RESUMO
Marijuana, the common name for products derived from the plant Cannabis sativa, is the most common illicit drug used by children and adolescents in the United States.(1) Despite growing concerns by the medical profession about the physical and psychological effects of its active ingredient, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, survey data continue to show that increasing numbers of young people are using the drug as they become less concerned about its dangers.(1)
Assuntos
Abuso de Maconha/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Criança , Dronabinol/farmacologia , Humanos , Abuso de Maconha/complicações , Abuso de Maconha/epidemiologia , Pediatria , Psicotrópicos/farmacologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Prescrições de Medicamentos , Regulamentação Governamental , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , American Medical Association , Governo Federal , Humanos , Drogas Ilícitas , Internacionalidade , Aplicação da Lei , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Controle de Medicamentos e Entorpecentes/legislação & jurisprudência , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/reabilitação , Órgãos Governamentais , Humanos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/prevenção & controle , Estados Unidos , United States Dept. of Health and Human Services , United States Food and Drug AdministrationRESUMO
Four medical specialty organizations conducted a survey of 294 departments in 98 medical schools and 1,124 residency programs to identify the number and type of curriculum units on substance abuse offered by these specialties. A curriculum unit was defined as a formal block of teaching on substance abuse. A total of 251 (85 percent) of the medical school departments and 828 (74 percent) of the residency programs responded. Of those, 175 (70 percent) of the medical school departments and 479 (58 percent) of the residency programs reported offering at least one curriculum unit on substance abuse. There was considerable variation among the four specialties in the number and percentage of departments or programs reporting such units. Overall, a majority of the units addressed both alcohol and other drugs, were required, and included a clinical component. Evaluations of content and teaching strategies are needed to examine the quality and adequacy of substance abuse training.
Assuntos
Currículo , Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Internato e Residência , Medicina , Especialização , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Coleta de Dados , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Humanos , Medicina Interna , Pediatria , Psiquiatria , Porto Rico , Faculdades de Medicina , Ensino/métodosRESUMO
Concern about the role of prescription drug diversion in drug abuse has led to demands for more stringent regulation and for better ways to detect prescription drug diversion. Advances in technology now allow point-of-sale computer systems to report prescriptions filled by pharmacies to state agencies rapidly and possibly more economically. However, the advantages of more comprehensive control systems must be balanced against their possible effects on medical practice and patient care. Our limited knowledge about prescription drug diversion and the impact of diversion control systems on medical practice is summarized. Needed research is outlined together with the components of a diversion control program that balances reducing drug diversion with minimizing adverse effects on medical practice and patient care. We stress the need for broadly defined practice parameters and peer review by medical experts thoroughly familiar with the complexities of medical practice.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Informação em Farmácia Clínica/legislação & jurisprudência , Prescrições de Medicamentos , Controle de Medicamentos e Entorpecentes/legislação & jurisprudência , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/prevenção & controle , Bases de Dados Factuais , Uso de Medicamentos , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Sistemas On-Line , Administração da Prática Médica , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Quality measurement and quality assurance in substance abuse treatment have, over the past few years, become a major policy issue. In addition, there is interest in the degree to which client outcomes can play a role in measuring treatment program performance. This article discusses the movement toward outcome-based performance measurement in substance abuse treatment. Examples of the products that such a performance measurement system might produce are provided. Why outcomes must be case-mix adjusted is discussed. In addition, using data from 18 methadone programs and more than 2,000 methadone clients from the Treatment Outcome Prospective Study, an illustration of case-mix-adjusted performance measurement is provided.