[Bronchial reactivity as factor of effectiveness of new antiasthmatic drugs]. / Izuchenie reaktivnosti bronkhov kak faktora éffektivnosti novykh protivosatmaticheskikh preparatov.

AIM: To evaluate bekotid and bekodisk effects on bronchial reactivity and sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bronchial reactivity and sensitivity were studied in a comparative study of two corticosteroids for inhalation--bekotid and bekodisk--in 37 patients with bronchial asthma. Unlike bekotid, bekodisk does not contain freon which irritates mucosa of the upper respiratory tracts and bronchi. The examination included clinical and allergological tests, provocative inhalation tests, peak flowmetry, assessment of bronchial resistance and external respiration function. RESULTS: Bekodisk treatment reduced the number of asphyxia episodes, sensitivity to carbacholine, the need in inhalation sympathomimetics, improved external respiration function. CONCLUSION: Determination of reactivity and sensitivity of the bronchi is essential for comparison of drugs against bronchial asthma. Bekodisk significantly lowers reactivity to nonspecific mediatory substances, is simple and available in application, is more tolerable than bekotid.

[An analysis of the data from the neurophysiological examination of patients with bronchial asthma and hyperventilation]. / Analiz dannykh neirofiziologicheskogo obsledovaniia bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi s giperventiliatsiei.

Bronchial asthma (BA) patients with hyperventilation (HV) were examined by means of evoked cutaneous sympathetic potential (ECSP) and short-latency evoked stem potentials to acoustic stimulation (SLESP to AS). Measurements of these parameters allowed quantitation and differentiation of hyperventilation disorders in BA patients. The latter were divided into 4 groups: BA patients with HV syndrome (HVS), BA patients with functional HV (FHV), BA patients with spontaneous HV (SHV) and BA patients without HV. BA patients with HVS exhibited a significant increase of latent ECSP period and latent periods III and V SLESP to AS peaks. This evidences for vegetative neuropathy and dysfunction of the pons and mesencephalic brain compartments. In BA patients with FHV there was a longer latent period II of SLESP to AS peak indicating dysfunction of caudal brain stem. BA patients with SHV and without HV had no significant shifts.

[Features of the immune status of patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma before the onset of an exacerbation]. / Osobennosti immunnogo statusa u bol'nykh infektsionno-allergicheskoi bronkhial'noi astmoi pered nachalom obostreniia.

A study was made of the immune status in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma in the phase of clinical manifestations before the onset of exacerbation 2 mos after examination, and in patients with a favorable course of disease without exacerbations during the same period of time. The assessment of the immune status was based on a study of the balance of interrelationships in a set of immunological parameters including the chief indices of cellular and humoral immunity (T- and B-lymphocytes, phagocytosing and rosette-forming neutrophils, indices of cell activity in exercise tests, the levels of serum and secretory immunoglobulins--a total of 33 indices). Sharp changes in values and direction of interrelationships in numerous combinations of parameters, especially in those which included the content of immunoglobulins in the sputum, indices of the activity of neutrophils and exercise tests were noted in the patients with exacerbation for 2 mos after examination as compared to those who developed no exacerbations. A special table for prediction of a course of infectious-allergic bronchial asthma was based on a study of the balance of interrelationships. Data obtained from the table corresponded to considerable changes revealed in the balance of interrelationships among components of the immune system 1-2 mos before the appearance of the clinical signs of exacerbation of the disease.

[Blood levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha, thromboxane and prostaglandin F2alpha in patients with bronchial asthma]. / Soderzhanie 6-ketoprostaglandina F1alfa, tromboksana i prostaglandina F2alfa v krovi bolnykh bronkhialnoi astmoi.

The study revealed the relation of bronchial asthma (bacterial variant) clinical pattern to plasma levels of PGF2 alpha, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TxB2. In remission of the disease the above indices are lower. Severe asthma remission is characterized by higher levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TxB2 than moderate asthma one, demonstrates a tendency to growing PGF2 alpha levels. A rise in PGF2 alpha and TxB2 in manifest asthma points to their participation in bronchospasm formation suggesting an active role of these bronchoconstrictors in asthma pathogenesis. Higher levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha are of a compensary nature in the pathogenesis of PGF2 alpha and TxB2 bronchoconstrictory action, and of damaging nature contributing to the formation of bronchial mucosa edema and bronchial gland hypersecretion.

[Contents of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 in the blood of patients with bronchial asthma]. / Soderzhanie 6-keto-prostaglandina F1 alfa i tromboksana B2 v krovi bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi.

There is a relationship between severity of bacterial bronchial asthma clinical symptoms and plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TxB2: in moderate disease against grave one as well as in clinical versus subclinical forms (remission) relevant indices are reduced. On the one hand elevated content of blood 6-keto-PGF1 alpha seems compensatory rising in response to TxB2 bronchoconstriction. On the other hand, it impairs microcirculation and enhances mediators of inflammation, promotes exudation and edema of bronchoalveolar mucosa, thus contributing to obstruction.

[On the specifics of the treatment effectiveness of the respiratory regulator in patients with bronchial asthma]. / Ob osobennostiakh lechebnogo éffekta reguliatora dykhaniia (RR) u bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi.

The authors show that the response of the respiratory system on additional resistance induced by RR depends on personal anxiety of the patient. Respiratory training with RR improves the condition of the respiratory system and psychological status of asthmatics. The training should be adjusted to psychological peculiarities of each patient and conducted according to individual program. Previous test for reaction of the respiratory system to additional exogenic resistance is needed.

[Glucocorticoid receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with bronchial asthma]. / Izuchenie retseptorov gliukokortikoidov v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi.

Quantitation of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) and the study of their affinity for glucocorticosteroids (GCS) were made in peripheral blood lymphocytes of bronchial asthma (BA) patients in consideration of GCR treatment and serum levels of endogenous cortisol. It is stated that GCR of healthy controls and GCS-untreated patients outnumbered those of cortisol-dependent BA patients on hormone therapy. Following discontinuation of glucocorticoid drugs GCR count in cortisol-dependent BA tends to rise. Endogenous cortisol has no effect on GCR level estimated by 3H-triamcinolone acetonide.

[Lomuzol in the treatment of allergic rhinitis]. / Lomuzol v lechenii allergicheskikh rinitov.

The response to lomuzol was registered in 37 out of 39 patients with allergic rhinitis given lomuzol. In 16 patients the response was complete, in 14 partial, in 7 satisfactory. In 6 patients of placebo no effect was recorded. The drug proved uneffective in hypertrophy of the turbinate bones.