RESUMO
TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel originated in invertebrates. The genomic locus containing TRPA1 gene remains highly conserved and retained in all vertebrates. TRPA1 gene is evolutionarily selected, yet maintained as a highly diverged protein. Throughout the vertebrate evolution, the extracellular loops of TRPA1 become most diverged indicating that TRPA1 may be involved in detecting large spectrum and uncertain stimulus which is critical for adaptive benefit. We tested the expression of TRPA1 in mature sperm from different vertebrates. This is the first report demonstrating that TRPA1 is expressed endogenously in mature spermatozoa of multiple species representing entire vertebrate phyla. However, its specific localization within sperm remains species-specific. Accordingly, we report that in rodents TRPA1 expression correlates with different stages of spermatogenesis. We propose that presence of endogenous TRPA1 in testes and in mature sperm provides reproductive benefit.
Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Espermatogênese/genética , Canal de Cátion TRPA1/genética , Vertebrados/genética , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Filogenia , Especificidade da Espécie , Espermatogênese/fisiologia , Sintenia , Canal de Cátion TRPA1/química , Canal de Cátion TRPA1/fisiologia , Vertebrados/classificação , Vertebrados/fisiologiaRESUMO
Introduction: Vascular injury following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is uncommon but can lead to loss of life or limb. External iliac and common femoral arteries are commonly injured during THA. Case Report: We report a case of thrombosis of the external iliac and femoral artery during THA in a mid-60-year female patient with 15-year-old neglected fracture neck of the femur. Six hours following THA through Harding's approach, a feeble pulse was palpated in the operated limb. Ischemia of the limb led to sciatic nerve palsy and foot drop in the operated limb, which was intact following surgery. Computed tomography angiography confirmed thrombosis of the external iliac and femoral artery. Removal of thrombosis with the use of a Fogarty catheter could save the limb and lead to recovery of foot drop. Early detection of pulselessness and timely intervention in the post-operative period was the cornerstone of this case report. Conclusion: Vascular injury during THA though rare but cannot be ruled out completely. Early diagnosis with a stringent post-operative protocol and timely intervention would be the cornerstone of the management of any vascular injury following THA.