, and covariates. RESULTS: We observed a significant effect of outdoor air pollution only with 8-week exposure before preterm births. An increase of 10 microg/m3 of 8-week average PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 corresponded to 4.42% (95%CI 1.60%, 7.25%), 11.89% (95%CI 6.69%, 17.09%), 5.43% (95%CI 1.78%, 9.08%), and 4.63% (95%CI 0.35%, 8.91%) increase of preterm birth. We did not find any significant acute effect of outdoor air pollution on preterm birth in the week before birth. CONCLUSION: Ambient air pollution may contribute to the risk of preterm birth in Shanghai. Our analyses also strengthen the rationale for further limiting air pollution level in the city.


Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Nascimento Prematuro/etiologia , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Nascimento Prematuro/epidemiologia
7.
Psychol Rep ; 101(1): 93-9, 2007 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17958112

RESUMO

A Chinese translation of the 27-item Individualism and Collectivism Scale was administered in southern mainland China to 626 Chinese university students (210 men and 416 women) with a mean age of 19.9 yr. (SD = 1.5). From analysis of the responses to these items, the prior four factors, Horizontal Individualism, Vertical Individualism, Horizontal Collectivism, and Vertical Collectivism, did not clearly emerge in the Chinese sample. Further research on the viability of the scale and conceptualization of the horizontal and vertical distinction in the Chinese context is recommended.


Assuntos
Povo Asiático/etnologia , Povo Asiático/psicologia , Comportamento Cooperativo , Individuação , Comportamento Social , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
8.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 19(4): 268-72, 2006 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17044643

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ambient air pollution on human health and the subsequent disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost in Shanghai. METHODS: We used epidemiology-based exposure-response functions to calculate the attributable number of cases due to air pollution in Shanghai in 2000, and then we estimated the corresponding DALYs lost in Shanghai based on unit DALYs values of the health consequences. RESULTS: Ambient air pollution caused 103,064 DALYs lost in Shanghai in 2000. Among all the health endpoints, premature deaths and chronic bronchitis predominated in the value of total DALYs lost. CONCLUSION: The air pollution levels have an adverse effect on the general population health and strengthen the rationale for limiting the levels of air pollution in outdoor air in Shanghai.


Assuntos
Poluição do Ar , Saúde da População Urbana , China/epidemiologia , Exposição Ambiental , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Humanos , Morbidade
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA