Primary Care Providers' Experiences Recommending and Performing Cervical Cancer Screening for Women with Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Study.

Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) are less likely to receive cervical cancer screening (CCS) relative to women without disabilities. Primary care providers (PCPs) play key roles in recommending CCS. The purpose of this study was to identify factors PCPs consider when recommending and performing CCS for women with I/DD. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews (N = 13) were conducted with majority family medicine-trained PCPs. Through inductive data analysis, it was found that most PCPs reported recommending CCS; however, follow-through for performing CCS varied. PCPs attempted to align their CCS recommendations with national guidelines and provided counseling and education to families and patients about CCS while taking an individualized risk-benefit approach. Despite most PCPs reporting a lack of knowledge or training related to providing I/DD-specific care, PCPs attempted to draw upon experiences with similar populations to recommend and perform CCS. There is an opportunity to improve knowledge of PCPs related to performing CCS for women with I/DD.

Accessibility and Responsiveness Review Tool: community agency capacity to respond to survivors with disabilities.

For persons with disabilities who have experienced trauma in the forms of abuse and violence, options for accessible and trauma-informed services are often limited. Using a self-assessment and planning process, disability service providers and victim/survivor service providers are able to strategize ways of addressing the needs of survivors with disabilities. The Accessibility and Responsiveness Review Tool (Review Tool) incorporates the principles of universal design and trauma-informed practices into an agency-wide discussion tool leading to increases in knowledge, reduction in barriers, and overall improved programs for survivors with disabilities. Results of agencies that participated in the Review Tool process are presented.

Effective inclusion practices for neurodiverse children and adolescents in informal STEM learning: a systematic review protocol.

BACKGROUND: Informal learning experiences in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) can enhance STEM learning that occurs in formal educational settings and curricula as well as generate enthusiasm for considering STEM careers. The aim of this systematic review is to focus on the experiences of neurodiverse students in informal STEM learning. Neurodiversity is a subgroup of neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism, attention deficit disorder, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and other neurological conditions. The neurodiversity movement regards these conditions as natural forms of human variation, as opposed to dysfunction, and recognizes that neurodiverse individuals possess many strengths relevant to STEM fields. METHODS: The authors will systematically search electronic databases for relevant research and evaluation articles addressing informal STEM learning for K-12 children and youth with neurodiverse conditions. Seven databases and content-relevant websites (e.g., informalscience.org) will be searched using a predetermined search strategy and retrieved articles will be screened by two members of the research team. Data synthesis will include meta-synthesis techniques, depending on the designs of the studies. DISCUSSION: The synthesis of the findings resulting from various research and evaluation designs, across the K-12 age span, and across various informal STEM learning contexts, will lead to depth and breadth of understanding of ways to improve informal STEM learning programs for neurodiverse children and youth. The identification of informal STEM learning program components and contexts shown to yield positive results will provide specific recommendations for improving inclusiveness, accessibility, and STEM learning for neurodiverse children and youth. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The current study has been registered in PROSPERO. REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021278618.