[Development and implementation of common data sets for venous thromboembolism: current situation and application prospects].

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a formidable disease that poses a serious threat to the health and well-being of hospitalized patients. Owing to its high incidence, debilitating morbidity, and alarming mortality rates, VTE has gained increasing attention from the clinical medicine community worldwide. Unfortunately, the current state of clinical prevention and treatment of VTE is not very optimistic, necessitating the establishment of large disease-specific databases and real-world studies, which can accumulate effective evidence-based medical evidence to gradually standardize the clinical prevention and treatment and quality control of VTE. The construction and development of large medical databases depend greatly on standardized datasets, which establish the conceptual data models of VTE through data standardization routes, set the object classes according to the model, define the attributes of the classes, standardize the data types and property values, and organize the standardized data elements. This article focuses on providing an in-depth overview of the unique characteristics of various domestic and foreign VTE datasets, describing their application and research progress in VTE, as well as the role of datasets in standardizing clinical and research practices to strengthen quality control and artificial intelligence. Through this comprehensive discussion, we hope to promote the establishment of VTE datasets and enable their use in high-quality large real-world studies.

[Analysis of glucose changes in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus within 1 year after using mobile APP decision support system].

Objective: To analyze the changes in glucose after using a decision support system (DSS) of a smartphone mobile application (APP) in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: In the intervention study, the data (including general information at the time of registration) of adult T1DM patients enrolled in the Chinese T1DM Registration Management Project and registered with TangTangQuan® APP were collected. Within 1 year after registration, fasting blood glucose, pre-prandial and postprandial blood glucose at the three meals, blood glucose before bedtime and in nocturnal time were collected every 3 months. Frequencies of total recorded glucose values and proportion of different ranges of glycemia were also collected and analyzed, including the range between 3.9-7.8 mmol/L (Euglycemia), ranged below 3.9 mmol/L (Hypoglycemia) and range above 13.9 mmol/L (hyperglycemia). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the daily use frequency of DSS (Low/Moderate/High frequency groups). The changes in point blood glucose, the proportion of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia over time were compared among different groups, as well as the baseline characteristics and glucose characteristics of patients. Results: A total of 629 eligible T1DM patients were included, including 216 (34.3%) males and 413 (65.7%) females, aged (31.5±10.8) years, and disease duration [M(Q1, Q3)] of 1.2 (0.1, 7.4) years. There were 239, 189 and 201 patients in the low, moderate and high frequency groups, respectively. Significant differences were observed among the three groups in all timepoints of self-monitoring blood glucose except for the glucose before bedtime from 10 to 12 months after registration (all P values<0.05), and the glucose level at each point in the high frequency group was lower than that in the other two groups. In the first three months after registration, there was no difference in the proportion of hypoglycemia among the three groups (P>0.05). However, from 10 to 12 months after registration, the proportion [M(Q1, Q3)] of hypoglycemia [3.34% (0.85%, 7.40%), 3.00% (0.78%, 6.17%), 1.81% (0.37%, 4.69%)] (P=0.022) between groups (from low to high frequency groups) and hyperglycemia [4.04% (0, 12.16%), 1.88% (0, 7.80%), 0.81% (0, 3.87%)] (P=0.001) were significantly different. Conclusions: The DSS function of mobile APP is helpful to the glucose management of adult patients with T1DM within 1 year after registration. The average blood glucose in adults with T1DM decreased, and the proportions of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia were also reduced.

Measurement of the Cosmic Ray Helium Energy Spectrum from 70 GeV to 80 TeV with the DAMPE Space Mission.

The measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic ray helium nuclei from 70 GeV to 80 TeV using 4.5 years of data recorded by the Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is reported in this work. A hardening of the spectrum is observed at an energy of about 1.3 TeV, similar to previous observations. In addition, a spectral softening at about 34 TeV is revealed for the first time with large statistics and well controlled systematic uncertainties, with an overall significance of 4.3σ. The DAMPE spectral measurements of both cosmic protons and helium nuclei suggest a particle charge dependent softening energy, although with current uncertainties a dependence on the number of nucleons cannot be ruled out.

Second-harmonic imaging microscopy for identifying colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia.

In this study, second-harmonic imaging microscopy was used to monitor precancerous colorectal lesions at different stages. It was found that the morphology of glands and lamina propria in mucosa changes with the progression of colorectal diseases from normal to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia to high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and this microscopy has the ability of direct visualization of these warning symptoms. Furthermore, two morphologic variables were quantified to determine the changes of glands and collagen in lamina propria during the development of colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia. These results suggest that second-harmonic imaging microscopy has the potential in label-freely and effectively distinguishing between normal and precancerous colorectal tissues, and will be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases.

[Experimental study of GeneXpert(®) system in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for detection of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin. METHODS: A total of 150 samples were collected, including 33 needle aspirates from lymphoid tuberculosis, 23 needle aspirates from spinal tuberculosis, 49 from tuberculous pleural effusions, 24 from cerebrospinal fluid of tuberculous cephalomeningitis, and 21 urinary sediment samples from renal tuberculosis. Smear microscopy, mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and the MTB/RIF method were used to examine these samples and their positive rates were compared. Rifampin susceptibility tests was performed for culture-positive strains using proportion method, which was compared with the result from GeneXpert MTB/RIF method. RESULTS: Of the 150 cases of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, 17 samples were smear-positive, with a sensitivity of 11.3% (17/150); 30 were culture-positive with a sensitivity of 20.0% (30/150); and 96 were positive by MTB/RIF method with a sensitivity of 64.0% (96/150). There was a significant difference between MTB/RIF method and the culture method (χ(2)=59.61, P<0.01). The differences were also significant when the MTB/RIF method was compared with the smear method (χ(2)=88.60, P<0.01) or compared with culture plus smear methods (χ(2)=4.26, P<0.05). Separately, the differences were statistically significant between GeneXpert MTB/RIF method and other 2 methods for diagnosis of lymphoid tuberculosis (n=33, χ(2)=20.56, P<0.01 vs. culture method; χ(2)=27.13, P<0.01 vs. smear results) while no difference was found between culture and smear method (χ(2)=0.67, P>0.05), spinal tuberculosis (n=23, χ(2)=12.74, P<0.01 vs. culture method; χ(2)=14.81, P< 0.01 vs. smear method), tuberculous pleurisy (n=49, χ(2)=32.34, P<0.01 vs.culture method; χ(2)=49.69, P<0.01 vs. smear method) and renal tuberculosis (n=21, χ(2)=4.20, P<0.05 vs. culture method; χ(2) =8.40, P<0.01 vs. smear results). The sensitivity for tuberculous meningitis had no difference among these 3 methods (n=24, P>0.05). Rifampicin-resistance of the strains from the 30 culture-positive cases of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (20.0%, 6/30) exhibited agreement with GeneXpert MTB/RIF test. CONCLUSION: The simplicity and high sensitivity of GeneXpert MTB/RIF technology make it a good diagnostic test for rapid detection of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin.

Common polymorphisms of the microRNA genes (miR-146a and miR-196a-2) and gastric cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis.

The associations between two common polymorphisms in microRNA genes (miR-146a, dbSNP: rs2910164; miR-196a-2, dbSNP: rs11614913) and gastric cancer risk have frequently been examined; however, the results have often been controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to clarify the association between the two polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk. The literature search primarily utilized PubMed, Embase, SinoMed, and Wanfang databases to identify eligible studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed to investigate possible correlations. Subgroup analyses of ethnicity as well as source of controls were also performed. The correlation analysis was based on 11 studies, containing 4690 patients and 6066 controls for miR-146a (C>G) together with 1911 patients and 2484 controls for miR-196a-2 (T>C). For the miR-146a polymorphism, the values of the ORs and 95%CIs were >1, suggesting that a correlation exists. In subgroup analysis of source of controls, a correlation was also identified in the Asian subgroup. However, in Caucasians the ORs and 95%CIs were not distributed on the same side of the critical value 1, contra-indicative of a correlation in this group. For the miR-196a-2 polymorphism, the ORs with 95%CIs of both overall and subgroup analyses were also not restricted to >1 or ˂1. In summary, the results suggested that the miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was related to gastric cancer risk in Asians but not in Caucasians, and no distinct correlation seemed to exist between the miR-196a-2 rs11614913 polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer.

Human papillomavirus infection among Uyghur women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Xinjiang area.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the baseline data of Uyghur women for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Xinjiang. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors analyzed the infection and distribution characteristics of HPV genotypes in genital tracts among Uyghur women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in Urumqi of Xinjiang. A total of 1,431 eligible cases involved in this trial. All cervical samples from these patients were detected for HPV genotype. RESULTS: High-risk HPV was identified in 24.7% of 979 histologically confirmed normal samples and 89.2% of 452 samples with CIN (p < 0.05). The prevalence of one single high-risk type, low-risk type, and multiple HPV types were 74.6%, 10.4%, and 4.2%, respectively. A single high risk HPV infection progressively increased with the severity of cervical lesions significantly (chi2 = 31.53, p < 0.01). While interestingly multiple infection and single low risk HPV infection were decreased with the severity of cervical lesions, and there was significant difference chi2 = 6.44, p <0.05; chi2 = 4.85, p < 0.05). The major prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes in 346 samples of CIN II-III were HPV-16, -58, -31, -33, -68,-18,-45, and -39. The comparison of HPV genotype distributions between normal cytology and CIN II-III was analyzed. The estimated risks for progression from viral infection to CIN II-III was highest in HPV-33 (prevalence ratio (PR), 2.62), followed by HPV-31 (2.27), HPV-16 (1.92), HPV-58 (1.62), HPV-18 (1.51), HPV-68 (1.05), and HPV-39 (1.05), suggesting that the six genotypes of HPV-31, -16, -58, -18, -68, and -39 (PR > 1) are higher-risk HPV types in Uyghur women with CIN in Urumqi of Xinjiang. There was no association between multiple infection and cervical lesion progression (0.31, PR < 1). CONCLUSION: Except for the common HPV-16, -58, -31, -33, -18 in Xinjiang, HPV-68 and HPV-39 may be the oncogenic subtypes to Uyghur female with CIN in Xinjiang. Distinguishing these HPV subtypes may have implications for future cervical screening strategies and vaccine implementation. Multiple infections were not association with an increased risk of high-grade cervical neoplasia.

[Research of decision-making artificial intelligence for oral implantation].

The oral implant surgery robot could achieved basic "surgical operation intelligence"; however, "implant decision intelligence" has not yet been achieved. The author previously discussed the specific concept of implant decision artificial intelligence. During our exploration of implant decision intelligence, our team further integrated the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of oral implantation, along with the data characteristics of decision indicators and the distribution characteristics of demographic information. As a result, we identified five key scientific and technological issues in the process of oral implant decision intelligence, namely the construction of a specialized annotation database for oral implantation, the prediction of quantitative indicators, the application of three-dimensional imaging, the solution of data imbalance within indicators, and the joint output of multi-property and multimodal indicators in clinical pathways. This paper will review artificial intelligence research in oral implantology and our team's research progress, elaborating on the aforementioned challenges in intelligentization. It aims to provide references for addressing the mentioned scientific issues and guiding future research directions in the construction of implant decision intelligence in oral medicine.

Post-treatment human papillomavirus status and recurrence rates in patients treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection clearance after loop electrosurgical excision (LEEP) procedure conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and the factors related to such clearance and to assess the relation between HPV and recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total 141 patients who underwent LEEP owing to high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) associated with CIN were involved this study. All patients with negative margins on LEEP specimens were followed up with HPV testing and cervical smear after three, six, nine, and 12 months post-treatment. If necessary, cervical biopsy under colposcopy was performed. RESULTS: LEEP can effectively eliminate HPV infection. Most patients cleared HPV infection within six months. The persistent HPV infection rates were 44.6%,10.6%, 5.7%, and 2.1% after three, six, nine, and 12 months, respectively. The clearance rates were significantly slower in patients with HPV 16 infection, and not differ significantly by age, parity, and pathologic degree. Patients with persistent HR-HPV infection after treatment had a significantly higher risk for recurrence/residual after LEEP compared to patients with negative HPV infection. CONCLUSION: The authors concluded that patients who were positive for HPV infection, especially for HPV 16, should be followed up closely after treatment.

NRSF/REST is required in vivo for repression of multiple neuronal target genes during embryogenesis.

The neuron-restrictive silencer factor NRSF (also known as REST and XBR) can silence transcription from neuronal promoters in non-neuronal cell lines, but its function during normal development is unknown. In mice, a targeted mutation of Rest, the gene encoding NRSF, caused derepression of neuron-specific tubulin in a subset of non-neural tissues and embryonic lethality. Mosaic inhibition of NRSF in chicken embryos, using a dominant-negative form of NRSF, also caused derepression of neuronal tubulin, as well as of several other neuronal target genes, in both non-neural tissues and central nervous system neuronal progenitors. These results indicate that NRSF is required to repress neuronal gene expression in vivo, in both extra-neural and undifferentiated neural tissue.

[Radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis: pathological assessment and pharmacological prevention].

Although radiotherapy can improve the local control rate of tumors and prolong the survival period of patients, it can also lead to long-term adverse effects such as radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis. Radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis has a high incidence and poses significant challenges to treatment, severely impacting the quality of life of patients. Combining findings from domestic and international research, along with experiences of our center, this article mainly discusses the pathological changes of radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis, as well as the current status and challenges of pathological assessment and pharmacological prevention of this condition. At present, there is no definitive method to reverse the fibrotic pathological changes. Thus, the prevention of fibrosis is a crucial issue to be resolved. In the meantime, there is a lack of ideal assessment methods and effective preventive medications in clinical practice. It is necessary to enhance both basic and clinical research, thoroughly investigate the pathogenesis of the disease, and identify effective intervention targets to promote the diagnosis and treatment of radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis.

[Research progress in the promotion of peri-implant soft tissue integration of dental titanium implant based on immune microenvironment regulation].

A good integration of dental implants and the surrounding soft tissue is essential to ensure the long-term effect of implant. In this review, we summarized the research progress of peri-implant soft tissue integration of dental titanium implants, with emphasis on the modification of the gingival interface of implants based on immune microenvironment regulation. This method influences the immune response around the implant by promoting the surface properties of implants, so as to enhance the peri-implant soft tissue integration. The purpose of this review is to provide reference for the related research and clinical application in the field of dental implantation.

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and TGF-beta play important roles in pathogenesis of Uygur cervical carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the function of CD4+CD25+ and Foxp3+ T (Treg) cell and related cytokine in the Uygur patients with cervical carcinoma and CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 170 Uygur women were recruited in the study from January 2007 to January 2011. The study group was comprised of normal controls, cases of primary cervical carcinoma/CIN, and cervical carcinoma/CIN treated with surgery. The following parameters were examined: clinicopathologic features of patients, percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cell in blood and Foxp3 mRNA expression in CD4+CD25 high T cell concentration of serum cytokine. Women with primary cervical carcinoma/CIN after being treated with surgery were compared to the normal controls. Where appropriate, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the function of the Treg and related cytokine. RESULTS: The percentages of CD4+CD25+ Treg were detected as well as in the blood of carcinoma patients and CIN II/III, but the number of cells was much higher compared to both control and CIN I groups (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significant correlation between the expression of Foxp3 mRNA and pathological changes was found. The secretion levels of IL-10, and TGF-beta correlated positively with the process of carcinoma. Furthermore, after surgical operation, the number of Treg cells and related cytokines were decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Finally, the authors would like to highlight that CD4+CD25+ Treg, especially the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and TGF-beta play important roles in Uygur cervical carcinoma, and may have a correlation with survival. Therefore, the inhibitory function of TGF-beta depletion of Treg cells in combination with other anti-tumor therapies could optimize eradication of malignancies.

The Mandarin Chinese shortened version of Oral Health Impact Profile for partially edentate patients with implant-supported prostheses.

This study was to validate a mandarin Chinese version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49) in China and to develop a shortened version of OHIP appropriate for use in partially dentate patients with implant-supported prostheses. The original 49 items of OHIP were translated into mandarin Chinese using a forward-backward method and administered to 580 subjects selected by stratified random sampling. Self-perceived oral health status and treatment need were also collected. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of OHIP (OHIP-C49) were validated. A shortened version (OHIP-I) was derived from the OHIP-C49 by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as well as expert-based approach in partially dentate patients (n=102) with implant-supported prostheses. For validation of the new modified shortened version, another independent sample of 97 partially dentate patients completed OHIP-I and their self-perceived oral health status at baseline and at least 3 months after dental implant rehabilitation. Five hundred and thirty-seven effectual questionnaires were reclaimed from the 580 subjects interviewed. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.78 to 0.96 and test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.84 to 0.97 for subscale and summary scores. Construct validity was demonstrated by priori hypothesised associations between the OHIP-C49 scores and self-perceived oral health (P<0.001). The reliability and validity of OHIP-I were similar to which of the OHIP-C49, and the responsiveness appeared able to measure the effect of dental implant therapy effectively. The mandarin version of OHIP-49 showed sufficient psychometric properties for Chinese. The modified shortened version (OHIP-I) may be appropriate for the evaluation of implant therapy outcomes in partially dentate Chinese patients.

MicroRNA-936 promotes proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells by down-regulating FGF2 expression and activating P13K/Akt signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate whether microRNA-936 can be involved in the development of gastric cancer (GCa) by down-regulating FGF2 expression and activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (P13K/Akt) signaling pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was carried out to examine microRNA-936 and FGF2 levels in GCa tissue samples and adjacent normal ones, and further in GCa cell lines. After transfection of microRNA-936 inhibitor in GCa cell lines BGC and SGC, cell invasion, and proliferation abilities were evaluated by transwell and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, respectively. In addition, the Dual-Luciferase reporting assay was conducted to verify the binding relationship between microRNA-936 and FGF2. After simultaneous transfection of microRNA-936 inhibitor and si-FGF2 in GCa cells, we detected the expression of FGF2/P13K/Akt by performing qPCR and Western blot experiments to further verify the regulation of microRNA-936 on FGF2 and PI3K/AKT pathway. RESULTS: QPCR detection revealed that microRNA-936 was remarkably up-regulated while FGF2 was conversely down-regulated in GCa tissue samples, indicating a negative correlation between the two. In addition, compared with normal gastric mucosal cells GES, microRNA-936 showed a significant increased expression in GCa cell lines. Meanwhile, down-regulation of microRNA-936 caused a marked reduction in invasive and proliferation ability of GCa cells. Dual-Luciferase reporting assay demonstrated a direct binding of microRNA-936 to FGF2. QPCR and Western blot showed that microRNA-936 can inhibit FGF2 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway at the same time. Further studies found that silencing FGF2 induced an enhancement in cell proliferation and invasiveness, which could be reversed by simultaneous downregulation of microRNA-936. The above observations suggested that microRNA-936 may accelerate the progression of GCa by inhibiting FGF2 expression and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of microRNA-936 can be conducive to the development of GCa, mainly through the down-regulation of FGF2 and activation of the P13K/Akt signaling pathway.

LncRNA SNHG20 enhances the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the miR-29a/DIXDC1/Wnt regulatory axis.

OBJECTIVE: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) comprises approximately ~90% of all oral malignancies and exhibits a significant mortality rate worldwide. Although the dysregulation of small nucleolar RNA host gene 20 (SNHG20) participates in the development of multiple malignancies, the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation of OSCC progression remain to be fully elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression levels of SNHG20, microRNA-29a (miR-29a), and Disheveled-Axin Domain Containing 1 (DIXDC1) were detected by Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein expression levels of DIXDC1 and ß-catenin were measured by Western blotting. In addition, MTT assay was performed to measure the cell proliferation ability in SCC9 and SCC15 cells. Cell migration and invasion abilities were measured by wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. The cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry assay. Besides, Luciferase reporter assay was employed to examine the interrelation between miR-29a and SNHG20 or DIXDC1. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that SNHG20 and DIXDC1 were significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, while miR-29a was markedly downregulated. Moreover, the high expression of SNHG20 was found to predict a lower survival rate in OSCC patients. In addition, loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that SNHG20 knockdown inhibited the development and progression of OSCC, whereas the miR-29a inhibitor significantly abolished the effect of SNHG20 depletion on OSCC progression by directly binding to SNHG20. DIXDC1 was shown to enhance si-SNHG20 and miR-29a mimic-attenuated cell viability, migration, and invasion by directly binding to miR-29a. Furthermore, it was also found that DIXDC1 activated Wnt signaling in OSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that SNHG20 promoted OSCC progression via the miR-29a/DIXDC1/Wnt signaling pathway, which might provide a novel theoretical basis for the treatment of OSCC.

[Imported B3 genotype measles virus isolated in Fujian province].

Objective: We isolated and identified the genotypes and molecular characteristics of the imported B3 measles virus (MeV) in Fujian province in 2018. Methods: Throat swab specimens were collected from clinically diagnosed measles patients and tested for viral RNA, using the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction after the RNA extraction. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method was undertaken to amplify the 634 nucleotide acids of 3-terminal of the nucleoprotein gene. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and similarities in homology assessed. Results: We successfully isolated and obtained two measles virus strains and eighteen viral nucleic acid sequences. The Fujian strains were clustered within the same genotype group of WHO genotype B3 reference strains. Compared to the major circulating measles strain genotype B3 in the world, two Fujian strains MV18-41 and MV18-42 showed 100.0% nucleic acid homology to HongKong.CHN/35.18 strain which was isolated from Hong Kong in 2018. The remaining 16 Fujian strains showed the highest homology (99.9%) with the Mvs/Osaka.JPN/38.18/B3 strain isolated from Japan in 2018. Compared with other 23 WHO genotype reference strains, homology on both nucleotide and amino acid of the Fujian strain and the B1 genotype reference strain were the smallest, as 95.1%-95.4% and 95.3%, respectively. The differences of homology between the Fujian strain and H1 genotype reference strain were the largest, as 88.7%-89.0% and 87.3%, respectively. In addition, there were 13 mutation sites between the Fujian strain and the vaccine strain (Shanghai-191) at the 150 amino acid position of carboxy terminus on N protein, However, these sites did not cause functional changes in the protein region. Conclusions: In Fujian province, two strains of B3 genotype measles virus were obtained successfully, which were considered to be new genotype measles virus found in 2018. These findings showed it is necessary to strengthening the monitoring program on imported cases for better control and eliminate the measles virus.

Meta-analysis: Supplementary artificial light and goose reproduction.

Photoperiod affects poultry reproduction, and in birds, photoperiod regulation is a complex physiological process. In modern poultry production, lighting management has become an important and effective management approach for increasing egg production. Geese are domesticated fowl and in many goose production enterprises animals are allowed to roam in outside pens during the day and are housed indoors at night, so the animals can be exposed to artificial lighting during the night periods. Supplementary artificial lighting resulted in improved reproduction in some studies, but reports have been inconsistent. To evaluate the results from previous studies of supplementary lighting on goose egg production, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine optimal supplementary artificial lighting regimens for geese egg production. Results indicated supplementary artificial light increases mean egg production, the length of the period of egg production before there is cessation of egg production capacity, and fertility. In summary, there were evaluations of data from five studies focused on White Roman geese in the meta-analysis conducted in the present study, however, examination of more breeds is necessary to make more definitive assessments of the findings from this meta-analysis.

[Preclinical study of the effects of fluorinated porcine hydroxyapatite in repairing peri-implant bone defects in canine mandible].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of fluorinated porcine hydroxyapatite (FPHA) on guided bone regeneration of peri-implant buccal bone defects in canine mandible. Methods: Six male beagle dogs were randomly divided into two groups with different time points (4 weeks and 12 weeks after implants placement), with 3 dogs in each group. Bilateral mandibular second premolars, first molars, and second molars in each dog were extracted. The wounds were allowed to heal for 12 weeks. For each dog, four implant beds were prepared in each side and standardized peri-implant buccal bone defect was created at each implant site. After implants placement, the defect sites were randomly allocated in a split-mouth design to blank control group, deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), the porcine hydroxyapatite (PHA), FPHA and covered with collagen membranes. The animals were sacrificed 4 or 12 weeks after the surgery. Biopsies of the implant sites were obtained for micro-CT evaluation [bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and bone trabecular separation degree (Tb.Sp)] and histological analysis. Results: Micro-CT results showed that 4 weeks after implants placement, PHA, FPHA and DBBM successfully maintained the contour of alveolar ridge at the buccal aspect of the implants, while the contour of alveolar ridge collapsed in the blank control group. BV/TV in the FPHA group [(24.77±2.20) %] was significantly higher than that in the PHA group [(16.89±1.70)%] and DBBM group [(15.68±3.15)%] (P<0.05). Tb.Sp in the FPHA group (0.70±0.07) was significantly lower than that in the DBBM group (1.03±0.19) (P<0.05). Twelve weeks after implants placement, the alveolar ridge contour of the grafted sites in PHA, FPHA and DBBM group remained stable. The alveolar ridge of the blank control group was still collapsed. There was no significant difference in BV/TV and Tb.Sp between PHA group, FPHA group and DBBM group. The histomorphological analysis showed that 4 weeks after implants placement, in the central area of the defect, the amount and maturity of new bone (NB) around the material particles in FPHA group was higher than that in PHA group and DBBM group. Osseointegration could be observed between the NB and implant surface in all the four groups. Twelve weeks after implants placement, the material particles were surrounded by a large number of mature NB in PHA, FPHA and DBBM group. Conclusions: The incorporation of fluoride ion into PHA could effectively promote the repair of peri-implant bone defects in the early stage of guided bone regeneration.