RESUMO
Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) play important roles in the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides. The aim of this study was to determine the allelic and genotypic distributions of the APOA5-1131T>C (rs 662799) and the APOE HhaI polymorphisms and to identify the association of both individual and combined APOA5-APOE genetic variants and the risk for dyslipidemia in children and adolescents. We genotyped 53 dyslipidemic and 77 normolipidemic individuals. The total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol were determined enzymatically. For APOA5 polymorphism, the presence of the allele C confers an individual risk for dyslipidemia (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.15-4.89; P = 0.018). No significant differences were observed for lipid parameters among the APOA5 groups, except for a higher value of HDLc (P = 0.024) in C-carriers. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of APOE polymorphism were similar between groups and did not increase the susceptibility for dyslipidemia. None of the combined APOA5-APOE polymorphisms increased risk for dyslipidemia. We demonstrated an association between APOA5-1131T>C polymorphism and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents. This finding may be useful to guide new studies with genetic markers down a path toward a better characterization of the genetic risk factors for dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic diseases.
Assuntos
Apolipoproteínas A/genética , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Dislipidemias/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Adolescente , Apolipoproteína A-V , Criança , Demografia , Dislipidemias/sangue , Feminino , Frequência do Gene/genética , Humanos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was investigated in 332 children aged 7 to 15 years, 156 (47%) boys and 176 (53%) girls enrolled in the schools of the municipality of Rio Acima, MG. Seventy-four children were white (22.3%), 218 were mulatto (65.7%), and 40 were black (12%). Mean hemoglobin level was 12.75 +/- 0.75 g/dl. Lower values were determined for black children (12.32 +/- 0.87g/dl) compared to white (12.76 +/- 0.99 g/dl) and mulatto (12.81 +/- 0.94 g/dl) children. The prevalence of anemia was 16.6% when determined on the basis of the percentage of children with hemoglobin values lower than the 3rd percentile for age and sex (standard method), and 36.2% when determined by the standardized prevalence method for the evaluation of the prevalence of malnutrition in populations. Depletion of iron reserves was 8.13% for the population in general and 20% for the anemic children. This low prevalence of iron deficiency may have been the result of the value adopted as the lower normal limit (10 ng/ml) for serum ferritin values. The small percentage of anemic children with iron depletion may also be justified by the standard of normality adopted for hemoglobin values which was originally elaborated for the white population of North America and Finland and therefore may be inadequate for the population studied here, of diverse racial composition.
Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was investigated in 332 children aged 7 to 15 years, 156 (47 per cent) boys and 176 (53 per cent) girls enrolled in the schools of the municipality of Rio Acima, MG. Seventy-four children were white (22.3 per cent), 218 were mulatto (65.7 per cent), and 40 were black (12 per cent). Mean hemoglobin level was 12.75 ñ 0.75 g/ dl. Lower values were determined for black children (12.32 + 0.87 g/dl) compared to white (l2.76 ñ 0.99 g/dl) and mulatto (12.81 ñ 0.94 g/dl) children. The prevalence of anemia was 16.6 per cent when determined on the basis of the percentage of children with hemoglobin values lower than the 3rd percentile for age and sex (standard method), and 36.2 per cent when determined by the standardized prevalence method for the evaluation of the prevalence of malnutrition in populations. Depletion of iron reserves was 8.13 per cent for the population in general and 20 per cent for the anemic children. This low prevalence of iron deficiency may have been the result of the value adopted as the lower normal limit (10 ng/ml) for serum ferritin values. The small percentage of anemic children with iron depletion may also be justified by the standard of normality adopted for hemoglobin values which was originally elaborated for the white population of North America and Finland and therefore may be inadequate for the population studied here, of diverse racial composition.